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How do tree mortality models from combined tree-ring and inventory data affect projections of forest succession? / Marco Vanoni in Forest ecology and management, vol 433 (15 February 2019)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 433 (15 February 2019) . - pp 606 - 617 Titre : How do tree mortality models from combined tree-ring and inventory data affect projections of forest succession? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marco Vanoni, Auteur ; Maxime Cailleret, Auteur ; Lisa Hülsmann, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 606 - 617 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation [Termes descripteurs IGN] Abies alba [Termes descripteurs IGN] arbre (flore) [Termes descripteurs IGN] arbre mort [Termes descripteurs IGN] croissance végétale [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre des arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] données dendrométriques [Termes descripteurs IGN] dynamique de la végétation [Termes descripteurs IGN] Europe centrale [Termes descripteurs IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Termes descripteurs IGN] larix decidua [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de croissance [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] mortalité [Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea abies [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus cembra [Termes descripteurs IGN] prévision [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus (genre) [Termes descripteurs IGN] Suisse Résumé : (auteur) Tree mortality is caused by complex interactions between multiple biotic and abiotic factors. Processes of tree mortality that are not induced by natural disturbances are often reflected in distinct radial growth patterns of trees, which typically serve as reliable indicators of impending tree mortality. However, it remains unclear whether empirical mortality models that are based on tree size and growth result in more realistic projections of forest succession in dynamic vegetation models (DVMs). We used a combination of tree-ring and inventory data from unmanaged Swiss natural forest reserves to derive species-specific survival models for six Central European tree species (Abies alba, Fagus sylvatica, Larix decidua, Picea abies, Pinus cembra and Quercus spp.). We jointly used 528 tree-ring samples and inventory data from eight forest reserves. We implemented the estimated parameters of the survival models into the DVM ForClim and performed simulations of forest succession that were validated using the inventory data of the forest reserves. Size- and growth-dependent variables (i.e., diameter at breast height and mean ring width) over the last few years prior to tree death were reliable predictors to distinguish between dying and living trees. Very low mean ring widths over several preceding years as well as small and large trees, respectively, reflected low survival probabilities. However, the small sample sizes of small and large trees resulted in considerable uncertainty of the survival probabilities. The implementation of these survival models in ForClim yielded plausible projections in short-term simulations and for some sites improved the predictions compared to the current ForClim version. Stand basal area, however, tended to be overestimated. Long-term simulations of ForClim based on the empirical survival models resulted in realistic predictions only if the uncertainty of the predicted survival probabilities was considered. We conclude that the combination of different data sources in combination with the consideration of intra-specific trait variability yields robust predictions of tree survival probabilities, thus paving the way towards better tree mortality models and more reliable projections of future forest dynamics. Numéro de notice : A2019-009 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.042 date de publication en ligne : 29/11/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.042 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91603 [article]

Future management options for cembran pine forests close to the alpine timberline / Nathalia Jandl in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 75 n° 3 (September 2018)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 75 n° 3 (September 2018) Titre : Future management options for cembran pine forests close to the alpine timberline Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Nathalia Jandl, Auteur ; Robert Jandl, Auteur ; Andreas Schindlbacher, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] biomasse forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] changement climatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] économie forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt alpestre [Termes descripteurs IGN] gestion forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] grume [Termes descripteurs IGN] larix decidua [Termes descripteurs IGN] marché du bois [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus cembra [Termes descripteurs IGN] prévention des risques [Termes descripteurs IGN] puits de carbone [Termes descripteurs IGN] service écosystémique [Termes descripteurs IGN] simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] Tyrol (Autriche) [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) Key message: High-elevation forests in the Alps protect infrastructure and human lives against natural hazards such as rockfall, flooding, and avalanches. Routinely performed silvicultural interventions maintain the required stand structure but are not commercially viable in remote forests due to high operational costs. Financial subsidies for the management of high-elevation protection forests are an efficient strategy to ensure sustainable forest cover. Context:Presently, many high-elevation forests in the Alps are managed in order to ensure the provision of ecosystem services with emphasis on the minimization of natural hazards. Aims: We studied the possible economic performance of a high-elevation protection forest from an owner’s perspective. We investigated whether the increase in productivity due to climate change and a favorable market for the dominating cembran pine (Pinus cembra L.) are sufficient for profitable timber production in protection forests. Methods: We simulated the standing timber stock and the soil carbon pool for a 100-year period with climate-sensitive models and compared harvesting costs with expected revenues. Our scenarios included different climates, intensities of timber extractions, parameters of the timber market, and the availability of government subsidies. Results: Overall, the productivity of forests increases by approximately 15% until the end of the century. In a zero-management scenario, the forest accumulates carbon both in the aboveground biomass and the soil. In the case of an extensive management with moderate timber extractions every 50 years, the carbon stocks decline both in biomass and soil. A more intensive management scenario with extractions every 30 years leads to substantial losses of the soil and biomass carbon pools. In addition, the stand structure changes and the protective function of the forest is not sustainably ensured. Timber production can be economically successful only with high selling prices of cembran pine timber and the availability of governmental subsidies for forest management. The admixed European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) contributes only marginally to the economic success. The main challenge are harvesting costs. The costs of timber extraction by a long-distance cableway logging system exceed the value of the harvested timber. Conclusion: The intensification of forest management cannot be recommended from the perspective of timber production, sustainable forest management, and protection against natural hazards. Our simulation experiment shows that the extraction of timber at decadal intervals depletes the carbon stock that is insufficiently replenished from aboveground and belowground litterfall. Leaving the forest unmanaged does not impose a particular threat to stand stability and is under the encountered situation, a justified strategy. Numéro de notice : A2018-332 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0760-4 date de publication en ligne : 15/08/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0760-4 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90483 [article]

How much does climate change threaten European forest tree species distributions? / Marcin K. Dyderski in Global change biology, vol inconnu ([09/10/2017])  

Public [article]  inGlobal change biology > vol inconnu [09/10/2017] Titre : How much does climate change threaten European forest tree species distributions? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marcin K. Dyderski, Auteur ; Sonia Paz, Auteur ; Lee E. Frelich, Auteur ; Andrzej M. Jagodzinski, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] Abies alba [Termes descripteurs IGN] Betula pendula [Termes descripteurs IGN] changement climatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] distribution spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt tempérée [Termes descripteurs IGN] fraxinus excelsior [Termes descripteurs IGN] gestion forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] habitat (nature) [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Termes descripteurs IGN] larix decidua [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea abies [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes descripteurs IGN] pseudotsuga menziesii [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus pedunculata [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus rubra [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus sessiliflora [Termes descripteurs IGN] Robinia pseudoacacia [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Although numerous species distribution models have been developed, most were based on insufficient distribution data or used older climate change scenarios. We aimed to quantify changes in projected ranges and threat level by the years 2061-2080, for 12 European forest tree species under three climate change scenarios. We combined tree distribution data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, EUFORGEN and forest inventories, and we developed species distribution models using MaxEnt and 19 bioclimatic variables. Models were developed for three climate change scenarios – optimistic (RCP2.6), moderate (RCP4.5) and pessimistic (RPC8.5) – using three General Circulation Models, for the period 2061-2080. Our study revealed different responses of tree species to projected climate change. The species may be divided into three groups: “winners” – mostly late-successional species: Abies alba, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur and Q. petraea; “losers” – mostly pioneer species: Betula pendula, Larix decidua, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris and alien species – Pseudotsuga menziesii, Q. rubra and Robinia pseudoacacia, which may be also considered as “winners”. Assuming limited migration, most of the species studied would face significant decrease of suitable habitat area. The threat level was highest for species that currently have the northernmost distribution centers. Ecological consequences of the projected range contractions would be serious for both forest management and nature conservation. Numéro de notice : A2017-680 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1111/gcb.13925 En ligne : http://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13925 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=87220 [article]

Automatic mapping of forest stands based on three-dimensional point clouds derived from terrestrial laser-scanning / Tim Ritter in Forests, vol 8 n° 8 (August 2017)  

Public [article]  inForests > vol 8 n° 8 (August 2017) Titre : Automatic mapping of forest stands based on three-dimensional point clouds derived from terrestrial laser-scanning Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Tim Ritter, Auteur ; Marcel Schwarz, Auteur ; Andreas Tockner, Auteur ; Friedrich Leisch, Auteur ; Arne Nothdurft, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] Abies alba [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse de groupement [Termes descripteurs IGN] Autriche [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes descripteurs IGN] données lidar [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes descripteurs IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes) [Termes descripteurs IGN] larix decidua [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement forestier [Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea abies [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes descripteurs IGN] Préalpes (Europe) [Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestier Résumé : (Auteur) Mapping of exact tree positions can be regarded as a crucial task of field work associated with forest monitoring, especially on intensive research plots. We propose a two-stage density clustering approach for the automatic mapping of tree positions, and an algorithm for automatic tree diameter estimates based on terrestrial laser-scanning (TLS) point cloud data sampled under limited sighting conditions. We show that our novel approach is able to detect tree positions in a mixed and vertically structured stand with an overall accuracy of 91.6%, and with omission- and commission error of only 5.7% and 2.7% respectively. Moreover, we were able to reproduce the stand’s diameter in breast height (DBH) distribution, and to estimate single trees DBH with a mean average deviation of ±2.90 cm compared with tape measurements as reference. Numéro de notice : A2017-876 Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/f8080265 date de publication en ligne : 25/07/2017 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f8080265 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91195 [article]

Determining tree height and crown diameter from high-resolution UAV imagery / Dimitrios Panagiotidis in International Journal of Remote Sensing IJRS, vol 38 n° 8-10 (April 2017)  

Public [article]  inInternational Journal of Remote Sensing IJRS > vol 38 n° 8-10 (April 2017) . - pp 2392 - 2410 Titre : Determining tree height and crown diameter from high-resolution UAV imagery Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Dimitrios Panagiotidis, Auteur ; Azadeh Abdollahnejad, Auteur ; Peter Surový, Auteur ; Vasco Chiteculo, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp 2392 - 2410 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] Betula pendula [Termes descripteurs IGN] hauteur des arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] houppier [Termes descripteurs IGN] image aérienne [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes) [Termes descripteurs IGN] larix decidua [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle numérique de surface de la canopée [Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea abies [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes descripteurs IGN] reconstruction 3D [Termes descripteurs IGN] séquence d'images [Termes descripteurs IGN] structure-from-motion [Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestier Résumé : (auteur) Advances in computer vision and the parallel development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) allow for the extensive use of UAV in forest inventory and in indirect measurements of tree features. We used UAV-sensed high-resolution imagery through photogrammetry and Structure from Motion (SfM) to estimate tree heights and crown diameters. We reconstructed 3D structures from 2D image sequences for two study areas (25 × 25 m). Species composition for Plot 1 included Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) together with European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), whereas Plot 2 was mainly Norway spruce and Scots pine together with scattered individuals of European larch and Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.). The involved workflow used canopy height models (CHMs) for the extraction of height, the smoothing of raster images for the determination of the local maxima, and Inverse Watershed Segmentation (IWS) for the estimation of the crown diameters with the help of a geographical information system (GIS). Finally, we validated the accuracies of the two methods by comparing the UAV results with ground measurements. The results showed higher agreement between field and remote-sensed data for heights than for crown diameters based on RMSE%, which were in the range 11.42–12.62 for height and 14.29–18.56 for crown diameter. Overall, the accuracy of the results was acceptable and showed that the methods were feasible for detecting tree heights and crown diameter. Numéro de notice : A2017-683 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/01431161.2016.1264028 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2016.1264028 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=87246 [article]

Genetic differentiation of European larch along an altitudinal gradient in the French Alps / Maxime Nardin in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 72 n° 5 (July 2015)  

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Do competition-density rule and self-thinning rule agree? / Sonja Vospernik in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 72 n° 3 (May 2015)  

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Les « Forêts alpines à Larix decidua et/ou Pinus cembra » (UE 9420) / Vincent Gaudillat (2011) 

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Effects of atmospheric and climate change at the timberline of the Central European Alps / Gerhard Wieser ; Rainer Matyssek ; Roland Luzian ; Peter Zwerger ; Peter Pindur ; Walter Oberhuber ; Andreas Gruber in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 66 n° 4 (June 2009)

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Comparing needle and shoot phenology with xylem development on three conifer species in Italy / Sergio Rossi ; Cyrille B.K. Rathgeber ; Annie Deslauriers in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 66 n° 2 (march 2009)

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Genetic diversity and breeding of larch (Larix decidua Mill.) in Romania / Georgeta Mihai ; Maria Teodosiu in Annals of forest research, vol 52 n° 1 (January 2009)    

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Le mélèze d'Europe / Nathalie Tordjman in Terre sauvage, n° Hors-série (automne 2008)

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Le mélèze dans la Vallée de l'Ubaye (Basses-Alpes) : ses groupements naturels, le phénomène " per descensum " / André Lavagne in Annales des Sciences forestières, vol 21 n° 4 (octobre 1964)  

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