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scientifique

Forests attenuate temperature and air pollution discomfort in montane tourist areas / Elena Gottardini in Forests, vol 14 n° 3 (March 2023)  

Public [article]  inForests > vol 14 n° 3 (March 2023) . - n° 545 Titre : Forests attenuate temperature and air pollution discomfort in montane tourist areas Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Elena Gottardini, Auteur ; Fabiana Cristofolini, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : n° 545 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] bien-être collectif [Termes IGN] forêt alpestre [Termes IGN] Italie [Termes IGN] pollution atmosphérique [Termes IGN] qualité de l'air [Termes IGN] service écosystémique [Termes IGN] température de l'air [Termes IGN] tourisme [Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestière Résumé : (auteur) Forests deliver many ecosystem services, from provisioning to regulating and cultural services. We aimed at demonstrating microclimatic regulation and pollutant removal as especially relevant ecosystem services when considering the tourism vocation of the Alpine regions. A study was realized along an altitudinal gradient (900–1600 m a.s.l.) in Trentino, northern Italy, an area with high touristic presence (ca. 9.3 million overnight stays in summer 2021). Nitrogen dioxide (NO2, µg m−3), ozone (O3, µg m−3) concentrations, air temperature (T, °C), and relative humidity (RH, %) were simultaneously measured in three open-field sites (OF) and below-canopy Norway spruce forest stands (FO) during the period 23 May–7 August 2013. The temperature–humidity index (THI) was calculated. We found a distinct mitigating effect of forest on T, with lower maximum (−30.6%) and higher minimum values (+6.3%) in FO than in OF. THI supported a higher comfort sensation in FO than in OF, especially in the central part of the day. NO2 concentrations did not differ between OF and FO; ozone concentrations were lower in FO than OF. This study confirms the role of forests in providing several ecosystem services beneficial for forest users, especially relevant for promoting nature-based tourism in the Alpine region. Numéro de notice : A2023-168 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/f14030545 Date de publication en ligne : 10/03/2023 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f14030545 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102905 [article]

Emotional cartography as a window into children's well-being: Visualizing the felt geographies of place / Andrew Steger in Emotion, Space and Society, vol 39 (May 2021)  

Public [article]  inEmotion, Space and Society > vol 39 (May 2021) . - n° 100772 Titre : Emotional cartography as a window into children's well-being: Visualizing the felt geographies of place Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Andrew Steger, Auteur ; Elly Evans, Auteur ; Bryan Wee, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 100772 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] bien-être collectif [Termes IGN] cartographie sensible [Termes IGN] émotion [Termes IGN] enfant [Termes IGN] épidémie [Termes IGN] maladie virale [Termes IGN] sentiment [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique [Vedettes matières IGN] Géovisualisation Résumé : (auteur) More often than not, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) excludes emotion and qualitative analysis from studies of people-place relationships in favor of quantitative approaches. We employ emotional cartography as a form of qualitative GIS (qualGIS) to elevate emotions from the periphery to the center of dialogue about children's well-being. We highlight the ontological parallels between qualGIS, emotional cartography and children in society, and advance emotion maps as a way to visualize different spatial and emotional realities. In reflecting upon the felt geography of our own childhood places, we affirm the importance of children's emotional attachments to places as well as the centrality of ‘messy’ human experiences in GIS. To conclude, we discuss the implications of emotional cartography for researchers, planners and GIS, paying special attention to children's well-being amidst the current COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, this includes a call to ‘witness’ and to foster spatial empathy among those advocating for children. Numéro de notice : A2021-949 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.emospa.2021.100772 Date de publication en ligne : 08/02/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emospa.2021.100772 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99769 [article]

Artificial intelligence for a better future / Bernd Carsten Stahl (2021)  

Public Titre : Artificial intelligence for a better future : An Ecosystem Perspective on the Ethics of AI and Emerging Digital Technologies Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Bernd Carsten Stahl, Auteur Editeur : Manchester [Royaume-Uni] : Manchester University Press Année de publication : 2021 Collection : European Research Council Importance : 128 p. Format : 16 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-030-69978-9 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Intelligence artificielle [Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique [Termes IGN] bien-être collectif [Termes IGN] droit [Termes IGN] édition en libre accès [Termes IGN] éthique [Termes IGN] règle Résumé : (éditeur) This open access book proposes a novel approach to Artificial Intelligence (AI) ethics. AI offers many advantages: better and faster medical diagnoses, improved business processes and efficiency, and the automation of boring work. But undesirable and ethically problematic consequences are possible too: biases and discrimination, breaches of privacy and security, and societal distortions such as unemployment, economic exploitation and weakened democratic processes. There is even a prospect, ultimately, of super-intelligent machines replacing humans. The key question, then, is: how can we benefit from AI while addressing its ethical problems? This book presents an innovative answer to the question by presenting a different perspective on AI and its ethical consequences. Instead of looking at individual AI techniques, applications or ethical issues, we can understand AI as a system of ecosystems, consisting of numerous interdependent technologies, applications and stakeholders. Developing this idea, the book explores how AI ecosystems can be shaped to foster human flourishing. Drawing on rich empirical insights and detailed conceptual analysis, it suggests practical measures to ensure that AI is used to make the world a better place. Note de contenu : Introduction 1- Perspectives on artificial intelligence 2- Concepts of ethics and their application to AI 3- Ethical issues of AI 4- Addressing ethical issues in AI 5- AI ecosystems for human flourishing: The background 6- AI ecosystems for human flourishing: The recommendations Conclusion Numéro de notice : 28321 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : INFORMATIQUE Nature : Monographie DOI : 10.1007/978-3-030-69978-9 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69978-9 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98275

Mapping urban grey and green structures for liveable cities using a 3D enhanced OBIA approach and vital statistics / E. Banzhaf in Geocarto international, vol 35 n° 6 ([01/05/2020])  

Public [article]  inGeocarto international > vol 35 n° 6 [01/05/2020] . - pp 623 - 640 Titre : Mapping urban grey and green structures for liveable cities using a 3D enhanced OBIA approach and vital statistics Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : E. Banzhaf, Auteur ; H. Kollai, Auteur ; A. Kindler, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 623 - 640 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] analyse d'image orientée objet [Termes IGN] base de données orientée objet [Termes IGN] base de données urbaines [Termes IGN] bati [Termes IGN] bien-être collectif [Termes IGN] cartographie urbaine [Termes IGN] développement durable [Termes IGN] données lidar [Termes IGN] écosystème urbain [Termes IGN] gestion urbaine [Termes IGN] orthophotographie [Termes IGN] population urbaine [Termes IGN] santé [Termes IGN] télédétection Résumé : (auteur) Mapping urban structures is a vital prerequisite for urban planners to enhance their database for a liveable city dedicated to sustainable development. Therefore, it is significant to measure urban grey and green structures at the scale of local districts to understand the urban structure and residential needs for urban ecosystem services. For a detailed analysis we exploit digital orthophotos (DOP), LiDAR data, and vital statistics. We use remote sensing techniques to create an Object-based Image Analysis (OBIA) that differentiates grey and green structures with high precision and at refined scale. This spatial information is linked with allocated population and health-related indicators to identify built-up types with highest population densities and local districts with deficits in the provision of different green structures. Our results show the share of built-up structures and the contribution of green structures to urban ecosystem services, human health and well-being at local district level. Numéro de notice : A2020-202 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/10106049.2018.1524514 Date de publication en ligne : 23/10/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2018.1524514 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94877 [article]

Biodiversity and health in the face of climate change / Melissa R. Marselle (2019)  

Public Titre : Biodiversity and health in the face of climate change Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Melissa R. Marselle, Éditeur scientifique ; Jutta Stadler, Éditeur scientifique ; Horst Korn, Éditeur scientifique ; et al., Auteur Editeur : Springer Nature Année de publication : 2019 Importance : 745 p. ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-030-02318-8 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie [Termes IGN] aménagement paysager [Termes IGN] bien-être collectif [Termes IGN] biodiversité [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] conservation des ressources naturelles [Termes IGN] gestion des ressources [Termes IGN] planification urbaine [Termes IGN] santé [Termes IGN] santé mentale Résumé : (éditeur) his open access book identifies and discusses biodiversity’s contribution to physical, mental and spiritual health and wellbeing. Furthermore, the book identifies the implications of this relationship for nature conservation, public health, landscape architecture and urban planning – and considers the opportunities of nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation. This transdisciplinary book will attract a wide audience interested in biodiversity, ecology, resource management, public health, psychology, urban planning, and landscape architecture. The emphasis is on multiple human health benefits from biodiversity - in particular with respect to the increasing challenge of climate change. This makes the book unique to other books that focus either on biodiversity and physical health or natural environments and mental wellbeing. The book is written as a definitive ‘go-to’ book for those who are new to the field of biodiversity and health. Note de contenu : Part I- Biodiversity and Physical Health Part II- Biodiversity, Mental Health and Spiritual Well-being Part III- Implications of the Biodiversity and Health Relationship Part IV- Planning and Managing Urban Green Spaces for Biodiversity and Health in a Changing Climate Conclusions Numéro de notice : 25983 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE Nature : Monographie DOI : 10.1007/978-3-030-02318-8 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02318-8 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96716

Landscape urbanism and green infrastructure (2019)  

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Social welfare to assess the global legibility of a generalized map / Guillaume Touya (2012)  

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