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Use of non-destructive test methods on Irish hardwood standing trees and small-diameter round timber for prediction of mechanical properties / Daniel F. Llana in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020) Titre : Use of non-destructive test methods on Irish hardwood standing trees and small-diameter round timber for prediction of mechanical properties Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Daniel F. Llana, Auteur ; Ian Short, Auteur ; Annette M. Harte, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] acer pseudoplatanus [Termes descripteurs IGN] acoustique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Betula pendula [Termes descripteurs IGN] betula pubescens [Termes descripteurs IGN] bois sur pied [Termes descripteurs IGN] densité du bois [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre des arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture) [Termes descripteurs IGN] élagage (sylviculture) [Termes descripteurs IGN] élasticité [Termes descripteurs IGN] feuillu [Termes descripteurs IGN] fraxinus (genre) [Termes descripteurs IGN] fraxinus excelsior [Termes descripteurs IGN] Irlande [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] résonance [Termes descripteurs IGN] vent [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) Key message: Mechanical properties of small-diameter round timber from hardwood thinnings of common alder ( Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.), European ash ( Fraxinus excelsior L.), European birch ( Betula pendula Roth. and Betula pubescens Ehrh.), and sycamore ( Acer pseudoplatanus L.) can be evaluated by non-destructive testing on either standing trees or green logs without wood density determination. Velocity differences between acoustic and resonance methods are influenced by tree species and age. Tree diameter improves the estimation of bending strength but not of stiffness. Context: There is a need for a reliable, fast, and inexpensive evaluation method to better sort hardwood thinnings according to mechanical properties for use in potential added-value applications. Aims: The estimation by non-destructive testing of mechanical properties of round small-diameter timber of four hardwood species (common alder, European ash, European birch, and sycamore). Methods: Acoustic velocity was measured in 38 standing trees and resonance velocity was recorded in green logs from these trees. The logs were then dried and tested in bending. Estimation models to predict mechanical properties from non-destructive testing measurements were developed. Results: Large differences between velocities from acoustic and resonance techniques were found. Models based on both non-destructive testing velocities together with a species factor are well correlated with bending modulus of elasticity while models including tree diameter are moderately well correlated with bending strength. Inclusion of density in the models does not improve the estimation. Conclusion: Models based on acoustic measurements on standing trees or resonance on green logs together with tree species and diameter provide reliable estimates of mechanical properties of round timber from hardwood thinnings. This methodology can be easily used for pre-sorting material in the forest. Numéro de notice : A2020-403 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-020-00957-x date de publication en ligne : 17/06/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-020-00957-x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95453 [article]

Negative correlation between ash dieback susceptibility and reproductive success: good news for European ash forests / Devrim Semizer-Cuming in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 76 n° 1 (March 2019)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 76 n° 1 (March 2019) Titre : Negative correlation between ash dieback susceptibility and reproductive success: good news for European ash forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Devrim Semizer-Cuming, Auteur ; Reiner Finkeldey, Auteur ; Lene Rostgaard Nielsen, Auteur ; Erik Dahl Kjær, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] clonage [Termes descripteurs IGN] dépérissement [Termes descripteurs IGN] fraxinus excelsior [Termes descripteurs IGN] génétique forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] maladie phytosanitaire [Termes descripteurs IGN] mycota [Termes descripteurs IGN] régression linéaire [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) Context : The introduced invasive pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz, and Hosoya cause extensive damage on European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.). Heritable variation in susceptibility to ash dieback has been observed among ash trees in natural and planted populations, but it is not clear how variation in susceptibility influences reproductive fitness. Aims : We hypothesize that healthier male and female trees contribute more gametes to the following generation compared to unhealthy ones. Methods : We tested the hypothesis by studying gender, seed production, and paternal success in a clonal field trial with 39 replicated clones. In the trial, the susceptibility level of each clone has been recorded in terms of percent crown damage since 2007. We used a linear regression model to explore the relationship between susceptibility and reproductive success (female and male). Results : The clones revealed a clear gender dimorphism with an approximate 2:2:1 male/female/hermaphrodite ratio. Females with low levels of crown damage produced substantially more seeds compared to highly damaged females. The male clone with the lowest level of susceptibility was the most effective pollen donor, but highly susceptible males also sired some offspring. Conclusion : The results overall represent good news for the potential recovery of ash forests: selection against most susceptible genotypes at generation turnover is expected to facilitate building up disease resistance in ash populations. Numéro de notice : A2019-040 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-019-0799-x date de publication en ligne : 13/02/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-019-0799-x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92038 [article]

How much does climate change threaten European forest tree species distributions? / Marcin K. Dyderski in Global change biology, vol inconnu ([09/10/2017])  

Public [article]  inGlobal change biology > vol inconnu [09/10/2017] Titre : How much does climate change threaten European forest tree species distributions? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marcin K. Dyderski, Auteur ; Sonia Paz, Auteur ; Lee E. Frelich, Auteur ; Andrzej M. Jagodzinski, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] Abies alba [Termes descripteurs IGN] Betula pendula [Termes descripteurs IGN] changement climatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] distribution spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt tempérée [Termes descripteurs IGN] fraxinus excelsior [Termes descripteurs IGN] gestion forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] habitat (nature) [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Termes descripteurs IGN] larix decidua [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea abies [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes descripteurs IGN] pseudotsuga menziesii [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus pedunculata [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus rubra [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus sessiliflora [Termes descripteurs IGN] Robinia pseudoacacia [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Although numerous species distribution models have been developed, most were based on insufficient distribution data or used older climate change scenarios. We aimed to quantify changes in projected ranges and threat level by the years 2061-2080, for 12 European forest tree species under three climate change scenarios. We combined tree distribution data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, EUFORGEN and forest inventories, and we developed species distribution models using MaxEnt and 19 bioclimatic variables. Models were developed for three climate change scenarios – optimistic (RCP2.6), moderate (RCP4.5) and pessimistic (RPC8.5) – using three General Circulation Models, for the period 2061-2080. Our study revealed different responses of tree species to projected climate change. The species may be divided into three groups: “winners” – mostly late-successional species: Abies alba, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur and Q. petraea; “losers” – mostly pioneer species: Betula pendula, Larix decidua, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris and alien species – Pseudotsuga menziesii, Q. rubra and Robinia pseudoacacia, which may be also considered as “winners”. Assuming limited migration, most of the species studied would face significant decrease of suitable habitat area. The threat level was highest for species that currently have the northernmost distribution centers. Ecological consequences of the projected range contractions would be serious for both forest management and nature conservation. Numéro de notice : A2017-680 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1111/gcb.13925 En ligne : http://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13925 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=87220 [article]

Assessing future suitability of tree species under climate change by multiple methods: a case study in southern Germany / Helge Walentowski in Annals of forest research, vol 60 n° 1 (January - June 2017)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of forest research > vol 60 n° 1 (January - June 2017) . - pp 101 - 126 Titre : Assessing future suitability of tree species under climate change by multiple methods: a case study in southern Germany Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Helge Walentowski, Auteur ; Wolfgang Falk, Auteur ; Tobias Mette, Auteur ; Jörg Kunz, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp 101 - 126 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] Acer campestre [Termes descripteurs IGN] Allemagne [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse de sensibilité [Termes descripteurs IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes descripteurs IGN] feuillu [Termes descripteurs IGN] fraxinus excelsior [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] niche écologique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus pedunculata [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus sessiliflora [Termes descripteurs IGN] sécheresse [Termes descripteurs IGN] sorbus aria [Termes descripteurs IGN] sorbus torminalis [Termes descripteurs IGN] tilia platyphyllos [Termes descripteurs IGN] ulmus minor [Termes IFN] dendrochronologie [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) We compared results derived using three different approaches to assess the suitability of common tree species on the Franconian Plateau in southern Germany under projected warmer and drier climate conditions in the period 2061-2080. The study area is currently a relatively warm and dry region of Germany. We calculated species distribution models (SDMs) using information on species’ climate envelopes to predict regional species spectra under 63 different climate change scenarios. We complemented this with fine-scale ecological niche analysis using data from 51 vegetation surveys in seven forest reserves in the study area, and tree-ring analysis (TRA) from local populations of five tree species to quantify their sensitivity to climatic extreme years. The SDMs showed that predicted future climate change in the region remains within the climate envelope of certain species (e.g. Quercus petraea), whilst for e.g. Fagus sylvatica, future climate conditions in one third of the scenarios are too warm and dry. This was confirmed by the TRA: sensitivity to drought periods is lower for Q. petraea than for F. sylvatica. The niche analysis shows that the local ecological niches of Quercus robur and Fraxinus excelsior are mainly characterized by soils providing favorable water supply than by climate, and Pinus sylvestris (planted) is strongly influenced by light availability. The best adapted species for a warmer and potentially drier climate in the study region are Acer campestre, Sorbus torminalis, S. aria, Ulmus minor, and Tilia platyphyllos, which should therefore play a more prominent role in future climate-resilient mixed forest ecosystems. Numéro de notice : A2017-611 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.15287/afr.2016.789 En ligne : http://doi.org/10.15287/afr.2016.789 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=86919 [article]

Estimation of ash mortality induced by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in France and Belgium / Benoît Marçais in Baltic forestry, vol 23 n° 1 (2017)  

Public [article]  inBaltic forestry > vol 23 n° 1 (2017) . - pp 159 - 167 Titre : Estimation of ash mortality induced by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in France and Belgium Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Benoît Marçais, Auteur ; Claude Husson, Auteur ; Olivier Caël, Auteur ; Arnaud Dowkiw, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp 159 - 167 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] arbre mort [Termes descripteurs IGN] Belgique [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes descripteurs IGN] foresterie [Termes descripteurs IGN] France (administrative) [Termes descripteurs IGN] fraxinus angustifolia [Termes descripteurs IGN] fraxinus excelsior [Termes descripteurs IGN] maladie phytosanitaire [Termes descripteurs IGN] mortalité [Termes descripteurs IGN] mycota [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) Ash dieback induced by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus has emerged as one of the most serious health problem for European forests in the last ten years. However, precise estimation of the mortality induced by the pathogen is still scarce and this hampers management of affected stands. In this work, we used data of several surveys done since 2010 in France and Belgium to estimate the mortality rate associated with ash decline depending on the time of the pathogen presence in the area; for that a 2 steps procedure was used. First, we did an estimation of the frequency and severity of collar lesions associated with H. fraxineus depending on the length of the pathogen presence and for 2 trees size classes (lower or higher than 25 cm dbh). Then the annual mortality rate was estimated depending on collar lesion severity, dbh class (lower or higher than 25 cm) and time since pathogen presence. The global mortality induced by H. fraxineus was computed from those 2 types of data by a bootstrap approach. Additionally one survey observing young stands was used from which mortality was computed directly. We find that if mortality is drastic in very young ash stand affected by H. fraxineus (less than 5 cm dbh), with annual mortality reaching 35% 5-6 years after arrival of the pathogen in the stand, it is much more moderate for trees with dbh above 25 cm, with annual mortality reaching 3.2% after 8-9 years of pathogen presence. Annual mortality rates are intermediate for trees in the 5-25 cm dbh class and reached 10-11% after 8-9 years of pathogen presence. Numéro de notice : A2017-901 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : sans En ligne : https://www.balticforestry.mi.lt/bf/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&ca [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL Sommaire Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93360 [article]

Ash to ashes? / David Roderick in GEO: Geoconnexion international, vol 15 n° 5 (May 2016)

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Application des techniques de photogrammétrie par drone à la caractérisation des ressources forestières / Jonathan Lisein (2016)  

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Vegetation classification and biogeography of European floodplain forests and alder carrs / Jan Douda in Applied Vegetation Science, vol 19 n° 1 (January 2016)  

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Visualisation of spread of Chalara ash dieback for raising public awareness and responsible woodland access / Chen Wang (2015) 

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Deadwood and tree microhabitat dynamics in unharvested temperate mountain mixed forests: A life-cycle approach to biodiversity monitoring / Laurent Larrieu in Forest ecology and management, vol 334 ([15/12/2014])  

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Contribution à l’étude des forêts hygrosciaphiles de ravins à affinités atlantiques en Franche-Comté / Rémi Collaud in Nouvelles Archives de la Flore jurassienne et du nord-est de la France, n° 8 (2010) 

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Diminished vessel diameter as a possible factor in the decline of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) / Mirela Tulik ; Katarzyna Marciszewska ; Jacek Adamczyk in Annals of Forest Science, vol 67 n° 1 (January-February 2010)  

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L'émergence d'un nouveau pathogène sur le frêne commun en France : Chalara fraxinea / Paul Grandjean in Rendez-vous techniques, n° 25-26 (été - automne 2009)

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Evaluarea unor însusiri fenotipice calitative si cantitative ale frasinului comun (Fraxinus excelsior L.) în functie de conditiile stationale si de arboret / Nicolae Sofletea in Revista Padurilor, vol 122 n° 5 (5/2007)

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