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Future management options for cembran pine forests close to the alpine timberline / Nathalia Jandl in Annals of Forest Science, vol 75 n° 3 (September 2018)
[article]
Titre : Future management options for cembran pine forests close to the alpine timberline Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Nathalia Jandl, Auteur ; Robert Jandl, Auteur ; Andreas Schindlbacher, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] biomasse forestière
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] économie forestière
[Termes IGN] forêt alpestre
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière
[Termes IGN] grume
[Termes IGN] Larix decidua
[Termes IGN] marché du bois
[Termes IGN] Pinus cembra
[Termes IGN] prévention des risques
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Termes IGN] service écosystémique
[Termes IGN] simulation
[Termes IGN] Tyrol (Autriche)
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) Key message: High-elevation forests in the Alps protect infrastructure and human lives against natural hazards such as rockfall, flooding, and avalanches. Routinely performed silvicultural interventions maintain the required stand structure but are not commercially viable in remote forests due to high operational costs. Financial subsidies for the management of high-elevation protection forests are an efficient strategy to ensure sustainable forest cover.
Context:Presently, many high-elevation forests in the Alps are managed in order to ensure the provision of ecosystem services with emphasis on the minimization of natural hazards.
Aims: We studied the possible economic performance of a high-elevation protection forest from an owner’s perspective. We investigated whether the increase in productivity due to climate change and a favorable market for the dominating cembran pine (Pinus cembra L.) are sufficient for profitable timber production in protection forests.
Methods: We simulated the standing timber stock and the soil carbon pool for a 100-year period with climate-sensitive models and compared harvesting costs with expected revenues. Our scenarios included different climates, intensities of timber extractions, parameters of the timber market, and the availability of government subsidies.
Results: Overall, the productivity of forests increases by approximately 15% until the end of the century. In a zero-management scenario, the forest accumulates carbon both in the aboveground biomass and the soil. In the case of an extensive management with moderate timber extractions every 50 years, the carbon stocks decline both in biomass and soil. A more intensive management scenario with extractions every 30 years leads to substantial losses of the soil and biomass carbon pools. In addition, the stand structure changes and the protective function of the forest is not sustainably ensured. Timber production can be economically successful only with high selling prices of cembran pine timber and the availability of governmental subsidies for forest management. The admixed European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) contributes only marginally to the economic success. The main challenge are harvesting costs. The costs of timber extraction by a long-distance cableway logging system exceed the value of the harvested timber.
Conclusion: The intensification of forest management cannot be recommended from the perspective of timber production, sustainable forest management, and protection against natural hazards. Our simulation experiment shows that the extraction of timber at decadal intervals depletes the carbon stock that is insufficiently replenished from aboveground and belowground litterfall. Leaving the forest unmanaged does not impose a particular threat to stand stability and is under the encountered situation, a justified strategy.Numéro de notice : A2018-332 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0760-4 Date de publication en ligne : 15/08/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0760-4 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90483
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 75 n° 3 (September 2018)[article]How much does climate change threaten European forest tree species distributions? / Marcin K. Dyderski in Global change biology, vol 24 n° 3 (March 2018)
[article]
Titre : How much does climate change threaten European forest tree species distributions? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marcin K. Dyderski, Auteur ; Sonia Paz, Auteur ; Lee E. Frelich, Auteur ; Andrzej M. Jagodzinski, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies alba
[Termes IGN] Betula pendula
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] forêt tempérée
[Termes IGN] Fraxinus excelsior
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière
[Termes IGN] habitat (nature)
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] Larix decidua
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris
[Termes IGN] Pseudotsuga menziesii
[Termes IGN] Quercus pedunculata
[Termes IGN] Quercus rubra
[Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora
[Termes IGN] Robinia pseudoacacia
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Although numerous species distribution models have been developed, most were based on insufficient distribution data or used older climate change scenarios. We aimed to quantify changes in projected ranges and threat level by the years 2061-2080, for 12 European forest tree species under three climate change scenarios. We combined tree distribution data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, EUFORGEN and forest inventories, and we developed species distribution models using MaxEnt and 19 bioclimatic variables. Models were developed for three climate change scenarios – optimistic (RCP2.6), moderate (RCP4.5) and pessimistic (RPC8.5) – using three General Circulation Models, for the period 2061-2080. Our study revealed different responses of tree species to projected climate change. The species may be divided into three groups: “winners” – mostly late-successional species: Abies alba, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur and Q. petraea; “losers” – mostly pioneer species: Betula pendula, Larix decidua, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris and alien species – Pseudotsuga menziesii, Q. rubra and Robinia pseudoacacia, which may be also considered as “winners”. Assuming limited migration, most of the species studied would face significant decrease of suitable habitat area. The threat level was highest for species that currently have the northernmost distribution centers. Ecological consequences of the projected range contractions would be serious for both forest management and nature conservation. Numéro de notice : A2018-379 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1111/gcb.13925 En ligne : http://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13925 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=87220
in Global change biology > vol 24 n° 3 (March 2018)[article]Optimal management of larch (Larix olgensis A. Henry) plantations in Northeast China when timber production and carbon stock are considered / Wei Peng in Annals of Forest Science, vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)
[article]
Titre : Optimal management of larch (Larix olgensis A. Henry) plantations in Northeast China when timber production and carbon stock are considered Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Wei Peng, Auteur ; Timo Pukkala, Auteur ; Xingji Jin, Auteur ; Fengri Li, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Chine
[Termes IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] économie forestière
[Termes IGN] Larix olgensis
[Termes IGN] modèle dynamique
[Termes IGN] plantation forestière
[Termes IGN] production agricole végétale
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Termes IGN] ressources forestières
[Termes IGN] volume en bois
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (Auteur) Key message : The optimal management of larch (Larix olgensis) plantations in Northeast China consisted of 2 or 3 thinnings and a rotation length of 55–61 years when economic profitability, wood production, and carbon sequestration were simultaneously maximized. Wood production ranged from 5.4 to 11.7 m3 ha−1 a−1, depending on site quality.
Context: L. olgensis is an important tree species in the northeast forest region of China, playing a significant role in the establishment of fast-growing and high-yielding plantation forests in China. However, the management of these plantations has not been optimized in previous studies.
Aims: The objective of the study was to find the optimal combinations of thinning times, thinning types, and rotation length for L. olgensis stands when both timber production and carbon stock are considered.
Methods: First, a growth and yield model was developed to simulate the dynamics of larch plantations. Then, the models were linked with the Hooke and Jeeves optimization algorithm to optimize forest management for two commonly used planting densities and three site qualities.
Results: Two thinnings were found to be suitable for larch plantations when the stand density at 10 years was 2125 trees/ha (corresponding to a planting density of 2500 trees/ha) whereas three thinnings were recommended when the density at 10 years was 2800 trees/ha (planting density of 3300 trees/ha). When the stand density was 2800 trees/ha, the optimal rotation length was 61, 58, and 55 years for site indices (SI) 12, 16, and 20 m (dominant height at 30 years), respectively. The mean annual wood production was 5.4 m3 ha−1 for SI 12, 8.2 m3 ha−1 for SI 16, and 11.7 m3 ha−1 for SI 20. The results were nearly the same for the lower initial stand density. The better the site quality of the stand, the earlier the thinnings were conducted.
Conclusion: In multifunctional forestry, optimal rotation lengths of larch plantations were 10–20 years longer than advised in the current silvicultural recommendations for Northeast China.Numéro de notice : A2018-320 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0739-1 Date de publication en ligne : 04/06/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0739-1 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90455
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)[article]Automatic mapping of forest stands based on three-dimensional point clouds derived from terrestrial laser-scanning / Tim Ritter in Forests, vol 8 n° 8 (August 2017)
[article]
Titre : Automatic mapping of forest stands based on three-dimensional point clouds derived from terrestrial laser-scanning Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Tim Ritter, Auteur ; Marcel Schwarz, Auteur ; Andreas Tockner, Auteur ; Friedrich Leisch, Auteur ; Arne Nothdurft, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies alba
[Termes IGN] analyse de groupement
[Termes IGN] Autriche
[Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes)
[Termes IGN] Larix decidua
[Termes IGN] peuplement forestier
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris
[Termes IGN] Préalpes (Europe)
[Termes IGN] semis de points
[Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestierRésumé : (Auteur) Mapping of exact tree positions can be regarded as a crucial task of field work associated with forest monitoring, especially on intensive research plots. We propose a two-stage density clustering approach for the automatic mapping of tree positions, and an algorithm for automatic tree diameter estimates based on terrestrial laser-scanning (TLS) point cloud data sampled under limited sighting conditions. We show that our novel approach is able to detect tree positions in a mixed and vertically structured stand with an overall accuracy of 91.6%, and with omission- and commission error of only 5.7% and 2.7% respectively. Moreover, we were able to reproduce the stand’s diameter in breast height (DBH) distribution, and to estimate single trees DBH with a mean average deviation of ±2.90 cm compared with tape measurements as reference. Numéro de notice : A2017-876 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/f8080265 Date de publication en ligne : 25/07/2017 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f8080265 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91195
in Forests > vol 8 n° 8 (August 2017)[article]Determining tree height and crown diameter from high-resolution UAV imagery / Dimitrios Panagiotidis in International Journal of Remote Sensing IJRS, vol 38 n° 8-10 (April 2017)
[article]
Titre : Determining tree height and crown diameter from high-resolution UAV imagery Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Dimitrios Panagiotidis, Auteur ; Azadeh Abdollahnejad, Auteur ; Peter Surový, Auteur ; Vasco Chiteculo, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp 2392 - 2410 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Betula pendula
[Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes IGN] houppier
[Termes IGN] image aérienne
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes)
[Termes IGN] Larix decidua
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface de la canopée
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris
[Termes IGN] reconstruction 3D
[Termes IGN] séquence d'images
[Termes IGN] structure-from-motion
[Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestierRésumé : (auteur) Advances in computer vision and the parallel development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) allow for the extensive use of UAV in forest inventory and in indirect measurements of tree features. We used UAV-sensed high-resolution imagery through photogrammetry and Structure from Motion (SfM) to estimate tree heights and crown diameters. We reconstructed 3D structures from 2D image sequences for two study areas (25 × 25 m). Species composition for Plot 1 included Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) together with European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), whereas Plot 2 was mainly Norway spruce and Scots pine together with scattered individuals of European larch and Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.). The involved workflow used canopy height models (CHMs) for the extraction of height, the smoothing of raster images for the determination of the local maxima, and Inverse Watershed Segmentation (IWS) for the estimation of the crown diameters with the help of a geographical information system (GIS). Finally, we validated the accuracies of the two methods by comparing the UAV results with ground measurements. The results showed higher agreement between field and remote-sensed data for heights than for crown diameters based on RMSE%, which were in the range 11.42–12.62 for height and 14.29–18.56 for crown diameter. Overall, the accuracy of the results was acceptable and showed that the methods were feasible for detecting tree heights and crown diameter. Numéro de notice : A2017-683 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/01431161.2016.1264028 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2016.1264028 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=87246
in International Journal of Remote Sensing IJRS > vol 38 n° 8-10 (April 2017) . - pp 2392 - 2410[article]Genetic differentiation of European larch along an altitudinal gradient in the French Alps / Maxime Nardin in Annals of Forest Science, vol 72 n° 5 (July 2015)PermalinkDo competition-density rule and self-thinning rule agree? / Sonja Vospernik in Annals of Forest Science, vol 72 n° 3 (May 2015)PermalinkPermalinkEffects of atmospheric and climate change at the timberline of the Central European Alps / Gerhard Wieser in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 66 n° 4 (June 2009)PermalinkIps duplicatus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) - un daunator important al molidului din afara arealului natural de vegetatie / Nicolai Olenici ; Mihai-Leonard Duduman ; Cezar Tulbure ; Cristian Rotariu in Revista Padurilor, vol 124 n° 1 (1/2009)PermalinkIl faut maintenir le mélézin / Louis-Michel Duhen in Le Bois International : l'officiel du bois [édition verte], vol 2008 n° 1 (5 janvier 2008)PermalinkAperçu sur l'étagement des forêts de Haute Provence et des Alpes Maritimes / Annick Douguedroit in Méditerranée : revue géographique des pays méditerranéens, tome 11 (3-4 /1972)PermalinkLe mélèze dans la Vallée de l'Ubaye (Basses-Alpes) : ses groupements naturels, le phénomène " per descensum " / André Lavagne in Annales des Sciences forestières, vol 21 n° 4 ([01/11/1964])Permalink