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Termes IGN > environnement > écologie > phytoécologie > écologie forestière
écologie forestière
Commentaire :
Écocomplexe forestier, Écologie des forêts, Écosystème des forêts, Écosystème forestier, Forêt -- Écologie. Écologie agricole. >> Faune des forêts, Flore forestière, Microclimat forestier, Station forestière -- Typologie, Écologie des zones de végétation arbustive, Réserve forestière, Forêt. >>Terme(s) spécifique(s) : Radioécologie des forêts, Écologie des forêts de nuage, Écologie des taïgas, Écologie des forêts tropophiles, Écologie des forêts de hautes futaies, Écologie de la canopée, Écologie des forêts littorales, Forêt -- Dynamique, Écologie des forêts pluviales. Equiv. LCSH : Forest ecology. Domaine(s) : 570. Voir aussi |
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Influence of forest management activities on soil organic carbon stocks: A knowledge synthesis / Mathias Mayer in Forest ecology and management, Vol 466 (15 June 2020)
[article]
Titre : Influence of forest management activities on soil organic carbon stocks: A knowledge synthesis Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mathias Mayer, Auteur ; Cindy E. Prescott, Auteur ; Wafa E.A. Abaker, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 25 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] afforestation
[Termes IGN] azote
[Termes IGN] biomasse forestière
[Termes IGN] changement d'occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] déchet organique
[Termes IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] forêt primaire
[Termes IGN] forêt secondaire
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière
[Termes IGN] peuplement mélangé
[Termes IGN] teneur en carbone
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Almost half of the total organic carbon (C) in terrestrial ecosystems is stored in forest soils. By altering rates of input or release of C from soils, forest management activities can influence soil C stocks in forests. In this review, we synthesize current evidence regarding the influences of 13 common forest management practices on forest soil C stocks. Afforestation of former croplands generally increases soil C stocks, whereas on former grasslands and peatlands, soil C stocks are unchanged or even reduced following afforestation. The conversion of primary forests to secondary forests generally reduces soil C stocks, particularly if the land is converted to an agricultural land-use prior to reforestation. Harvesting, particularly clear-cut harvesting, generally results in a reduction in soil C stocks, particularly in the forest floor and upper mineral soil. Removal of residues by harvesting whole-trees and stumps negatively affects soil C stocks. Soil disturbance from site preparation decreases soil C stocks, particularly in the organic top soil, however improved growth of tree seedlings may outweigh soil C losses over a rotation. Nitrogen (N) addition has an overall positive effect on soil C stocks across a wide range of forest ecosystems. Likewise, higher stocks and faster accumulation of soil C occur under tree species with N-fixing associates. Stocks and accumulation rates of soil C also differ under different tree species, with coniferous species accumulating more C in the forest floor and broadleaved species tending to store more C in the mineral soil. There is some evidence that increased tree species diversity could positively affect soil C stocks in temperate and subtropical forests, but tree species identity, particularly N-fixing species, seems to have a stronger impact on soil C stocks than tree species diversity. Management of stand density and thinning have small effects on forest soil C stocks. In forests with high populations of ungulate herbivores, reduction in herbivory levels can increase soil C stocks. Removal of plant biomass for fodder and fuel is related to a reduction in the soil C stocks. Fire management practices such as prescribed burning reduce soil C stocks, but less so than wildfires which are more intense. For each practice, we identify existing gaps in knowledge and suggest research to address the gaps. Numéro de notice : A2020-288 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118127 Date de publication en ligne : 08/04/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118127 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95113
in Forest ecology and management > Vol 466 (15 June 2020) . - 25 p.[article]Analysing the quality of Swiss National Forest Inventory measurements of woody species richness / Berthold Traub in Forest ecosystems, vol 7 (2020)
[article]
Titre : Analysing the quality of Swiss National Forest Inventory measurements of woody species richness Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Berthold Traub, Auteur ; Rafaël O. Wüest, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 37 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse diachronique
[Termes IGN] échantillonnage
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] qualité des données
[Termes IGN] Suisse
[Termes IGN] surveillance forestière
[Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestierRésumé : (auteur) Background: Under ongoing climate and land-use change, biodiversity is continuously decreasing and monitoring biodiversity is becoming increasingly important. National Forest Inventory (NFI) programmes provide valuable time-series data on biodiversity and thus contribute to assessments of the state and trends in biodiversity, as well as ecosystem functioning. Data quality in this context is of paramount relevance, particularly for ensuring a meaningful interpretation of changes. The Swiss NFI revisits about 8%–10% of its sample plots regularly in repeat surveys to supervise the quality of fieldwork.
Methods: We analysed the relevance of observer bias with equivalence tests, examined data quality objectives defined by the Swiss NFI instructors, and calculated the pseudo-turnover (PT) of species composition, that is, the percentage of species not observed by both teams. Three attributes of woody species richness from the latest Swiss NFI cycles (3 and 4) were analysed: occurrence of small tree and shrub species (1) on the sample plot and (2) at the forest edge, and (3) main shrub and trees species in the upper storey.
Results: We found equivalent results between regular and repeat surveys for all attributes. Data quality, however, was significantly below expectations in all cases, that is, as much as 20%–30% below the expected data quality limit of 70%–80% (proportion of observations that should not deviate from a predefined threshold). PT values were about 10%–20%, and the PT of two out of three attributes decreased significantly in NFI4. This type of uncertainty – typically caused by a mixture of overlooking and misidentifying species – should be considered carefully when interpreting change figures on species richness estimates from NFI data.
Conclusions: Our results provide important information on the data quality achieved in Swiss NFIs in terms of the reproducibility of the collected data. The three applied approaches proved to be effective for evaluating the quality of plot-level species richness and composition data in forest inventories and other biodiversity monitoring programmes. As such, they could also be recommended for assessing the quality of biodiversity indices derived from monitoring data.Numéro de notice : A2020-815 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1186/s40663-020-00252-1 Date de publication en ligne : 17/06/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s40663-020-00252-1 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96988
in Forest ecosystems > vol 7 (2020) . - n° 37[article]Improving precision of field inventory estimation of aboveground biomass through an alternative view on plot biomass / Christoph Kleinn in Forest ecosystems, vol 7 (2020)
[article]
Titre : Improving precision of field inventory estimation of aboveground biomass through an alternative view on plot biomass Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Christoph Kleinn, Auteur ; Magnussen, Steen, Auteur ; Nils Nölke, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 57 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Basse-Saxe (Allemagne)
[Termes IGN] biomasse aérienne
[Termes IGN] biomasse forestière
[Termes IGN] écologie forestière
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] parcelle forestière
[Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestierRésumé : (auteur) We contrast a new continuous approach (CA) for estimating plot-level above-ground biomass (AGB) in forest inventories with the current approach of estimating AGB exclusively from the tree-level AGB predicted for each tree in a plot, henceforth called DA (discrete approach). With the CA, the AGB in a forest is modelled as a continuous surface and the AGB estimate for a fixed-area plot is computed as the integral of the AGB surface taken over the plot area. Hence with the CA, the portion of the biomass of in-plot trees that extends across the plot perimeter is ignored while the biomass from trees outside of the plot reaching inside the plot is added. We use a sampling simulation with data from a fully mapped two hectare area to illustrate that important differences in plot-level AGB estimates can emerge. Ideally CA-based estimates of mean AGB should be less variable than those derived from the DA. If realized, this difference translates to a higher precision from field sampling, or a lower required sample size. In our case study with a target precision of 5% (i.e. relative standard error of the estimated mean AGB), the CA required a 27.1% lower sample size for small plots of 100 m2 and a 10.4% lower sample size for larger plots of 1700 m2. We examined sampling induced errors only and did not yet consider model errors. We discuss practical issues in implementing the CA in field inventories and the potential in applications that model biomass with remote sensing data. The CA is a variation on a plot design for above-ground forest biomass; as such it can be applied in combination with any forest inventory sampling design. Numéro de notice : A2020-812 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1186/s40663-020-00268-7 Date de publication en ligne : 23/10/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s40663-020-00268-7 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96985
in Forest ecosystems > vol 7 (2020) . - n° 57[article]Can Carbon Sequestration in Tasmanian “Wet” Eucalypt Forests Be Used to Mitigate Climate Change? Forest Succession, the Buffering Effects of Soils, and Landscape Processes Must Be Taken into Account / Peter D. McIntosh in International journal of forestry research, vol 2020 ([01/02/2020])
[article]
Titre : Can Carbon Sequestration in Tasmanian “Wet” Eucalypt Forests Be Used to Mitigate Climate Change? Forest Succession, the Buffering Effects of Soils, and Landscape Processes Must Be Taken into Account Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Peter D. McIntosh, Auteur ; James L. Hardcastle, Auteur ; Tobias Klöffe, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 16 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] biomasse forestière
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] Eucalyptus (genre)
[Termes IGN] forêt équatoriale
[Termes IGN] matière organique
[Termes IGN] peuplement mélangé
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Termes IGN] Tasmanie
[Termes IGN] zone humide
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Small areas of the wetter parts of southeast Australia including Tasmania support high-biomass “wet” eucalypt forests, including “mixed” forests consisting of mature eucalypts up to 100 m high with a rainforest understorey. In Tasmania, mixed forests transition to lower biomass rainforests over time. In the scientific and public debate on ways to mitigate climate change, these forests have received attention for their ability to store large amounts of carbon (C), but the contribution of soil C stocks to the total C in these two ecosystems has not been systematically researched, and consequently, the potential of wet eucalypt forests to serve as long-term C sinks is uncertain. This study compared soil C stocks to 1 m depth at paired sites under rainforest and mixed forests and found that there was no detectable difference of mean total soil C between the two forest types, and on average, both contained about 200 Mg·ha−1 of C. Some C in subsoil under rainforests is 3000 years old and retains a chemical signature of pyrogenic C, detectable in NMR spectra, indicating that soil C stocks are buffered against the effects of forest succession. The mean loss of C in biomass as mixed forests transition to rainforests is estimated to be about 260 Mg·ha−1 over a c. 400-year period, so the mature mixed forest ecosystem emits about 0.65 Mg·ha−1·yr−1 of C during its transition to rainforest. For this reason and because of the risk of forest fires, setting aside large areas of wet eucalypt forests as reserves in order to increase landscape C storage is not a sound strategy for long-term climate change mitigation. Maintaining a mosaic of managed native forests, including regenerating eucalypts, mixed forests, rainforests, and reserves, is likely to be the best strategy for maintaining landscape C stocks. Numéro de notice : A2020-627 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1155/2020/6509659 Date de publication en ligne : 30/07/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6509659 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96030
in International journal of forestry research > vol 2020 [01/02/2020] . - 16 p.[article]Forest gaps retard carbon and nutrient release from twig litter in alpine forest ecosystems / Bo Tan in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 139 n° 1 (February 2020)
[article]
Titre : Forest gaps retard carbon and nutrient release from twig litter in alpine forest ecosystems Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Bo Tan, Auteur ; Jian Zhang, Auteur ; Wanqin Yang, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] azote
[Termes IGN] carbone
[Termes IGN] Chine
[Termes IGN] dégel
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] forêt alpestre
[Termes IGN] gelée
[Termes IGN] hiver
[Termes IGN] litière
[Termes IGN] nutriment végétal
[Termes IGN] phosphore
[Termes IGN] température au sol
[Vedettes matières IGN] BotaniqueRésumé : (auteur) Changes in soil microclimate driven by forest gaps have accelerated mass loss and carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) release from foliar litter in alpine forests ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear whether the same gap effect occurs in twig litter decomposition. A 4-year decomposition experiment was conducted in an alpine forest to explore the litter mass loss and C, N and P release among four gap treatments, including (1) closed canopy, (2) small gap ( Numéro de notice : A2020-229 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10342-019-01229-8 Date de publication en ligne : 12/09/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-019-01229-8 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94966
in European Journal of Forest Research > vol 139 n° 1 (February 2020)[article]The effects of different combinations of simulated climate change-related stressors on juveniles of seven forest tree species grown as mono-species and mixed cultures / Alfas Pliüra in Baltic forestry, vol 26 n° 1 ([01/02/2020])PermalinkDisturbance effects on soil carbon and greenhouse gas emissions in forest ecosystems / Scott X. Chang (2020)PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkA spatially explicit database of wind disturbances in European forests over the period 2000–2018 / Giovanni Forzieri in Earth System Science Data, vol 12 n° 1 (January 2020)PermalinkA systematic evaluation of influence of image selection process on remote sensing-based burn severity indices in North American boreal forest and tundra ecosystems / Dong Chen in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 159 (January 2020)PermalinkPermalinkImpact of deadwood decomposition on soil organic carbon sequestration in Estonian and Polish forests / Ewa Blonska in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 76 n° 4 (December 2019)PermalinkPhosphorus availability in relation to soil properties and forest productivity in Pinus sylvestris L. plantations / Teresa Bueis in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 76 n° 4 (December 2019)PermalinkSpatiotemporal variation in the relationship between boreal forest productivity proxies and climate data / Clémentine Ols in Dendrochronologia, vol 58 (December 2019)Permalink