Centre de documentation
scientifique

Sweet chestnut forests under black locust invasion threat and different management: An assessment of stand structure and biodiversity / Thomas Campagnaro in Forest ecology and management, vol 537 (June-1 2023)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 537 (June-1 2023) . - n° 120907 Titre : Sweet chestnut forests under black locust invasion threat and different management: An assessment of stand structure and biodiversity Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Thomas Campagnaro, Auteur ; Giovanni Trentanovi, Auteur ; Simone Lacopino, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : n° 120907 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Castanea sativa [Termes IGN] forêt méditerranéenne [Termes IGN] gestion forestière [Termes IGN] insecte nuisible [Termes IGN] Italie [Termes IGN] orthoptère [Termes IGN] Robinia pseudoacacia [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) Sweet chestnut forests in Europe are impacted by management abandonment, non-native species invasions and diseases, among other factors. Understanding the effects of these factors is crucial for forecasting future biodiversity changes, as well as proposing appropriate planning and management strategies. We studied sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) dominated forests within three hilly landscapes (Euganean hills, Montello, and Berici hills) of north-eastern Italy. We surveyed 25 paired sweet chestnut and black locust dominated plots of 100 m2 representing coppice or over-aged stands. We collected and analysed data related to vascular plant composition and richness, soil physical features (moisture content, shear strength and penetration resistance), ammonia-oxidising archaea in the soil, and stand structure features. Composition of vascular plants differed significantly between the two forest types, without the influence of management regime. Soil characteristics did not change comparing forest types, management regimes and their interaction, except for soil moisture that was higher in coppice forests. Ammonia-oxidising archaea abundance was lower in sweet chestnut stands. Sweet chestnut and black locust forests have a similar stand structure. The management regime played a role in determining mean diameter, number of stems and deadwood volume. We suggest adopting a heterogeneous array of silviculture practices to achieve the highest variety of forest structures and plant composition in Mediterranean hilly landscapes, coupled with management practices aimed at black locust control. Numéro de notice : A2023-199 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2023.120907 Date de publication en ligne : 22/03/2023 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2023.120907 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=103090 [article]

Assessing the land expectation value of even-aged vs coppice-with-standards stand management and long-term effects of whole-tree harvesting on forest productivity and profitability / Abdelwahad Bessaad in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 3 (September 2021)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > vol 78 n° 3 (September 2021) . - n° 57 Titre : Assessing the land expectation value of even-aged vs coppice-with-standards stand management and long-term effects of whole-tree harvesting on forest productivity and profitability Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Abdelwahad Bessaad, Auteur ; Jean-Philippe Terreaux, Auteur ; Nathalie Korboulewsky, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 57 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Castanea sativa [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] marché du bois [Termes IGN] mortalité [Termes IGN] productivité [Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora [Termes IGN] récolte de bois [Vedettes matières IGN] Foresterie Résumé : (auteur) Key message: Whole-tree harvesting makes forests more profitable than conventional harvest as long as the impact on tree growth remains under 2.3% for even-aged oak ( Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and 3.4% for sweet chestnut ( Castanea sativa Mill.) coppice with oak standards. Coppice-with-standards may have potential to be more profitable than even-aged oak in case of 50% rise in fuelwood prices with 10% decrease in timber prices. Context: Making the shift to renewable energy sources requires increasing biomass removal from the forest in a sustainable way. Today, the most common practice for forest biomass extraction is whole-tree harvesting rather than conventional harvest in which only stems are harvested or sometimes branches larger than 7 cm in diameter. However, intensive biomass harvesting can certainly increase economic profitability but it could affect long-term forest productivity because more nutrients are exported from sites. Aims: We explored the land expectation value of even-aged oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) coppice with oak standards under different discount rates and wood prices scenarios, tree mortality triggered by climate variation as well as the effects of a decrease in forest productivity due to whole-tree harvesting on the land expectation value (LEV). Methods: We modeled two plausible harvesting scenarios for both stands and assessed their LEV. We first analyzed the sensitivity of the valuation results to discount rate, wood prices changes, and increased tree mortality rates. Second, we compared conventional harvest to whole-tree harvesting in which removing the fine wood implies a decrease in tree growth over the long term (between 1 and 10%). Results: In the current economic situation, the LEV of even-aged oak is higher than coppice-with-standards but this situation could be reversed in case of rising energy prices and lower timber prices in the future. The variation of the discount rate has a significant impact on the LEV but 3% seems to be adequate for European forests. A gradual increase in annual tree mortality rate of 0.6 and 0.9% along even-aged and CWS rotation, respectively, reduced the LEV by half, while increased mortality with constant rates along the rotations had more negative effect on the LEV than gradual increases: 0.4–0.5% increases in mortality rates reduced both LEV’s by half. Whole-tree harvesting is able to improve the LEV for both stands by 36 to 64% compared to conventional harvest; but this improvement of LEV only lasts as long as the impact on tree growth remains under 2.3 and 3.4%, respectively, for even-aged oak stand and coppice-with-standards. Conclusion: Whole-tree harvesting system increases forest profitability as long as the sustainability guidelines for biomass harvesting are respected. With the increased demand for fuelwood, the coppice-with-standards regime may become financially attractive once again and fulfill a multitude of forest owner objectives with a wide range of additional options. Numéro de notice : A2021-519 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-021-01071-2 Date de publication en ligne : 21/06/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-021-01071-2 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97943 [article]

Ensemble learning methods on the space of covariance matrices : application to remote sensing scene and multivariate time series classification / Sara Akodad (2021)  

Public Titre : Ensemble learning methods on the space of covariance matrices : application to remote sensing scene and multivariate time series classification Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Sara Akodad, Auteur ; Christian Germain, Directeur de thèse ; Lionel Bombrun, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Bordeaux : Université de Bordeaux Année de publication : 2021 Importance : 220 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie Thèse présentée pour obtenir le grade de Docteur de l'Université de Bordeaux, Spécialité Automatique, Productique, Signal et Image, Ingénierie cognitique Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image mixte [Termes IGN] analyse multivariée [Termes IGN] Castanea sativa [Termes IGN] classification dirigée [Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif [Termes IGN] déformation temporelle dynamique (algorithme) [Termes IGN] géométrie euclidienne [Termes IGN] image Sentinel-MSI [Termes IGN] image Sentinel-SAR [Termes IGN] maladie phytosanitaire [Termes IGN] matrice de covariance [Termes IGN] processus gaussien [Termes IGN] série temporelle [Termes IGN] surveillance forestière Index. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) In view of the growing success of second-order statistics in classification problems, the work of this thesis has been oriented towards the development of learning methods in manifolds. Indeed, covariance matrices are symmetric positive definite matrices that live in a non-Euclidean space. It is therefore necessary to adapt the classical tools of Euclidean geometry to handle this type of data. To do that, we have proposed to exploit the log-Euclidean metric. This latter allows to project the set of covariance matrices on a tangent plane to the manifold defined at a reference point, classically chosen equal to the identity matrix, followed by a vectorization step to obtain the log-Euclidean representation. On this tangent plane, it is possible to define parametric Gaussian models as well as Gaussian mixture models. Nevertheless, this projection on a single tangent plane can induce distortions. In order to overcome this limitation, we have proposed a GMM model composed of several tangent planes, where the reference points are defined by the centers of each cluster.In view of the success of neural networks, in particular convolutional neural networks (CNNs), we have proposed two hybrid transfer learning approaches based on the covariance matrix computed locally and globally on the CNN convolutional layers’ outputs. The local approach relies on the covariance matrices extracted locally on the first layers of a CNN, which are then encoded by the Fisher vectors computed on their log-Euclidean representation, while for the global approach, a single covariance matrix is computed on the feature maps of the CNN deep layers. Moreover, in order to give more importance to the objects of interest present in the images, we proposed to use a covariance matrix weighted by the saliency information. Furthermore, in order to take advantage of both local and global aspects, these two approaches are subsequently combined in an ensemble strategy.On the other hand, the availability of multivariate time series has aroused the interest of the remote sensing community and more generally of machine learning researchers for the development of new learning strategies dedicated to supervised classification. In particular, methods based on the calculation of point-to-point distance between series. Moreover, two series belonging to the same class can evolve in different ways, which can induce temporal distortions (translation, compression, dilation, etc.). To avoid this, warping methods allow to align the time series. In order to extend this approach to time series of covariance matrices, while ensuring invariance to the re-parametrization of the series, we were interested in the TSRVF representation. In the same context, several ensemble methods have been proposed in the literature, including TCK, which relies on similarity computation to classify time series. We have proposed to extend this strategy to covariance matrices by introducing the SO-TCK approach which relies on the log-Euclidean representation of such matrices. Finally, the last axis of this thesis concerns the modeling of temporal trajectories of signals measured by the radar (Sentinel 1) and optical (Sentinel 2) sensors. In particular, we are interested in the forestry problem of the chestnut ink disease in the Montmorency forest. For this purpose, we developed classification and regression models to predict a health status score from the covariance matrix computed on multi-temporal radiometric attributes. Note de contenu : Introduction 1- Riemannian geometry and statistical modeling on the space of Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrices 2- Ensemble learning approaches based on covariance pooling of CNN Features 3- Symmetric positive definite matrix time series classification 4- Forest health monitoring using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 time series Conclusions and perspectives Numéro de notice : 28605 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE/MATHEMATIQUE Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Automatique, Productique, Signal et Image, Ingénierie cognitique : Bordeaux : 2021 Organisme de stage : IMS DOI : sans En ligne : https://tel.hal.science/tel-03484011 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99446

Vulnerability of forest ecosystems to fire in the French Alps / Sylvain Dupire in European Journal of Forest Research, Vol 138 n° 5 (octobre 2019)  

Public [article]  inEuropean Journal of Forest Research > Vol 138 n° 5 (octobre 2019) . - pp 813 – 830 Titre : Vulnerability of forest ecosystems to fire in the French Alps Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Sylvain Dupire, Auteur ; Thomas Curt, Auteur ; Sylvain Bigot, Auteur ; Thibaut Fréjaville, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 813 – 830 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] canopée [Termes IGN] Castanea sativa [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] Fagus (genre) [Termes IGN] forêt alpestre [Termes IGN] France (administrative) [Termes IGN] houppier [Termes IGN] incendie de forêt [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France) [Termes IGN] Larix decidua [Termes IGN] logiciel de simulation [Termes IGN] mortalité [Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] variation saisonnière [Termes IGN] vulnérabilité [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Forest fires are expected to be more frequent and more intense with climate change, including in temperate and mountain forest ecosystems. In the Alps, forest vulnerability to fire resulting from interactions between climate, fuel types, vegetation structure and tree resistance to fire is little understood. This paper aims at identifying trends in the vulnerability of Alpine forest ecosystems to fire at different scales (tree species, stand level and biogeographic level) and according to three different climatic conditions (cold season, average summer and extremely dry summer). To explore Alpine forest vulnerability to fire, we used surface fuel measurements, forest inventory and fire weather data to simulate fire behaviour and ultimately post-fire tree mortality across 4438 forest plots in the French Alps. The results showed that cold season fires (about 50% of the fires in the French Alps) have a limited impact except on low-elevation forests of the Southern Alps (mainly Oak, Scots pine). In average summer conditions, mixed and broadleaved forests of low elevations suffer the highest mortality rates (up to 75% in coppices). Finally, summer fires occurring in extremely dry conditions promote high mortality across all forest communities. Lowest mortality rates were observed in high forest stands composed of tree species presenting adaptation to surface fires (e.g. thick bark, high canopy) such as Larch forests of the internal Alps. This study provides insights on the vulnerability of the main tree species and forest ecosystems of the French Alps useful for the adaptation of forest management practices to climate changes. Numéro de notice : A2019-565 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s10342-019-01206-1 Date de publication en ligne : 19/06/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-019-01206-1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94414 [article]

La forêt en chiffres et en cartes / Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (2012 -) (2013)    

Public Titre : La forêt en chiffres et en cartes : Le mémento [résultats issus des campagnes d’inventaire 2008 à 2012] Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (2012 -), Auteur Editeur : Saint-Mandé : Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière - IGN (2012-) Année de publication : 2013 Importance : 32 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies (genre) [Termes IGN] arbre caducifolié [Termes IGN] bois mort [Termes IGN] Carpinus betulus [Termes IGN] Castanea sativa [Termes IGN] espèce végétale [Termes IGN] Fagus (genre) [Termes IGN] feuillu [Termes IGN] forêt [Termes IGN] France métropolitaine [Termes IGN] Fraxinus (genre) [Termes IGN] grande région écologique [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France) [Termes IGN] peuplement forestier [Termes IGN] Picea abies [Termes IGN] Pinophyta [Termes IGN] Pinus (genre) [Termes IGN] Populus (genre) [Termes IGN] production agricole végétale [Termes IGN] Quercus (genre) [Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestier Note de contenu : La forêt dans le monde La forêt en France métropolitaine L’évolution de la surface forestière Le taux de boisement par département et par sylvoécorégion À qui la forêt appartient-elle ? La composition des peuplements. La diversité des peuplements Le bois vivant sur pied La production biologique annuelle Les prélèvements de bois Les peupleraies Le bois mort sur pied Le bois mort au sol Les chênes Le hêtre - Le charme Le frêne - Le châtaignier Le pin maritime - Le pin sylvestre L’épicéa commun - Le sapin pectiné Les pins laricio et noir - Le douglas Quelques données régionales Numéro de notice : 15739 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN (2012-2019) Thématique : FORET Nature : Rapport statistique nature-HAL : Rapport DOI : sans En ligne : https://fr.calameo.com/read/001188582049096893baf Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=39112

Voir aussi

• La forêt française / Inventaire forestier national (1958 - 2011) (2010) 
• La forêt en chiffres et en cartes / Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (2012 -) (2012)    
• La forêt en chiffres et en cartes / Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (2012 -) (2014)    
• La forêt en chiffres et en cartes / Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (2012 -) (2016)    
• Le mémento inventaire forestier, édition 2017 / Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (2012 -) (2017)    
• La forêt française : état des lieux et évolutions récentes / M. Garnier (2018)    

Documents numériques

peut être téléchargé 15739_memento-chiffres-forestiers-2013.pdf Adobe Acrobat PDF

Variation in spring and autumn freezing resistance among and within Spanish wild populations of Castanea sativa / Raquel Díaz in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 66 n° 7 (October - November 2009)  

Permalink

Mon taillis de châtaignier est-il améliorable ? 1re partie / Jean-François Rabin in Forêts de France, n° 515 (juillet - août 2008)

Permalink

Mon taillis de châtaignier est-il améliorable ? 2e partie / Jean-François Rabin in Forêts de France, n° 515 (juillet - août 2008)

Permalink

Le Haut-Cabardès relance sa filière "châtaignier" / Robert Fages in Le Bois International : l'officiel du bois [édition verte], vol 2008 n° 19 (24 mai 2008)

Permalink

Typologie des stations forestières et interprétations biogéographiques : application à une comparaison Bas-Dauphiné / avant-pays savoyard / Didier Joud in Revue d'écologie alpine, vol 3 (1996)  

Permalink