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Climate envelope analyses suggests significant rearrangements in the distribution ranges of Central European tree species / Gàbor Illés in Annals of Forest Science, vol 79 n° 1 (2022)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > vol 79 n° 1 (2022) . - n° 35 Titre : Climate envelope analyses suggests significant rearrangements in the distribution ranges of Central European tree species Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Gàbor Illés, Auteur ; Norbert Móricz, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 35 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] adaptation (biologie) [Termes IGN] bioclimatologie [Termes IGN] classification par forêts d'arbres décisionnels [Termes IGN] Europe centrale [Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] INSPIRE [Termes IGN] modèle dynamique [Termes IGN] modélisation de la forêt [Termes IGN] Picea abies [Termes IGN] Quercus cerris [Termes IGN] Quercus pubescens [Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora [Termes IGN] répartition géographique [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Key message: Climate envelope analysis of nine tree species shows that Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies H. Karst could lose 58% and 40% of their current distribution range. Quercus pubescens Willd and Quercus cerris L. may win areas equal with 47% and 43% of their current ranges. The ratio of poorly predictable areas increases by 105% in southern and south-eastern Europe. Context: Climate change requires adaptive forest management implementations. To achieve climate neutrality, we have to maintain and expand forest areas. Impact assessments have great importance. Aims: The study estimates the potential climate envelopes of nine European tree species for a past period (1961–1990) and for three future periods (2011–2040, 2041–2070, 2071–2100) under two emission scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) based on the current species distribution. Methods: Climate envelopes were estimated simultaneously using the random forest method. Multi-resolution segmentation was used to determine the climatic characteristics of each species and their combinations. Models were limited to the geographical area within which the climatic conditions correspond to the climatic range of the training areas. Results: Results showed remarkable changes in the extent of geographic areas of all the investigated species’ climate envelopes. Many of the tree species of Central Europe could lose significant portions of their distribution range. Adhering to the shift in climate, these tree species shift further north as well as towards higher altitudes. Conclusion: European forests face remarkable changes, and the results support climate envelope modelling as an important tool that provides guidelines for climate adaptation to identify threatened areas or to select source and destination areas for reproductive material. Numéro de notice : A2022-631 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1186/s13595-022-01154-8 Date de publication en ligne : 09/08/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s13595-022-01154-8 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101395 [article]

Identification and spatial extent of understory plant species requiring vegetation control to ensure tree regeneration in French forests / Noé Dumas in Annals of Forest Science, vol 79 n° 1 (2022)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > vol 79 n° 1 (2022) . - n° 41 Titre : Identification and spatial extent of understory plant species requiring vegetation control to ensure tree regeneration in French forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Noé Dumas, Auteur ; Jean-Luc Dupouey, Auteur ; Jean-Claude Gégout, Auteur ; Vincent Boulanger, Auteur ; Jean-Daniel Bontemps , Auteur ; François Morneau , Auteur ; Marine Dalmasso , Auteur ; Catherine Collet, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Projets : 1-Pas de projet / Article en page(s) : n° 41 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] contrôle de la végétation [Termes IGN] coopérative forestière [Termes IGN] distribution spatiale [Termes IGN] enquête [Termes IGN] France (végétation) [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France) [Termes IGN] Molinia caerulea [Termes IGN] propriétaire forestier [Termes IGN] Pteridium aquilinum [Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture) [Termes IGN] Rubus fruticosus [Termes IGN] sous-bois [Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestier Résumé : (auteur) Key message: Fifteen species are most susceptible to require vegetation control during tree regeneration in the range of our study. Among these 15 species, Rubus fruticosus, Pteridium aquilinum, and Molinia caerulea cover each more than 300,000 ha of open-canopy forests. Context: Vegetation control, i.e., the reduction of competitive species cover, is often required to promote tree seedling establishment during the forest regeneration stage. The necessity to control understory vegetation largely depends on the species to be controlled. In order to plan forest renewal operations, it is critical to identify which species require vegetation control during the regeneration stage and to quantify the forest area affected by these species. Aims: We aimed at identifying the main species requiring vegetation control and at estimating the forest area they cover at the national level. Methods: Using National Forest Inventory data, we created four indicators based on two levels of plant cover, cross-referenced with two levels of canopy opening, and compared them to the outcome of a survey of forest manager practices. Results: The best indicator was the one that represented the proportion of forests with open canopy where the species was present with a large cover in the understory. In non-Mediterranean France, according to the indicator, a total of 15 species were found to frequently require vegetation control during the tree regeneration stage. Pteridium aquilinum, Molinia caerulea, and Rubus fruticosus were the main species, and each covered more than 300,000 ha of forest with open canopies, representing about 13% of the total forest area with open canopies outside of the Mediterranean area. Conclusions: Forests covered by species requiring vegetation control according to forest managers represent a large share of the forest area undergoing regeneration. This study provides the first list of species that require vegetation control based on a methodological protocol that makes it possible to calculate the area associated with each species. Numéro de notice : A2022-730 Affiliation des auteurs : LIF+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1186/s13595-022-01160-w Date de publication en ligne : 22/09/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s13595-022-01160-w Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101681 [article]

A model-based scenario analysis of the impact of forest management and environmental change on the understorey of temperate forests in Europe / Bingbin Wen in Forest ecology and management, vol 522 (October-15 2022)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 522 (October-15 2022) . - n° 120465 Titre : A model-based scenario analysis of the impact of forest management and environmental change on the understorey of temperate forests in Europe Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Bingbin Wen, Auteur ; Haben Blondeel, Auteur ; Dries Landuyt, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 120465 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse de sensibilité [Termes IGN] azote [Termes IGN] biodiversité [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation [Termes IGN] Europe centrale [Termes IGN] forêt tempérée [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] impact sur l'environnement [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes IGN] sous-étage [Termes IGN] système d'aide à la décision [Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestière Résumé : (auteur) The temperate forest understorey is rich in terms of vascular plant diversity and plays a vital functional role. Given the sensitivity of this forest layer to forest management and global environmental change and the limited knowledge on its long-term dynamics, there is a need for decision support systems that can guide temperate forest managers to optimize their management in terms of understorey outcomes. In this study, using understorey resurvey data collected from across temperate Europe, we developed Generalized Additive Models (GAM) to predict four understorey properties based on forest management and environmental change data, and implemented this model in a web-based tool as a prototype understorey Decision Support System (DSS). Using seventy-two combined climate change, nitrogen(N) deposition and forest management scenarios, applied to two case study regions in Europe, we predicted temperate forest understorey biodiversity dynamics between 2020 and 2050. A sensitivity analysis subsequently allowed to quantify the relative importance of canopy opening, N deposition and climate change on understorey dynamics. Our study showed that, regardless of regions, understorey richness and the proportion of forest specialists generally decreased among most scenarios, but the proportion of woody species and the understorey vegetation total cover increased. Climate warming, N deposition, and increases in canopy openness all influenced understorey dynamics. Climate warming will shift composition towards a selection of forest generalists and woody species, but a less open canopy could mitigate this shift by increasing the proportion of forest specialists. The case studies also showed that these responses can be context-dependent, especially in terms of responses to N deposition. Numéro de notice : A2022-710 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120465 Date de publication en ligne : 19/08/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120465 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101587 [article]

Tree regeneration in models of forest dynamics – Suitability to assess climate change impacts on European forests / Louis A. König in Forest ecology and management, vol 520 (September-15 2022)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 520 (September-15 2022) . - n° 120390 Titre : Tree regeneration in models of forest dynamics – Suitability to assess climate change impacts on European forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Louis A. König, Auteur ; Frits Mohren, Auteur ; Mart-Jan Schelhaas, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 120390 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] dépérissement [Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique) [Termes IGN] germination [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] graine [Termes IGN] jeune arbre [Termes IGN] modélisation de la forêt [Termes IGN] pollen [Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture) [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Climate change impacts on Europe’s forests are becoming visible much sooner than previously anticipated. The increase in natural disturbances leads to tree mortality and raises concerns about the forest’s adaptive potential to sustain vital ecosystem services. In this context, the regeneration phase is crucial and comprises the largest potential to adapt to new environmental conditions with long lasting implications. Yet, forest regeneration is particularly susceptible to climatic changes due to the many directly climate-dependent processes, such as seed production and germination but also seedling and sapling development. Models of forest dynamics (MFDs) are essential to describe, understand and predict the effects of changing environmental and management factors on forest dynamics and subsequently on associated ecosystem services. We review a large variety of MFDs with regard to their representation and climate sensitivity of regeneration processes. Starting with a description of the underlying biological processes, we evaluate the various approaches taking into account specific model purposes, and provide recommendations for future developments. We distinguish between models based on ecological principles and models based on empirical relationships. We found an ample mix of regeneration modelling approaches tailored to different model purposes. We conclude that current approaches should be refined to adequately capture altered regeneration trends. Specifically, refinement is needed for MFDs that rely on ecological principals, as they suffer from knowledge gaps and underrepresented processes, thereby limiting their ability to accurately simulate forest regeneration under climate change. Global vegetation models are strongly constrained by their weak representation of vegetation structure and composition, and need to include more detail regarding structural complexity and functional diversity. Models focused on timber yield often rely on strong assumptions regarding the abundance and composition of the next tree generation, which may no longer hold true with changes in climate and forest management. With the increased utilization of natural regeneration as a source of forest renewal, more dynamic representations of tree regeneration are needed. Our review highlights the necessity to increase the data basis to close knowledge gaps and to enable the adequate incorporation and parameterization of the involved processes. This would allow to capture altered regeneration patterns and subsequent effects on forest structure, composition and, ultimately, forest functioning under climate change. Numéro de notice : A2022-556 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120390 Date de publication en ligne : 05/07/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120390 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101170 [article]

An automatic approach for tree species detection and profile estimation of urban street trees using deep learning and Google street view images / Kwanghun Choi in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 190 (August 2022)  

Public [article]  inISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 190 (August 2022) . - pp 165 - 180 Titre : An automatic approach for tree species detection and profile estimation of urban street trees using deep learning and Google street view images Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Kwanghun Choi, Auteur ; Wontaek LIM, Auteur ; Byungwoo Chang, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 165 - 180 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique [Termes IGN] apprentissage profond [Termes IGN] arbre urbain [Termes IGN] détection automatique [Termes IGN] détection d'arbres [Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] image Streetview [Termes IGN] inventaire de la végétation [Termes IGN] segmentation sémantique [Termes IGN] Séoul Résumé : (auteur) Tree species and canopy structural profile (‘tree profile’) are among the most critical environmental factors in determining urban ecosystem services such as climate and air quality control from urban trees. To accurately characterize a tree profile, the tree diameter, height, crown width, and height to the lowest live branch must be all measured, which is an expensive and time-consuming procedure. Recent advances in artificial intelligence aids to efficiently and accurately measure the aforementioned tree profile parameters. This can be particularly helpful if spatially extensive and accurate street-level images provided by Google (‘streetview’) or Kakao (‘roadview’) are utilized. We focused on street trees in Seoul, the capital city of South Korea, and suggested a novel approach to create a tree profile and inventory based on deep learning algorithms. We classified urban tree species using the YOLO (You Only Look Once), one of the most popular deep learning object detection algorithms, which provides an uncomplicated method of creating datasets with custom classes. We further utilized semantic segmentation algorithm and graphical analysis to estimate tree profile parameters by determining the relative location of the interface of tree and ground surface. We evaluated the performance of the model by comparing the estimated tree heights, diameters, and locations from the model with the field measurements as ground truth. The results are promising and demonstrate the potential of the method for creating urban street tree profile inventory. In terms of tree species classification, the method showed the mean average precision (mAP) of 0.564. When we used the ideal tree images, the method also reported the normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE) for the tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and distances from the camera to the trees as 0.24, 0.44, and 0.41. Numéro de notice : A2022-503 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2022.06.004 Date de publication en ligne : 22/06/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2022.06.004 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101001 [article]

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