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Influence of forest management activities on soil organic carbon stocks: A knowledge synthesis / Mathias Mayer in Forest ecology and management, Vol 466 (15 June 2020)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > Vol 466 (15 June 2020) . - 25 p. Titre : Influence of forest management activities on soil organic carbon stocks: A knowledge synthesis Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mathias Mayer, Auteur ; Cindy E. Prescott, Auteur ; Wafa E.A. Abaker, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 25 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] afforestation [Termes descripteurs IGN] azote [Termes descripteurs IGN] biomasse forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] changement d'occupation du sol [Termes descripteurs IGN] déchet organique [Termes descripteurs IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture) [Termes descripteurs IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt primaire [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt secondaire [Termes descripteurs IGN] gestion forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement mélangé [Termes descripteurs IGN] teneur en carbone [Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestière Résumé : (auteur) Almost half of the total organic carbon (C) in terrestrial ecosystems is stored in forest soils. By altering rates of input or release of C from soils, forest management activities can influence soil C stocks in forests. In this review, we synthesize current evidence regarding the influences of 13 common forest management practices on forest soil C stocks. Afforestation of former croplands generally increases soil C stocks, whereas on former grasslands and peatlands, soil C stocks are unchanged or even reduced following afforestation. The conversion of primary forests to secondary forests generally reduces soil C stocks, particularly if the land is converted to an agricultural land-use prior to reforestation. Harvesting, particularly clear-cut harvesting, generally results in a reduction in soil C stocks, particularly in the forest floor and upper mineral soil. Removal of residues by harvesting whole-trees and stumps negatively affects soil C stocks. Soil disturbance from site preparation decreases soil C stocks, particularly in the organic top soil, however improved growth of tree seedlings may outweigh soil C losses over a rotation. Nitrogen (N) addition has an overall positive effect on soil C stocks across a wide range of forest ecosystems. Likewise, higher stocks and faster accumulation of soil C occur under tree species with N-fixing associates. Stocks and accumulation rates of soil C also differ under different tree species, with coniferous species accumulating more C in the forest floor and broadleaved species tending to store more C in the mineral soil. There is some evidence that increased tree species diversity could positively affect soil C stocks in temperate and subtropical forests, but tree species identity, particularly N-fixing species, seems to have a stronger impact on soil C stocks than tree species diversity. Management of stand density and thinning have small effects on forest soil C stocks. In forests with high populations of ungulate herbivores, reduction in herbivory levels can increase soil C stocks. Removal of plant biomass for fodder and fuel is related to a reduction in the soil C stocks. Fire management practices such as prescribed burning reduce soil C stocks, but less so than wildfires which are more intense. For each practice, we identify existing gaps in knowledge and suggest research to address the gaps. Numéro de notice : A2020-288 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118127 date de publication en ligne : 08/04/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118127 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95113 [article]

Decreasing stand density favors resistance, resilience, and recovery of Quercus petraea trees to a severe drought, particularly on dry sites / Anna Schmitt in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 77 n° 2 (June 2020)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > Vol 77 n° 2 (June 2020) Titre : Decreasing stand density favors resistance, resilience, and recovery of Quercus petraea trees to a severe drought, particularly on dry sites Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Anna Schmitt, Auteur ; Raphaël Trouvé, Auteur ; Ingrid Seynave, Auteur ; François Lebourgeois, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] bilan hydrique [Termes descripteurs IGN] densité de la végétation [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement forestier [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus sessiliflora [Termes descripteurs IGN] résilience [Termes descripteurs IGN] sécheresse [Termes descripteurs IGN] sylviculture [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Key message: Decreasing stand density increases resistance, resilience, and recovery of Quercus petraea trees to severe drought (2003), particularly on dry sites, and the effect was independent of tree social status. Context: Controlling competition is an advocated strategy to modulate the response of trees to predicted changes in climate. Aims: We investigated the effects of stand density (low, medium, high; relative density index 0.20, 0.53, 1.04), social status (dominant, codominant, suppressed), and water balance (dry, mesic, wet; summer water balance − 182, − 126, − 96 mm) on the climate-growth relationships (1997–2012) and resistance (Rt), resilience (Rs), and recovery (Rc) following the 2003 drought. Methods: Basal area increments were collected by coring (269 trees) in young stands (28 ± 7.5 years in 2012) of sessile oak (Quercus petraea) in a French permanent network of silvicultural plots. Results: We showed that the climate-growth relationships depend on average site-level water balance with trees highly dependent on spring and summer droughts on dry and mesic sites and not at all on wet sites. Neither stand density nor social status modulated mean response to climate. Decreasing stand density increased Rt, Rs, and Rc particularly on dry sites. The effect was independent of tree social position within the stand. Conclusion: Reducing stand density mitigates more the effect of extreme drought events on drier sites than on wet sites. Numéro de notice : A2020-292 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-020-00959-9 date de publication en ligne : 26/05/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-020-00959-9 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95122 [article]

Monitoring clearcutting and subsequent rapid recovery in Mediterranean coppice forests with Landsat time series / Gherardo Chirici in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 77 n° 2 (June 2020)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > Vol 77 n° 2 (June 2020) Titre : Monitoring clearcutting and subsequent rapid recovery in Mediterranean coppice forests with Landsat time series Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Gherardo Chirici, Auteur ; Francesca Giannetti, Auteur ; Erica Mazza, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes descripteurs IGN] brûlis [Termes descripteurs IGN] canopée [Termes descripteurs IGN] coupe rase (sylviculture) [Termes descripteurs IGN] dégradation du signal [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt méditerranéenne [Termes descripteurs IGN] image Landsat [Termes descripteurs IGN] Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [Termes descripteurs IGN] reconstruction du signal [Termes descripteurs IGN] régénération (sylviculture) [Termes descripteurs IGN] série temporelle [Termes descripteurs IGN] taillis [Termes descripteurs IGN] télémètre laser aéroporté Résumé : (auteur) Key message: This work analyses the rate of recovery of the spectral signal from clearcut areas of coppice Mediterranean forests using Landsat Time Series (LTS). The analysis revealed a more rapid rate of spectral signal recovery than what was found in previous investigations in boreal and temperate forests. Context: The rate of post-disturbance vegetation recovery is an important component of forest dynamics. Aims: In this study, we analyze the recovery of the spectral signal from forest clearcut areas in Mediterranean conditions when the coppice system of forest management is applied. Methods: We used LTS surface reflectance data (1999–2015). We generated an annual reference database of clearcuts using visual interpretation and local forest inventory data, and then derived the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) spectral trajectories for these clearcuts. From these spectral trajectories, we calculated the Years to Recovery or Y2R, the number of years it takes for a pixel to return to within a specified threshold (i.e., 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%) of its pre-disturbance value. Spectral recovery rates were then corroborated using measures of canopy height derived from airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. Results: The coppice system is associated with rapid recovery rates when compared to rates of recovery from seeds or seedlings in temperate and boreal forest conditions. We found that the Y2R derived from the spectral trajectories of post-clearcut NBR and NDVI provided similar characterizations of rapid recovery for the coppice system of forest management applied in our study area. The ALS measures of canopy height indicated that the Y2R metric accurately captured the rapid regeneration of coppice systems. Conclusion: The rapid rate of spectral recovery associated with the coppice system is 2–4 years, which contrasts with values reported in boreal and temperate forest environments, where spectral recovery was attained in approximately 10 years. NBR is an effective index for assessing rapid recovery in this forest system. Numéro de notice : A2020-293 Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-020-00936-2 date de publication en ligne : 15/04/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-020-00936-2 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95123 [article]

Stand growth and structure of mixed-species and monospecific stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oak (Q. robur L., Quercus petraea (MATT.) LIEBL.) analysed along a productivity gradient through Europe / Hans Pretzsch in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 139 n° 3 (June 2020)  

Public [article]  inEuropean Journal of Forest Research > vol 139 n° 3 (June 2020) . - pp 349 - 367 Titre : Stand growth and structure of mixed-species and monospecific stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oak (Q. robur L., Quercus petraea (MATT.) LIEBL.) analysed along a productivity gradient through Europe Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Hans Pretzsch, Auteur ; Mathias Steckel, Auteur ; Miren del Rio, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 349 - 367 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] croissance végétale [Termes descripteurs IGN] données allométriques [Termes descripteurs IGN] Europe (géographie historique) [Termes descripteurs IGN] Europe (géographie politique) [Termes descripteurs IGN] hauteur à la base du houppier [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement mélangé [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus (genre) [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus pedunculata [Termes descripteurs IGN] rendement [Termes descripteurs IGN] structure d'un peuplement forestier [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) Past failures of monocultures, caused by wind-throw or insect damages, and ongoing climate change currently strongly stimulate research into mixed-species stands. So far, the focus has mainly been on combinations of species with obvious complementary functional traits. However, for any generalization, a broad overview of the mixing reactions of functionally different tree species in different mixing proportions, patterns and under different site conditions is needed, including assemblages of species with rather similar demands on resources such as light. Here, we studied the growth of Scots pine and oak in mixed versus monospecific stands on 36 triplets located along a productivity gradient across Europe, reaching from Sweden to Spain and from France to Georgia. The set-up represents a wide variation in precipitation (456–1250 mm year−1), mean annual temperature (6.7–11.5 °C) and drought index by de Martonne (21–63 mm °C−1). Stand inventories and increment cores of trees stemming from 40- to 132-year-old, fully stocked stands on 0.04–0.94-ha-sized plots provided insight into how species mixing modifies stand growth and structure compared with neighbouring monospecific stands. On average, the standing stem volume was 436 and 360 m3 ha−1 in the monocultures of Scots pine and oak, respectively, and 418 m3 ha−1 in the mixed stands. The corresponding periodical annual volume increment amounted to 10.5 and 9.1 m3 ha−1 year−1 in the monocultures and 10.5 m3 ha−1 year−1 in the mixed stands. Scots pine showed a 10% larger quadratic mean diameter (p  Numéro de notice : A2020-346 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10342-019-01233-y date de publication en ligne : 27/07/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-019-01233-y Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95227 [article]

Size-class structure of the forests of Finland during 1921–2013: a recovery from centuries of exploitation, guided by forest policies / Helena M. Henttonen in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 139 n° 2 (April 2020)  

Public [article]  inEuropean Journal of Forest Research > vol 139 n° 2 (April 2020) . - pp 279 – 293 Titre : Size-class structure of the forests of Finland during 1921–2013: a recovery from centuries of exploitation, guided by forest policies Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Helena M. Henttonen, Auteur ; Pekka Nöjd, Auteur ; Susanne Suvanto, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 279 – 293 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse diachronique [Termes descripteurs IGN] brûlis [Termes descripteurs IGN] densité de la végétation [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes descripteurs IGN] échantillonnage de données [Termes descripteurs IGN] Finlande [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt boréale [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Termes descripteurs IGN] paturage [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement forestier [Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea abies [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes descripteurs IGN] politique forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] sylviculture [Termes descripteurs IGN] utilisation du sol [Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestier Résumé : (auteur) Frequency distributions of tree diameters are a powerful tool for analyzing changes of tree populations in large areas. We analyzed the densities and mean volume estimates of trees in different size classes for the Finnish forests over the time-span of the National Forest Inventories (1921–2013). The results display a general increase in trees in all size classes, species group and geographical area, mainly after the 1970s. The densities of medium- and large-sized conifers showed large increases in the southern boreal subzone, spruces even more than pines. Small- to medium-sized pines have increased in the middle and northern boreal subzones. The shifts in growing stock are related to changing land use, resulting from the development of the society. The low quantities of both growing stock and large trees during the 1920s reflect a poor initial state of forests. Several land use forms of the former agriculture-based society were detrimental to forests, including slash and burn agriculture, cattle grazing and tar production. The pressure from alternative land use forms was stronger in southern Finland, where the population density (people per km2) is much higher. Between 1971 and 2013, the changes in size-class structure can be attributed mainly to intensified silviculture boosted by actions of the Finnish governments, including both legislation and financial support for management activities. Not only the development of growing stock has exceeded expectations, but the increase has also concentrated in the economically valuable trees in the large size classes. Numéro de notice : A2020-344 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10342-019-01241-y date de publication en ligne : 27/11/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-019-01241-y Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95224 [article]

Can mixed pine forests conserve understory richness by improving the establishment of understory species typical of native oak forests? / Daphne Lopez-Marcos in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 77 n° 1 (March 2020)  

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Effects of Quercus rubra L. on soil properties and humus forms in 50-year-old and 80-year-old forest stands of Lombardy plain / Chiara Ferré in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 77 n° 1 (March 2020)  

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Artificial neural network models by ALOS PALSAR data for aboveground stand carbon predictions of pure beech stands: a case study from northern of Turkey / Alkan Günlü in Geocarto international, Vol 35 n° 1 ([02/01/2020])  

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Predicting carbon accumulation in temperate forests of Ontario, Canada using a LiDAR-initialized growth-and-yield model / Paulina T. Marczak in Remote sensing, vol 12 n°1 (January 2020)  

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Potential of UAV photogrammetry for characterization of forest canopy structure in uneven-aged mixed conifer–broadleaf forests / Sadeepa Jayathunga in International Journal of Remote Sensing IJRS, vol 41 n° 1 (01 - 08 janvier 2020)  

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How do trees respond to species mixing in experimental compared to observational studies? / Stephan Kambach in Ecology and Evolution, vol 9 n° 19 (October 2019)  

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Mapping dead forest cover using a deep convolutional neural network and digital aerial photography / Jean-Daniel Sylvain in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 156 (October 2019)  

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The utility of terrestrial photogrammetry for assessment of tree volume and taper in boreal mixedwood forests / Christopher Mulverhill in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019)  

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Two contemporary and efficient two-stage sampling methods for estimating the volume of forest stands: a brief overview and unified mathematical description / Aristeidis Georgakis in Open journal of forestry, vol 9 n° 3 (July 2019)  

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A general method for the classification of forest stands using species composition and vertical and horizontal structure / Miquel de Cáceres in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 76 n° 2 (June 2019)  

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