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Adding tree rings to North America's national forest inventories: An essential tool to guide drawdown of atmospheric CO2 / Margaret E.K. Evans in BioScience, vol 72 n° 3 (March 2022)  

Public [article]  inBioScience > vol 72 n° 3 (March 2022) . - pp 233 - 246 Titre : Adding tree rings to North America's national forest inventories: An essential tool to guide drawdown of atmospheric CO2 Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Margaret E.K. Evans, Auteur ; R. Justin DeRose, Auteur ; Stefan Klesse, Auteur ; Martin P. Girardin, Auteur ; Kelly A. Heilman, Auteur ; M. Ross Alexander, Auteur ; André Arsenault, Auteur ; Flurin Babst, Auteur ; Mathieu Bouchard, Auteur ; Sean M. P. Cahoon, Auteur ; Elisabeth M. Campbell, Auteur ; Michael Dietze, Auteur ; Louis Duchesne, Auteur ; David Frank, Auteur ; Courtney L. Giebink, Auteur ; Armando Gómez-Guerrero, Auteur ; Genaro Gutiérrez García, Auteur ; Edward H. Hogg, Auteur ; Juha Metsaranta, Auteur ; Clémentine Ols , Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Projets : ARBRE / AgroParisTech, LUE / Université de Lorraine Article en page(s) : pp 233 - 246 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Amérique du nord [Termes IGN] cerne [Termes IGN] dendrochronologie [Termes IGN] dioxyde de carbone [Termes IGN] gaz à effet de serre [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Tree-ring time series provide long-term, annually resolved information on the growth of trees. When sampled in a systematic context, tree-ring data can be scaled to estimate the forest carbon capture and storage of landscapes, biomes, and—ultimately—the globe. A systematic effort to sample tree rings in national forest inventories would yield unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution of forest carbon dynamics and help resolve key scientific uncertainties, which we highlight in terms of evidence for forest greening (enhanced growth) versus browning (reduced growth, increased mortality). We describe jump-starting a tree-ring collection across the continent of North America, given the commitments of Canada, the United States, and Mexico to visit forest inventory plots, along with existing legacy collections. Failing to do so would be a missed opportunity to help chart an evidence-based path toward meeting national commitments to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions, urgently needed for climate stabilization and repair. Numéro de notice : A2022-031 Affiliation des auteurs : LIF+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1093/biosci/biab119 Date de publication en ligne : 08/12/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biab119 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99282 [article]

Observational constraint on the climate sensitivity to atmospheric CO2 concentrations changes derived from the 1971-2017 global energy budget / Jonathan Chenal in Journal of climate, vol 2022 ([01/03/2022])  

Public [article]  inJournal of climate > vol 2022 [01/03/2022] . - 49 p. Titre : Observational constraint on the climate sensitivity to atmospheric CO2 concentrations changes derived from the 1971-2017 global energy budget Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jonathan Chenal , Auteur ; Benoit Meyssignac, Auteur ; Aurélien Ribes, Auteur ; Robin Guillaume-Castel, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : 49 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Environnement [Termes IGN] analyse diachronique [Termes IGN] atmosphère terrestre [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] dioxyde de carbone [Termes IGN] énergie [Termes IGN] gaz à effet de serre [Termes IGN] incertitude des données [Termes IGN] régression Résumé : (auteur) The estimate of the historical effective climate sensitivity (histeffCS) is revisited with updated historical observations of the global energy budget in order to derive an observational constraint on the effective sensitivity of climate to CO2 (CO2effCS). A regression method based on observations of the energy budget over 1971-2017 is used to estimate the histeffCS (4.34 [2.17;22.83] K, median and 5-95% range). Then, climate model simulations are used to evaluate the distance between the histeffCS and the CO2effCS. The observational estimate of the histeffCS and the distance between the histeffCS and the CO2effCS are combined to derive an observational constraint on CO2effCS of 5.46 [2.40;35.61] K. The main sources of uncertainty in the CO2effCS estimate comes from the uncertainty in aerosol forcing and in the top of the atmosphere energy imbalance. Further uncertainty arises from the pattern effect correction estimated from climate models. There is confidence in the lower end of the 5-95% range derived from our method as it relies only on reliable recent data and it makes full use of the observational record since 1971. This important result suggests that observations of the global energy budget since 1971 are poorly consistent with climate sensitivity to CO2 below 2.4 K. Unfortunately, the upper end of the 5-95% range derived from the regression method is above 30 K. It means that the observational constraint derived from observations of the global energy budget since 1971 is too weak (i.e. the uncertainty is too large) to provide any relevant information on the credibility of high CO2effCS. Numéro de notice : A2022-322 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/GEOMATIQUE/SOCIETE NUMERIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0565.1 Date de publication en ligne : 14/03/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0565.1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100149 [article]

CO2 fertilization, transpiration deficit and vegetation period drive the response of mixed broadleaved forests to a changing climate in Wallonia / Louis de Wergifosse in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020) . - 23 p. Titre : CO2 fertilization, transpiration deficit and vegetation period drive the response of mixed broadleaved forests to a changing climate in Wallonia Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Louis de Wergifosse, Auteur ; Frédéric André, Auteur ; Hugues Goosse, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 23 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] dioxyde de carbone [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] émission de gaz [Termes IGN] évapotranspiration [Termes IGN] forêt de feuillus [Termes IGN] gaz à effet de serre [Termes IGN] modèle de croissance végétale [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes IGN] production primaire brute [Termes IGN] stress hydrique [Termes IGN] Wallonie (Belgique) [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Key message: The change in forest productivity was simulated in six stands in Wallonia (Belgium) following different climate scenarios using a process-based and spatially explicit tree growth model. Simulations revealed a strong and positive impact of the CO 2 fertilization while the negative effect of the transpiration deficit was compensated by longer vegetation periods. The site modulated significantly the forest productivity, mainly through the stand and soil characteristics. Context: Forest net primary production (NPP) reflects forest vitality and is likely to be affected by climate change. Aims: Simulating the impact of changing environmental conditions on NPP and two of its main drivers (transpiration deficit and vegetation period) in six Belgian stands and decomposing the site effect. Methods: Based on the tree growth model HETEROFOR, simulations were performed for each stand between 2011 and 2100 using three climate scenarios and two CO2 modalities (constant vs time dependent). Then, the climate conditions, soils and stands were interchanged to decompose the site effect in these three components. Results: In a changing climate with constant atmospheric CO2, NPP values remained constant due to a compensation of the negative effect of increased transpiration deficit by a positive impact of longer vegetation periods. With time-dependent atmospheric CO2, NPP substantially increased, especially for the scenarios with higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. For both atmospheric CO2 modalities, the site characteristics modulated the temporal trends and accounted in total for 56 to 73% of the variability. Conclusion: Long-term changes in NPP were primarily driven by CO2 fertilization, reinforced transpiration deficit, longer vegetation periods and the site characteristics. Numéro de notice : A2020-594 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-020-00966-w Date de publication en ligne : 14/07/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-020-00966-w Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95932 [article]

Global Climate [in “State of the Climate in 2019"] / A. Ades in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol 101 n° 8 (August 2020)  

Public [article]  inBulletin of the American Meteorological Society > vol 101 n° 8 (August 2020) . - pp S9 - S128 Titre : Global Climate [in “State of the Climate in 2019"] Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : A. Ades, Auteur ; R. Adler, Auteur ; et al., Auteur ; Olivier Bock , Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Projets : 1-Pas de projet / Université de Lorraine Article en page(s) : pp S9 - S128 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Atmosphère [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] circulation atmosphérique [Termes IGN] climat terrestre [Termes IGN] cryosphère [Termes IGN] données météorologiques [Termes IGN] gaz à effet de serre [Termes IGN] humidité de l'air [Termes IGN] humidité du sol [Termes IGN] précipitation [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] température de l'air Résumé : (auteur) [introduction] The assessments and analyses presented in this chapter focus predominantly on the measured differences of climate and weather observables from previous conditions, years, and decades to place 2019 in context. Many of these differences have direct impacts on people, for example, their health and environment, as well as the wider biosphere, but are beyond the scope of these analyses. For the last few State of the Climate reports, an update on the number of warmer-than-average years has held no surprises, and this year is again no different. The year 2019 was among the three warmest years since records began in the mid-to-late 1800s. Only 2016, and for some datasets 2015, were warmer than 2019; all years after 2013 have been warmer than all others back to the mid-1800s. Each decade since 1980 has been successively warmer than the preceding decade, with the most recent (2010–19) being around 0.2°C warmer than the previous (2000–09). This warming of the land and ocean surface is reflected across the globe. For example, lake and permafrost temperatures have increased; glaciers have continued to lose mass, becoming thinner for the 32nd consecutive year, with the majority also becoming shorter during 2019. The period during which Northern Hemisphere (NH) lakes were covered in ice was seven days shorter than the 1981–2010 long-term average, based on in situ phenological records. There were fewer cool extremes and more warm extremes on land; regions including Europe, Japan, Pakistan, and India all experienced heat waves. More strong than moderate marine heat waves were recorded for the sixth consecutive year. And in Australia (discussed in more detail in section 7h4), moisture deficits and prolonged high temperatures led to severe impacts during late austral spring and summer, including devastating wildfires. Smoke from these wildfires was detected across large parts of the Southern Hemisphere (SH). [...] Numéro de notice : A2020-798 Affiliation des auteurs : UMR IPGP-Géod+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0104.1 Date de publication en ligne : 12/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0104.1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96582 [article]

What Is threatening forests in protected areas? A global assessment of deforestation in protected areas, 2001–2018 / Christopher M. Wade in Forests, vol 11 n° 5 (May 2020)  

Public [article]  inForests > vol 11 n° 5 (May 2020) . - 14 p. Titre : What Is threatening forests in protected areas? A global assessment of deforestation in protected areas, 2001–2018 Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Christopher M. Wade, Auteur ; Kemen G. Austin, Auteur ; James Cajka, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 14 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] aire protégée [Termes IGN] Amérique du nord [Termes IGN] analyse diachronique [Termes IGN] arbuste [Termes IGN] biodiversité [Termes IGN] Brésil [Termes IGN] Congo [Termes IGN] couvert forestier [Termes IGN] déboisement [Termes IGN] gaz à effet de serre [Termes IGN] habitat forestier [Termes IGN] indicateur de service écosystémique [Termes IGN] Indonésie [Termes IGN] protection des forêts [Termes IGN] risque environnemental [Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestière Résumé : (auteur) The protection of forests is crucial to providing important ecosystem services, such as supplying clean air and water, safeguarding critical habitats for biodiversity, and reducing global greenhouse gas emissions. Despite this importance, global forest loss has steadily increased in recent decades. Protected Areas (PAs) currently account for almost 15% of Earth’s terrestrial surface and protect 5% of global tree cover and were developed as a principal approach to limit the impact of anthropogenic activities on natural, intact ecosystems and habitats. We assess global trends in forest loss inside and outside of PAs, and land cover following this forest loss, using a global map of tree cover loss and global maps of land cover. While forests in PAs experience loss at lower rates than non-protected forests, we find that the temporal trend of forest loss in PAs is markedly similar to that of all forest loss globally. We find that forest loss in PAs is most commonly—and increasingly—followed by shrubland, a broad category that could represent re-growing forest, agricultural fallows, or pasture lands in some regional contexts. Anthropogenic forest loss for agriculture is common in some regions, particularly in the global tropics, while wildfires, pests, and storm blowdown are a significant and consistent cause of forest loss in more northern latitudes, such as the United States, Canada, and Russia. Our study describes a process for screening tree cover loss and agriculture expansion taking place within PAs, and identification of priority targets for further site-specific assessments of threats to PAs. We illustrate an approach for more detailed assessment of forest loss in four case study PAs in Brazil, Indonesia, Democratic Republic of Congo, and the United States. Numéro de notice : A2020-655 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/f11050539 Date de publication en ligne : 12/05/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f11050539 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96119 [article]

Filière forêt-bois et atténuation du changement climatique / Alice Roux (2020)  

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The forestry & wood sector and climatic change mitigation / Alice Roux (2020)  

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Can forest structural diversity be a response to anthropogenic stress? A case study in old-growth fir Abies alba Mill. stands / Rafał Podlaski in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 75 n° 4 (December 2018)  

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Biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning in a 15-year grassland experiment: patterns, mechanisms, and open questions / Wolfgang W. Weisser in Basic and Applied Ecology, vol 23 (September 2017)  

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Minimizing construction emissions using Building Information Modeling and Decision-Making techniques / Mohamed Marzouk in International journal of 3-D information modeling, vol 6 n° 2 (April-June 2017)  

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Les sols forestiers, puits de méthane : un service écosystémique méconnu / Daniel Epron in Revue forestière française [en ligne], vol 68 n° 4 (juillet 2016)  

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An inventory of the above ground biomass in the Mau Forest Ecosystem, Kenya / Mwangi James Kinyanjui in Open journal of forestry, vol 4 n° 10 (July 2014)  

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Numéro spécial - mars 2009 - Le bois énergie (Bulletin de Pollution atmosphérique) / Jean-Marie Rambaud  

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Rapport de la conférence des experts et de la table ronde sur la contribution Climat et Energie / Michel Rocard (juillet 2009)    

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2007 : la forêt au coeur des discussions sur le changement climatique / Marianne Rubio in Rendez-vous techniques, n° 20 (mai 2008)

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