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Search for top‐down and bottom‐up drivers of latitudinal trends in insect herbivory in oak trees in Europe / Elena Valdés-Correcher in Global ecology and biogeography, vol 30 n° inconnu (2021)  

Public [article]  inGlobal ecology and biogeography > vol 30 n° inconnu (2021) Titre : Search for top‐down and bottom‐up drivers of latitudinal trends in insect herbivory in oak trees in Europe Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Elena Valdés-Correcher, Auteur ; Xoaquín Moreira, Auteur ; Laurent Augusto, Auteur ; Luc Barbaro, Auteur ; Christophe Bouget, Auteur ; Olivier Bouriaud , Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Projets : 2-Pas d'info accessible - article non ouvert / Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] biochimie [Termes descripteurs IGN] dommage forestier causé par facteurs naturels [Termes descripteurs IGN] Europe (géographie politique) [Termes descripteurs IGN] feuille (végétation) [Termes descripteurs IGN] oiseau [Termes descripteurs IGN] Quercus pedunculata [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Aim : The strength of species interactions is traditionally expected to increase toward the Equator. However, recent studies have reported opposite or inconsistent latitudinal trends in the bottom‐up (plant quality) and top‐down (natural enemies) forces driving herbivory. In addition, these forces have rarely been studied together thus limiting previous attempts to understand the effect of large‐scale climatic gradients on herbivory. Location : Europe. Time period : 2018–2019. Major taxa studied : Quercus robur. Methods : We simultaneously tested for latitudinal variation in plant–herbivore–natural enemy interactions. We further investigated the underlying climatic factors associated with variation in herbivory, leaf chemistry and attack rates in Quercus robur across its complete latitudinal range in Europe. We quantified insect leaf damage and the incidence of specialist herbivores as well as leaf chemistry and bird attack rates on dummy caterpillars on 261 oak trees. Results : Climatic factors rather than latitude per se were the best predictors of the large‐scale (geographical) variation in the incidence of gall‐inducers and leaf‐miners as well as in leaf nutritional content. However, leaf damage, plant chemical defences (leaf phenolics) and bird attack rates were not influenced by climatic factors or latitude. The incidence of leaf‐miners increased with increasing concentrations of hydrolysable tannins, whereas the incidence of gall‐inducers increased with increasing leaf soluble sugar concentration and decreased with increasing leaf C : N ratios and lignins. However, leaf traits and bird attack rates did not vary with leaf damage. Main conclusions : These findings help to refine our understanding of the bottom‐up and top‐down mechanisms driving geographical variation in plant–herbivore interactions, and indicate the need for further examination of the drivers of herbivory on trees. Numéro de notice : A2021-066 Affiliation des auteurs : LIF+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/geb.13244 date de publication en ligne : 31/12/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13244 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96970 [article]

Is Xylella fastidiosa a serious threat to European forests? / Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 94 n° 1 (January 2021)  

Public [article]  inForestry, an international journal of forest research > vol 94 n° 1 (January 2021) . - pp 1 - 17 Titre : Is Xylella fastidiosa a serious threat to European forests? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau, Auteur ; Yialmaz Balci, Auteur ; Daniele Cornara, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 1 - 17 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] Acer pseudoplatanus [Termes descripteurs IGN] Amérique du nord [Termes descripteurs IGN] dépérissement [Termes descripteurs IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes descripteurs IGN] Europe (géographie politique) [Termes descripteurs IGN] Italie [Termes descripteurs IGN] maladie bactérienne [Termes descripteurs IGN] Olea europaea [Termes descripteurs IGN] Quercus (genre) [Termes descripteurs IGN] Ulmus (genre) [Termes descripteurs IGN] viticulture [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) The recent emergence of Olive Quick Decline Syndrome in Italy, caused by Xylella fastidiosa, has drawn attention to the risks posed by this vector-borne bacterium to important crops in Europe (especially fruit trees and grapevine). Comparatively very little is known on actual and potential impacts of this pathogen in forests, in the native (North American) and introduced (European) regions, respectively. The present review aims to address important questions related to the threat posed by X. fastidiosa to European forests, such as the following: What are the symptoms, hosts and impact of bacterial leaf scorch caused by X. fastidiosa on trees in North America? Which forest tree species have been found infected in the introduction area in Europe? How does X. fastidiosa cause disease in susceptible hosts? Are there any X. fastidiosa genotypes (subspecies and sequence types) specifically associated with forest trees? How is X. fastidiosa transmitted? What are the known and potential vectors for forest trees? How does vector ecology affect disease? Is the distribution of X. fastidiosa, especially the strains associated with trees, restricted by climatic factors? Is disease risk for trees different in forest ecosystems as compared with urban settings? We conclude by pointing to important knowledge gaps related to all these questions and strongly advocate for more research about the Xylella-forest pathosystems, in both North America and Europe. Numéro de notice : A2021-072 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1093/forestry/cpaa029 date de publication en ligne : 06/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpaa029 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96805 [article]

Norway Spruce Seedlings from an Eastern Baltic Provenance Show Tolerance to Simulated Drought / Roberts Matisons in Forests, vol 12 n° 1 (January 2021)  

Public [article]  inForests > vol 12 n° 1 (January 2021) . - n° 82 Titre : Norway Spruce Seedlings from an Eastern Baltic Provenance Show Tolerance to Simulated Drought Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Roberts Matisons, Auteur ; Oskars Krišāns, Auteur ; Aris Jansons, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 82 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] adaptation (biologie) [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse de sensibilité [Termes descripteurs IGN] chlorophylle [Termes descripteurs IGN] état du sol [Termes descripteurs IGN] irrigation [Termes descripteurs IGN] Lettonie [Termes descripteurs IGN] photosynthèse [Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea abies [Termes descripteurs IGN] sécheresse [Termes descripteurs IGN] stress hydrique [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) In Northern Europe, an increase in heterogeneity of summer precipitation regime will subject forests to water deficit and drought. This is particularly topical for Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.), which is a drought sensitive, yet economically important species. Nevertheless, local populations still might be highly plastic and tolerant, supporting their commercial application. Accordingly, the tolerance of Norway spruce seedlings from an Eastern Baltic provenance (western part of Latvia) to artificial drought according to soil type was assessed in a shelter experiment. To simulate drought, seedlings were subjected to reduced amounts (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) of naturally occurring precipitation (irrigation intensity). Three soil types (oligotrophic mineral, mesotrophic mineral, and peat) were tested. Seedling height, chlorophyll a concentration, and fluorescence parameters were measured. Both growth and photochemical reactions were affected by the irrigation intensity, the effect of which experienced an interacted with soil type, implying complex controls of drought sensitivity. Seedlings were more sensitive to irrigation intensity on mesotrophic mineral soil, as suggested by growth and photosynthetic activity. However, the responses were nonlinear, as the highest performance (growth and fluorescence parameters) of seedlings occurred in response to intermediate drought. On peat soil, which had the highest water-bearing capacity, an inverse response to irrigation intensity was observed. In general, fluorescence parameters were more sensitive and showed more immediate reaction to soil water deficit than concentration of chlorophyll on mesotrophic mineral and peat soils, while the latter was a better indicator of seedling performance on oligotrophic soil. This indicated considerable plastic acclimation and hence tolerance of seedlings from the local Norway spruce population to drought, though drought sensitivity is age-dependent. Numéro de notice : A2021-145 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/f12010082 date de publication en ligne : 14/01/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f12010082 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97048 [article]

Topographic, edaphic and climate influences on aspen (Populus tremuloides) drought stress on an intermountain bunchgrass prairie / Andrew Neary in Forest ecology and management, vol 479 ([01/01/2021])  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 479 [01/01/2021] . - 12 p. Titre : Topographic, edaphic and climate influences on aspen (Populus tremuloides) drought stress on an intermountain bunchgrass prairie Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Andrew Neary, Auteur ; Ricardo Mata-González, Auteur ; Heidi Schmalz, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : 12 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse de sensibilité [Termes descripteurs IGN] climat [Termes descripteurs IGN] écophysiologie [Termes descripteurs IGN] état du sol [Termes descripteurs IGN] facteur édaphique [Termes descripteurs IGN] hauteur des arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] humidité du sol [Termes descripteurs IGN] manteau neigeux [Termes descripteurs IGN] Oregon (Etats-Unis) [Termes descripteurs IGN] Poaceae [Termes descripteurs IGN] Populus tremuloides [Termes descripteurs IGN] prairie [Termes descripteurs IGN] série temporelle [Termes descripteurs IGN] stress hydrique [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Quaking aspen, Populus tremuloides, has experienced severe declines in recent years in part due to the effects of changing climate and extreme drought. This study set out to investigate these effects by assessing associations of climatic, edaphic and topographic variables with physiological drought stress in aspen. The study took place on the Zumwalt Prairie in northeastern Oregon, a semi-arid bunchgrass prairie where aspen occur in isolated stands associated with riparian areas and late-season persistence of snow drifts. Using a 33-year time series of Landsat imagery to detect associations of aspen stands late-season snow cover and field measurements of soil moisture in aspen stands during 2017, we found while snow dominated stands were associated with greater soil moisture during spring, levels had equilibrated to those of other upland stands by summer. Measurements of predawn and midday stem Ψ in multiple height classes of aspen ramets revealed associations of both shallow soil moisture and vapor pressure deficit with physiological drought stress in aspen. Analysis of soil texture class revealed an important association with midday stem Ψ, with finer textured soils associated with decreased stem Ψ in comparison to coarser textured soils. While neither topographical characteristics nor snow cover were found to be important drivers of drought stress, topographical curvature was found to have a strong influence on summer soil moisture in upland stands. These findings contribute to our understanding of aspen physiology, drought ecology and landscape hydrology toward the xeric margin of aspen’s range. This information can help land managers anticipate and adapt to changing climates and understand their effects on key plant species such as aspen. Numéro de notice : A2021-001 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118530 date de publication en ligne : 08/09/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118530 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96028 [article]

Turgor – a limiting factor for radial growth in mature conifers along an elevational gradient / Richard L. Peters in New phytologist, vol 229 n° 1 (January 2021)  

Public [article]  inNew phytologist > vol 229 n° 1 (January 2021) . - pp 213 - 229 Titre : Turgor – a limiting factor for radial growth in mature conifers along an elevational gradient Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Richard L. Peters, Auteur ; Kathy Steppe, Auteur ; Henri E. Cuny , Auteur ; Dirk J.W. de Pauw, Auteur ; David Frank, Auteur ; Marcus Schaub, Auteur ; Cyrille B.K. Rathgeber, Auteur ; Antoine Cabon, Auteur ; Patrick Fonti, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Projets : 3-projet - voir note / Article en page(s) : pp 213 - 229 Note générale : bibliographie Funding information : COST Action network. Grant Number: STReESS/FP1106 -&- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung. Grant Numbers: CLIMWOOD/160077, Early Postdoc.Mobility/P2BSP3_184475, LOTFOR/150205 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] cerne [Termes descripteurs IGN] changement climatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] croissance végétale [Termes descripteurs IGN] gradient [Termes descripteurs IGN] gradient de pente [Termes descripteurs IGN] Larix decidua [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de croissance [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea abies [Termes descripteurs IGN] pinophyta [Termes descripteurs IGN] puits de carbone [Termes descripteurs IGN] sécheresse [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) A valid representation of intra‐annual wood formation processes in global vegetation models is vital for assessing climate change impacts on the forest carbon stock. Yet, wood formation is generally modelled with photosynthesis, despite mounting evidence that cambial activity is rather directly constrained by limiting environmental factors. Here, we apply a state‐of‐the‐art turgor‐driven growth model to simulate 4 yr of hourly stem radial increment from Picea abies (L.) Karst. and Larix decidua Mill. growing along an elevational gradient. For the first time, wood formation observations were used to validate weekly to annual stem radial increment simulations, while environmental measurements were used to assess the climatic constraints on turgor‐driven growth. Model simulations matched the observed timing and dynamics of wood formation. Using the detailed model outputs, we identified a strict environmental regulation on stem growth (air temperature > 2°C and soil water potential > −0.6 MPa). Warmer and drier summers reduced the growth rate as a result of turgor limitation despite warmer temperatures being favourable for cambial activity. These findings suggest that turgor is a central driver of the forest carbon sink and should be considered in next‐generation vegetation models, particularly in the context of global warming and increasing frequency of droughts. Numéro de notice : A2021-063 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/nph.16872 date de publication en ligne : 07/12/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16872 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96863 [article]

Reply to Elmendorf and Ettinger: Photoperiod plays a dominant and irreplaceable role in triggering secondary growth resumption / Jian-Guo Huang in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America PNAS, vol 117 n° 52 (December 2020)  

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Climate sensitive single tree growth modeling using a hierarchical Bayes approach and integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLA) for a distributed lag model / Arne Nothdurft in Forest ecology and management, vol 478 ([15/12/2020])  

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Bioclimatic modeling of potential vegetation types as an alternative to species distribution models for projecting plant species shifts under changing climates / Robert E. Keane in Forest ecology and management, vol 477 ([01/12/2020])  

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Competition overrides climate as trigger of growth decline in a mixed Fagaceae Mediterranean rear-edge forest / Alvaro Rubio-Cuadrado in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 77 n° 4 (December 2020)  

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Does recent fire activity impact fire-related traits of Pinus halepensis Mill. and Pinus sylvestris L. in the French Mediterranean area? / Bastien Romero in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 77 n° 4 (December 2020)  

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The crown condition of Norway spruce and occurrence of symptoms caused by Armillaria spp. in mixed stands / Petr Čermák in Journal of forest science, vol 66 n° 12 (December 2020)  

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Recent growth trends of conifers across Western Europe are controlled by thermal and water constraints and favored by forest heterogeneity / Clémentine Ols in Science of the total environment, vol 742 ([10/11/2020])  

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Analysis of the effect of climate warming on paludification processes: Will soil conditions limit the adaptation of Northern boreal forests to climate change? A synthesis / Ahmed Laamrani in Forests, vol 11 n°11 (November 2020)  

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Spatio-temporal evolution, future trend and phenology regularity of net primary productivity of forests in Northeast China / Chunli Wang in Remote sensing, vol 12 n° 21 (November 2020)  

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Chloroplast haplotypes of Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) stands in Germany suggest their origin from Northeastern Canada / Jeremias Götz in Forests, vol 11 n° 9 (September 2020)  

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