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Keeping mixtures of Norway spruce and birch in production forests: insights from survey data / Emma Hölmstrom in Scandinavian journal of forest research, vol 36 n° 2-3 ([01/03/2021])
[article]
Titre : Keeping mixtures of Norway spruce and birch in production forests: insights from survey data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Emma Hölmstrom, Auteur ; Therese Carlströmb, Auteur ; Martin Goude, Auteur ; Felicia Dahlgren Lidman, Auteur ; Adam Felton, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 155 - 163 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Betula pendula
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] densité du bois
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] peuplement mélangé
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] Suède
[Termes IGN] surface terrière
[Vedettes matières IGN] ForesterieRésumé : (auteur) Admixtures of birch in Norway spruce plantations are being promoted as a means to increase habitat and species diversity. The implications of this mixture were analysed with regional survey data from southern Sweden. Permanent sample plots from the Swedish National Forest Inventory (NFI), with Norway spruce and admixture of birch, were used to describe the temporal trends in the admixture, regarding species composition and competitive strength. Observations from thinned plots show a higher harvest removal in birch (35%) than for Norway spruce (19%). Observations without thinnings in the period before measurement showed that individual birch tree growth was lower compared to Norway spruce and it decreased even more with increasing stand age and competition. In addition, a complementary field survey, with multiple distributed sample plots in each stand, was used to detect within-stand variation of species composition and density. Although within-stand heterogeneity was larger in mixed stands in terms of species composition, it was not different from Norway spruce monocultures in terms of stand density. These two surveys show that the admixture of birch, for several reasons, decreases over stand age and although birch increases tree species diversity, it does not necessary imply a change in density. Numéro de notice : A2021-606 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/02827581.2021.1883729 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2021.1883729 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98329
in Scandinavian journal of forest research > vol 36 n° 2-3 [01/03/2021] . - pp 155 - 163[article]Modeling size-density trajectories of even-aged ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) stands in France. A baseline to assess the impact of Chalara ash dieback / Noël Le Goff in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 1 (March 2021)
[article]
Titre : Modeling size-density trajectories of even-aged ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) stands in France. A baseline to assess the impact of Chalara ash dieback Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Noël Le Goff, Auteur ; François Ningre, Auteur ; Jean-Marc Ottorini, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 3 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] densité de la végétation
[Termes IGN] dépérissement
[Termes IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] foresterie
[Termes IGN] France (administrative)
[Termes IGN] Fraxinus excelsior
[Termes IGN] Fungi
[Termes IGN] maladie phytosanitaire
[Termes IGN] modèle de croissance végétale
[Termes IGN] mortalité
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) Key message: A piecewise polynomial function already used to represent the size-density trajectories of pure even-aged stands of beech, oak, and Douglas-fir proved its ability to represent the size-density trajectories of a new species, ash. The widespread ash dieback caused departures from the expected size-density trajectories. These abnormalities can be used to detect an extra level of mortality due to infection by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in pure even-aged ash stands.
Context: The size-density trajectories allow quantifying more precisely the density of stands and can help the forest manager to decide of the opportunity of thinnings. This study helped to quantify extra mortality in pure even-aged stands by using the size-density trajectories established for stands evolving at maximum density.
Aims: This study was conducted to establish size-density trajectories of pure even-aged ash stands and compare them with those recently established for beech and oak in France, in particular concerning the onset of density-dependent (regular) mortality. The additional effect of ash dieback on mortality was also an issue.
Material and methods: We used permanent and semi-permanent unthinned ash plots installed in the north of France and where inventories of trees were performed at more or less regular intervals: measurements included tree status (dead or alive) and diameter or girth at breast height for all trees and total height for a sample of living trees. The size-density trajectories of plots describing the course of the number of living trees in relation with the mean stand girth, in logarithmic scales, were modeled with a piecewise polynomial function fitted with a mixed-effects model. A permanent sample of trees was also selected for ash dieback and extra mortality monitoring.
Results: The piecewise polynomial function already used proved its ability to represent the size-density trajectories of even-aged ash stands of various initial densities and fertility levels. As for beech and oak, the trajectories were modeled so that mortality onset occurred at a constant relative density. This level appeared to be much higher for ash (RDI = 0.58), revealing that ash survived with less growing space than beech and oak and appeared to be more efficient. Ash dieback caused an additional mortality in the experimental ash stands studied, and this excess of mortality appeared predictable on the basis of observed departures from the expected size-density trajectories.
Conclusion: A single parameter function family could be used to predict the size-density trajectories of even-aged ash stands, on the basis of the results obtained previously on oak and beech. Mortality onset and space requirements of ash could be compared with those of beech and oak and show that ash can survive at higher densities and is a more efficient species. Predicted size-density trajectories proved also useful to detect and quantify the excess of mortality due to H. fraxineus on ash. This approach could be extended to other diseases and species with predictable size-density trajectories.Numéro de notice : A2021-475 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-020-01005-4 Date de publication en ligne : 07/01/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-020-01005-4 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97095
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 78 n° 1 (March 2021) . - n° 3[article]Search for top‐down and bottom‐up drivers of latitudinal trends in insect herbivory in oak trees in Europe / Elena Valdés-Correcher in Global ecology and biogeography, vol 30 n° 3 (March 2021)
[article]
Titre : Search for top‐down and bottom‐up drivers of latitudinal trends in insect herbivory in oak trees in Europe Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Elena Valdés-Correcher, Auteur ; Xoaquín Moreira, Auteur ; Laurent Augusto, Auteur ; Luc Barbaro, Auteur ; Christophe Bouget, Auteur ; Olivier Bouriaud , Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Projets : 2-Pas d'info accessible - article non ouvert / Article en page(s) : pp 651 - 665 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Aves
[Termes IGN] biochimie
[Termes IGN] dommage forestier causé par facteurs naturels
[Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique)
[Termes IGN] feuille (végétation)
[Termes IGN] Quercus pedunculata
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Aim : The strength of species interactions is traditionally expected to increase toward the Equator. However, recent studies have reported opposite or inconsistent latitudinal trends in the bottom‐up (plant quality) and top‐down (natural enemies) forces driving herbivory. In addition, these forces have rarely been studied together thus limiting previous attempts to understand the effect of large‐scale climatic gradients on herbivory.
Location : Europe. Time period : 2018–2019. Major taxa studied : Quercus robur.
Methods : We simultaneously tested for latitudinal variation in plant–herbivore–natural enemy interactions. We further investigated the underlying climatic factors associated with variation in herbivory, leaf chemistry and attack rates in Quercus robur across its complete latitudinal range in Europe. We quantified insect leaf damage and the incidence of specialist herbivores as well as leaf chemistry and bird attack rates on dummy caterpillars on 261 oak trees.
Results : Climatic factors rather than latitude per se were the best predictors of the large‐scale (geographical) variation in the incidence of gall‐inducers and leaf‐miners as well as in leaf nutritional content. However, leaf damage, plant chemical defences (leaf phenolics) and bird attack rates were not influenced by climatic factors or latitude. The incidence of leaf‐miners increased with increasing concentrations of hydrolysable tannins, whereas the incidence of gall‐inducers increased with increasing leaf soluble sugar concentration and decreased with increasing leaf C : N ratios and lignins. However, leaf traits and bird attack rates did not vary with leaf damage.
Main conclusions : These findings help to refine our understanding of the bottom‐up and top‐down mechanisms driving geographical variation in plant–herbivore interactions, and indicate the need for further examination of the drivers of herbivory on trees.Numéro de notice : A2021-178 Affiliation des auteurs : LIF+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/geb.13244 Date de publication en ligne : 31/12/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13244 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96970
in Global ecology and biogeography > vol 30 n° 3 (March 2021) . - pp 651 - 665[article]Secondary metabolites in leaves of hybrid aspen are affected by the competitive status and early thinning in dense coppices / Linda Rusalepp in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 1 (March 2021)
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Titre : Secondary metabolites in leaves of hybrid aspen are affected by the competitive status and early thinning in dense coppices Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Linda Rusalepp, Auteur ; Reimo Lutter, Auteur ; Heiki Hepner, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 1 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] arbre dominant
[Termes IGN] diagnostic foliaire
[Termes IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière
[Termes IGN] peuplement mélangé
[Termes IGN] Populus tremula
[Termes IGN] taillis
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) Key message: Non-selective thinning of a hybrid aspen coppice stands via corridor or cross-corridor cutting impacts residual trees differently depending on their competitive status. Suppressed residual trees’ metabolic profile indicates increased stress level, especially after cross-corridor thinning.
Context: Early thinning with regular corridor harvests is proposed for the management of post-harvest re-sprouted hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx.) coppice stands. The selection of remaining trees is not size-based and their physiological acclimation to the post-thinning conditions is unknown.
Aims: To analyse differences in secondary metabolite profile between thinning treatments and trees competitive status.
Methods: We used an HPLC-qTOF mass spectrometer to analyse the leaf extracts of dominant and suppressed trees from stands with different thinning intensities: un-thinned control with basal area of 15.4 ± 1.52 m2 ha−1, corridor thinning with basal area of 8.5 ± 0.46 m2 ha−1 and cross-corridor thinning with basal area of 3.9 ± 0.34 m2 ha−1.
Results: Competitive status and thinning treatment both had significant effects on the contents of compounds. Higher exposure to irradiance increased the contents of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamates. Corridor thinning treatments doubled the foliar contents of secondary metabolites and lowered macronutrient contents in competitively suppressed residual trees. Dominant residual trees were not affected in this respect.
Conclusion: Forest management practice and competitive status can significantly modify the metabolite profile in tree leaves. After corridor thinning of a young aspen coppice stand, the small-sized residual trees may initially respond with increased allocation to leaf chemical defence rather than to productivity.Numéro de notice : A2021-030 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-020-01014-3 Date de publication en ligne : 05/01/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-020-01014-3 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96722
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 78 n° 1 (March 2021) . - n° 1[article]Modelling potential density of natural regeneration of European oak species (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) depending on the distance to the potential seed source: Methodological approach for modelling dispersal from inventory data at forest enterprise level / Maximilian Axer in Forest ecology and management, vol 482 ([15/02/2021])
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Titre : Modelling potential density of natural regeneration of European oak species (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) depending on the distance to the potential seed source: Methodological approach for modelling dispersal from inventory data at forest enterprise level Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Maximilian Axer, Auteur ; Robert Schlicht, Auteur ; Sven Wagner, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 118802 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] conversion forestière
[Termes IGN] dispersion
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] Pinophyta
[Termes IGN] planification
[Termes IGN] Quercus pedunculata
[Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora
[Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] régression par quantile
[Termes IGN] Saxe (Allemagne)
[Termes IGN] semis (sylviculture)
[Vedettes matières IGN] ForesterieRésumé : (auteur) The use of natural oak regeneration from admixed oaks and neighbouring oak stands provides an interesting alternative to cost-intensive artificial oak regeneration when aiming for forest conversion of pure coniferous stands. In this study analysis of forest inventory data is done on how far and in what density natural regeneration of both Pedunculate and Sessile oak occurs in coniferous stands. In order to investigate as exclusively as possible the effect of distance to the seed source on the regeneration density of both oaks, the regeneration potential was determined by using quantile regression. By applying a .995th quantile, reducing factors on seedling density, e.g. desiccation, browsing, pathogens or limited resource availability, were excluded as much as possible. Thus, the effect of zoochorus vectors on effective dispersal could be quantified. The regeneration potential was determined based on data from the forest inventory of the Saxony state forest enterprise, Germany, including 2357 sample plots. Remote sensing data, including the location of oaks in the overstorey, were used to determine the distance to the nearest potential seed source. The results of the present study demonstrate that the highest regeneration densities are not found in the immediate vicinity of the nearest seed source, but at distances between 60 and 140 m to it,i.e. the maximum of seedling density per area unit is in some distance to the trees trunk. In the present study, dispersal distances of established regeneration up to 1565 m were detected. From a distance of 1570–2300 m on, there was no oak regeneration. The results prove that acorns are taken from the seed source and that, in addition to barochorus dispersal, the zoochorus dispersal is of great importance for the succession of coniferous stands. The position of potential seed sources is therefore an important information for silvicultural planning, in order to estimate potential oak regeneration densities. Numéro de notice : A2021-228 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118802 Date de publication en ligne : 13/12/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118802 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97208
in Forest ecology and management > vol 482 [15/02/2021] . - n° 118802[article]An evaluation of multi-species empirical tree mortality algorithms for dynamic vegetation modelling / Timothy Thrippleton in Scientific reports, vol 11 (2021)PermalinkEffects of thinning practice, high pruning and slash management on crop tree and stand growth in young even-aged stands of planted silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) / Jens Peter Skovsgaard in Forests, vol 12 n° 2 (February 2021)PermalinkLong-term tree species population dynamics in Swiss forest reserves influenced by forest structure and climate / Amanda S. Mathys in Forest ecology and management, vol 481 (February 2021)PermalinkApports des méthodes d'apprentissage profond pour la reconnaissance automatique des modes d'occupation des sols et d'objets par télédétection en milieu tropical / Guillaume Rousset (2021)PermalinkPermalinkDiurnal cycles of C-band temporal coherence and backscattering coefficient over an olive orchard in a semi-arid area: Comparison of in situ and Sentinel-1 radar observations / Adnane Chakir (2021)PermalinkEffects of different site preparation methods on the root development of planted Quercus petraea and Pinus nigra / Mathieu Dassot in New forests, vol 52 n° 1 (January 2021)PermalinkEnsemble learning methods on the space of covariance matrices : application to remote sensing scene and multivariate time series classification / Sara Akodad (2021)PermalinkExamining the effectiveness of Sentinel-1 and 2 imagery for commercial forest species mapping / Mthembeni Mngadi in Geocarto international, vol 36 n° 1 ([01/01/2021])PermalinkFrom local to global: A transfer learning-based approach for mapping poplar plantations at national scale using Sentinel-2 / Yousra Hamrouni in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 171 (January 2021)Permalink