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Rapid ecosystem change at the southern limit of the Canadian Arctic, Torngat Mountains National Park / Emma L. Davis in Remote sensing, vol 13 n° 11 (June-1 2021)  

Public [article]  inRemote sensing > vol 13 n° 11 (June-1 2021) . - n° 2085 Titre : Rapid ecosystem change at the southern limit of the Canadian Arctic, Torngat Mountains National Park Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Emma L. Davis, Auteur ; Andrew Trant, Auteur ; Robert G. Way, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 2085 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] arbuste [Termes IGN] Arctique [Termes IGN] Canada [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] classification par forêts aléatoires [Termes IGN] détection de changement [Termes IGN] écosystème [Termes IGN] écotone [Termes IGN] géostatistique [Termes IGN] image Landsat-ETM+ [Termes IGN] image Landsat-OLI [Termes IGN] image Terra-MODIS [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes IGN] Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [Termes IGN] parc naturel national [Termes IGN] régression logistique [Termes IGN] surveillance de la végétation [Termes IGN] toundra Résumé : (auteur) Northern protected areas guard against habitat and species loss but are themselves highly vulnerable to environmental change due to their fixed spatial boundaries. In the low Arctic, Torngat Mountains National Park (TMNP) of Canada, widespread greening has recently occurred alongside warming temperatures and regional declines in caribou. Little is known, however, about how biophysical controls mediate plant responses to climate warming, and available observational data are limited in temporal and spatial scope. In this study, we investigated the drivers of land cover change for the 9700 km2 extent of the park using satellite remote sensing and geostatistical modelling. Random forest classification was used to hindcast and simulate land cover change for four different land cover types from 1985 to 2019 with topographic and surface reflectance imagery (Landsat archive). The resulting land cover maps, in addition to topographic and biotic variables, were then used to predict where future shrub expansion is likely to occur using a binomial regression framework. Land cover hindcasts showed a 235% increase in shrub and a 105% increase in wet vegetation cover from 1985/89 to 2015/19. Shrub cover was highly persistent and displaced wet vegetation in southern, low-elevation areas, whereas wet vegetation expanded to formerly dry, mid-elevations. The predictive model identified both biotic (initial cover class, number of surrounding shrub neighbors), and topographic variables (elevation, latitude, and distance to the coast) as strong predictors of future shrub expansion. A further 51% increase in shrub cover is expected by 2039/43 relative to 2014 reference data. Establishing long-term monitoring plots within TMNP in areas where rapid vegetation change is predicted to occur will help to validate remote sensing observations and will improve our understanding of the consequences of change for biotic and abiotic components of the tundra ecosystem, including important cultural keystone species. Numéro de notice : A2021-442 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/rs13112085 date de publication en ligne : 26/05/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112085 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97832 [article]

Climate–growth relationships at the transition between Fagus sylvatica and Pinus mugo forest communities in a Mediterranean mountain / Chiara Calderano in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020) Titre : Climate–growth relationships at the transition between Fagus sylvatica and Pinus mugo forest communities in a Mediterranean mountain Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Chiara Calderano, Auteur ; Claudia Cocozza, Auteur ; Caterina Palombo, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] changement d'occupation du sol [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] dendrochronologie [Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation [Termes IGN] écotone [Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes IGN] forêt subalpine [Termes IGN] Italie [Termes IGN] Pinus mugo subsp. uncinata [Termes IGN] précipitation [Termes IGN] température [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Key message: Species interactions implicate a complex balance of facilitation and competition, which may shift during community development, thus structuring the subalpine ecotone of Mediterranean mountain ranges through time and space. This study highlights that encroachment of grasslands and simultaneous downward/upward movement of forest tree species involve species interferences and environmental feedbacks, with differential effects on mountain pine and European beech, and the grassland communities of the Majella Massif. Context: The transitional ecotone from the European beech closed forest to the mountain pine krummholz vegetation in the Majella Massif (Apennines, Italy) is a sensitive area to climate and land-use changes. Vegetation shifts in these ecotonal zones may cause a negative impact on the spatial distribution and survival of rare or endemic herbaceous species, thus influencing the appearance, structure, and productivity of the subalpine ecotone of the Majella National Park. Aims: We focused on determining the structures and dynamics of this Mediterranean tree line, and the climate–growth relationships of European beech and mountain pine. We investigated the upward and downward movement of pine into areas potentially suitable for beech expansion, and the concurrent beech encroachment upward. Methods: Growth dynamics and canopy cover of European beech closed forest and mountain pine krummholz vegetation were analyzed in relation to disturbances at four different sites. Results: Spring and summer temperatures and summer precipitation affected stem radial growth of both species. In details, spring and summer temperatures negatively affected tree ring width (TRW) of European beech, except for the highest site, whereas spring temperatures affected positively and summer temperatures negatively TRW of mountain pine. Mountain pine expanded upward, encroaching formerly grazed pastures and harvested areas, especially where the soil is shallow and rocky; downward expansion is also occurring, following progressive abandonment of forest management practices. At the same time, European beech recruitment is moving upward, interspersed within mountain pine krummholz, taking advantage from canopy shelter and higher temperature. Conclusion: Climate and land-cover simultaneous changes induce species interactions and a complex balance of facilitation and competition, which may shift during community development and structure the subalpine European beech-mountain pine ecotone of the Majella Massif through time and space. Numéro de notice : A2020-357 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-020-00964-y date de publication en ligne : 17/06/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-020-00964-y Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95257 [article]

Evolution-based approach needed for the conservation and silviculture of peripheral forest tree populations / Bruno Fady in Forest ecology and management, vol 375 (1 September 2016)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 375 (1 September 2016) . - pp 66 - 75 Titre : Evolution-based approach needed for the conservation and silviculture of peripheral forest tree populations Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Bruno Fady, Auteur ; Filippos A. Aravanopoulos, Auteur ; Paraskevi Alizoti, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 66 - 75 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] distribution spatiale [Termes IGN] écologie forestière [Termes IGN] génétique [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] lisière [Termes IGN] peuplement forestier [Termes IGN] politique de conservation (biodiversité) [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) The fate of peripheral forest tree populations is of particular interest in the context of climate change. These populations may concurrently be those where the most significant evolutionary changes will occur; those most facing increasing extinction risk; the source of migrants for the colonization of new areas at leading edges; or the source of genetic novelty for reinforcing standing genetic variation in various parts of the range. Deciding which strategy to implement for conserving and sustainably using the genetic resources of peripheral forest tree populations is a challenge. Here, we review the genetic and ecological processes acting on different types of peripheral populations and indicate why these processes may be of general interest for adapting forests and forest management to climate change. We particularly focus on peripheral populations at the rear edge of species distributions where environmental challenges are or will become most acute. We argue that peripheral forest tree populations are “natural laboratories” for resolving priority research questions such as how the complex interaction between demographic processes and natural selection shape local adaptation; and whether genetic adaptation will be sufficient to allow the long-term persistence of species within their current distribution. Peripheral populations are key assets for adaptive forestry which need specific measures for their preservation. The traditionally opposing views which may exist between conservation planning and sustainable forestry need to be reconciled and harmonized for managing peripheral populations. Based on existing knowledge, we suggest approaches and principles which may be used for the management and conservation of these distinctive and valuable populations, to maintain active genetic and ecological processes that have sustained them over time. Numéro de notice : A2016-709 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.05.015 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=82083 [article]

Range-expanding wildlife: modelling the distribution of large mammals in Japan, with management implications / Masayuki U. Saito in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 30 n° 1-2 (January - February 2016)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 30 n° 1-2 (January - February 2016) . - pp 20 - 35 Titre : Range-expanding wildlife: modelling the distribution of large mammals in Japan, with management implications Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Masayuki U. Saito, Auteur ; Hiroshi Momose, Auteur ; Satoshi Inoue, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 20 - 35 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] conflit d'usage [Termes IGN] écotone [Termes IGN] habitat animal [Termes IGN] Japon [Termes IGN] Mammalia [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes IGN] modélisation spatiale [Termes IGN] répartition géographique Résumé : (auteur) The spatial distribution of large mammals has been increasing in industrial nations, often leading to conflicts with humans and significant alteration of natural ecosystems. Species distribution models (SDMs) of the sika deer, Japanese serow, wild boar, Japanese macaque and Asiatic black bear in Japan were constructed to identify the important factors for habitat management. We also projected two scenarios of their future range expansions under a scenario of no change in the variables, and one where the variables change according to a time series. Modelling showed that all species preferred forest and forest/agricultural ecotones. In the best models of the sika deer and wild boar, grasslands (GRASSs) were an important positive factor, while human population density and hunting pressures were negative factors. High human population density was also a negative factor with the Japanese serow and Asiatic black bear. Key environments for the distribution and expansion of large mammals were agricultural areas near forest and GRASSs. Therefore, limiting the access of large mammals to such habitats may contribute to wildlife management. In both scenarios, our projections suggest that the distributions of all species could expand by 2028, resulting in more conflict with humans and significant alterations to natural ecosystems in the future. In order to stop this damaging expansion, habitat management and landscape redesign are important. However, a SDM and future projection include uncertainty. It is necessary to validate the estimates and projections by monitoring the future changes in distribution. Numéro de notice : A2016-085 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/13658816.2014.952301 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2014.952301 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79870 [article]

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Effet de l’exposition sur la richesse et la composition floristique des lisières forestières dans le Gâtinais oriental (Loiret) / Richard Chevalier in Revue forestière française [en ligne], vol 67 n° 5 (septembre 2015)  

Public [article]  inRevue forestière française [en ligne] > vol 67 n° 5 (septembre 2015) . - pp 387 - 405 Titre : Effet de l’exposition sur la richesse et la composition floristique des lisières forestières dans le Gâtinais oriental (Loiret) Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Richard Chevalier, Auteur ; Audrey Alignier, Auteur ; Emilie Andrieu, Auteur ; Frédéric Archaux, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 387 - 405 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Brassica napus subsp. napus [Termes IGN] composition floristique [Termes IGN] flore locale [Termes IGN] Gatinais [Termes IGN] lisière [Termes IGN] Loiret (45) [Termes IGN] rayonnement solaire [Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestière Résumé : (auteur) Dans la région naturelle du Gâtinais oriental (Loiret), trente lisières abruptes entre forêt ancienne et champ de colza ont été étudiées. La moitié est en exposition fraîche alors que l’autre moitié est en exposition chaude. Un relevé de la flore vasculaire de 400 m2 a été réalisé le long de chaque lisière. Les résultats montrent des différences en termes de richesse spécifique et de composition floristique. La flore des lisières en exposition fraîche est plus sciaphile, hygrophile et forestière que celle des lisières en exposition chaude, plus thermophile, xérophile et typique des milieux agricoles. Ces résultats suggèrent que les lisières en exposition fraîche seraient plus propices à la conservation des espèces sensibles aux changements climatiques et à la fragmentation forestière. Obtenus avec un dispositif pour lequel de nombreux facteurs ont été contrôlés, ces résultats mériteraient d’être confrontés à d’autres contextes de types de lisières pour en valider le caractère générique. Numéro de notice : A2015--020 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article En ligne : http://hdl.handle.net/2042/59954 Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80827 [article]

Comparison of tree microhabitat abundance and diversity in the edges and interior of small temperate woodlands / Annie Ouin in Forest ecology and management, vol 340 (March 2015)  

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Stand structure and plant species occurrence in forest edge habitat along different aged roads on Okinawa Island, southwestern Japan / Tsutomu Enoki in Journal of Forest Research, vol 19 n° 1 (February 2014)  

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Corylus : influence de la composition et de la structure des masses forestières sur la biodiversité / Jean-Luc Dupouey (2010)

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The effects of forest structure on the risk of wind damage at a landscape level in a boreal forest ecosystem / Hongcheng Zeng in Annals of Forest Science, vol 67 n° 1 (January-February 2010)  

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Effects of atmospheric and climate change at the timberline of the Central European Alps / Gerhard Wieser in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 66 n° 4 (June 2009)  

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Effects of climate variables on intra-annual stem radial increment in Pinus cembra (L.) along the alpine treeline ecotone / Jolanda Zimmermann in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 66 n° 5 (July - August 2009)  

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Le guide pour la prise en compte de la biodiversité dans la gestion forestière / Marc Laporte (2009)    

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Biodiversité et gestion forestière : la gestion des lisières / Marion Gosselin in Forêt entreprise, n° 183 (novembre 2008)

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La forêt / Marc Galochet (2006)

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Object-oriented methods for habitat mapping at multiple scales : Case studies from Northern Germany and Wye Downs, UK / Michaël Bock in Journal for nature conservation, vol 13 n° 2-3 (July 2005)  

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