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Factors affecting winter damage and recovery of newly planted Norway spruce seedlings in boreal forests / Jaana Luoranen in Forest ecology and management, vol 503 (January-1 2022)
[article]
Titre : Factors affecting winter damage and recovery of newly planted Norway spruce seedlings in boreal forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jaana Luoranen, Auteur ; Johanna Riikonen, Auteur ; Timo Saksa, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 119759 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] coupe rase (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] dommage forestier causé par facteurs naturels
[Termes IGN] Finlande
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] hiver
[Termes IGN] phénomène météorologique
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] semis (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] stockage
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) In boreal and temperate forest zones, snowless winters and springs with varying temperature conditions are becoming more common with climate change. In the spring of 2020, extensive winter damage in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings, which had been planted the previous year in Central Finland, was observed. In most cases, the probable reason was winter desiccation. This provided a good opportunity to study the regeneration site, seedling, and weather factors that affect winter damage and the recovery of seedlings from damage. In the study, systematic plot sampling was done in 60 selected regeneration sites where damage was known to have occurred. The prediction models for the probabilities of winter damage and the recovery of seedlings were fit to the data. The risk of winter damage was higher in seedlings packed in a closed package than in seedlings stored in open trays. The risk was especially high if seedlings packed in a closed package were stored for more than a week before planting in the middle of June or later. In open trays, the risk of damage was highest in seedlings planted in September, but even then, the risk was lower than in seedlings packed in a closed package. Long storage duration also increased the damage risk in seedlings stored in open trays and planted in September. Other factors that increased damage were coarse soil and the sample plot being on top of a hill. Factors reducing the risk were a fast chain from clear-cutting to planting, planting in good-quality mounds, a sample plot position on the north slope, and the shading of the forest edge on the southern side of a plot. Recovery of seedlings was weaker when seedlings were stored in a closed package and planted in the fall, in too shallow planting depth, or in humus-covered mounds. Recovery improved when seedlings were planted at a depth of at least 5 cm, or when the coniferous forest edge was on the southern or western side of a plot. Winter damage reduced seedling growth and induced the formation of multiple leaders. In practice, the most important factors to be taken into account were avoiding long storage duration and planting seedlings packed in a closed package after the middle of June. Good-quality site preparation and planting were also important for minimizing the risk of damage and improving recovery. Numéro de notice : A2022-011 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119759 Date de publication en ligne : 07/10/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119759 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99068
in Forest ecology and management > vol 503 (January-1 2022) . - n° 119759[article]Genetic diversity of sessile oak populations in the Czech Republic / Jakub Dvořák in Journal of forest science, vol 68 n° 1 (January 2022)
[article]
Titre : Genetic diversity of sessile oak populations in the Czech Republic Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jakub Dvořák, Auteur ; Jiri Korecký, Auteur ; Zuzana Faltinová, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 8 - 18 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] diversité génétique
[Termes IGN] génétique forestière
[Termes IGN] optimisation (mathématiques)
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora
[Termes IGN] République Tchèque
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) The sessile oak is a broadleaved tree species of great ecological and silvicultural importance. Oaks are the second most widespread deciduous tree species in the Czech Republic, and ongoing climate change negatively affects the abundant and often monocultural Norway spruce. Therefore, a proportional increase of more resilient tree species such as sessile oak has emerged. This study aimed to depict population genetic diversity when analysing 272 individuals from 10 subpopulations selected across the Czech Republic. Targeted populations were chosen based on the minimal expected human impact on the stand (presumably autochthonous stands). All individuals were genotyped using 18 polymorphic microsatellite markers (SSRs) assembled into two amplification multiplexes. The high discriminatory power of SSR markers was tested and confirmed by the probability of identity analysis. The genetic differentiation of the subpopulations was low yet significant, quantified by Wright’s F-statistics within the range from 0.012 to 0.029. Based on discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), we detected two populations with geographic genetic correlation (the 15th meridian east being a north-south boundary line) and one with a distinct genetic pattern. We assume that the population might previously be established from seed sources outside the Czech Republic. Moreover, to some extent, our findings advocate the legitimacy of the legislative rules for forest reproductive material (FRM) transfer. Numéro de notice : A2022-116 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.17221/99/2021-JFS Date de publication en ligne : 05/01/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.17221/99/2021-JFS Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99642
in Journal of forest science > vol 68 n° 1 (January 2022) . - pp 8 - 18[article]Regeneration of spruce - fir - beech mixed forests under climate and ungulate pressure / Mithila Unkule (2022)
Titre : Regeneration of spruce - fir - beech mixed forests under climate and ungulate pressure Titre original : Régénération des forêts mixtes épicéa - sapin - hêtre sous la pression du climat et des ongulés Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Mithila Unkule, Auteur ; Benoît Courbaud, Directeur de thèse ; Philippe Balandier, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Grenoble [France] : Université Grenoble Alpes Année de publication : 2022 Importance : pp 207 Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Thèse pour obtenir le grade de Docteur de l'Université Grenoble Alpes, Spécialité Biodiversité, Ecologie, EnvironnementLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies alba
[Termes IGN] Alpes (France)
[Termes IGN] altitude
[Termes IGN] aménagement forestier
[Termes IGN] Cervidae
[Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation
[Termes IGN] écologie forestière
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] forêt inéquienne
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable
[Termes IGN] jeune arbre
[Termes IGN] Jura, massif du
[Termes IGN] pente
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture)
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) Global environmental changes are affecting tree population demography with potentially significant impacts on forest biodiversity and wood industry. Forest regeneration processes include seed production, growth and survival of saplings to the recruitment sizes at which trees are considered in forest inventories. Changes in regeneration dynamics directly affect forest composition and structure and can jeopardize the sustainability of forest management. This is especially the case in mountain forests where environmental gradients are strong and where forests are often uneven-aged, i.e. combining trees of all ages in a single stand. Regeneration processes are difficult to monitor. Large data sets often give only fixed pictures of sapling densities with little information on demographic processes. In this thesis, we quantified the effects of different biotic and abiotic factors on regeneration dynamics of Picea abies (spruce), Abies alba (fir) and Fagus sylvatica (beech) in the French Alps and Jura mountains. We also predicted changes in tree recruitment fluxes in these forests, for potential climate change situations. We recorded sapling height increment and density of spruce, fir and beech in 152 plots across the French Alps and Jura mountains. We then analysed how biotic and abiotic factors known to affect regeneration, namely altitude, slope, aspect, light availability, soil characteristics, ungulate browsing, temperature, precipitation and evapotranspiration, affected sapling density and growth using non-linear mixed models. We showed that temperature has a positive non-linear effect on sapling height growth and water resource availability has a positive effect on sapling density. Terminal shoot browsing, which prevents sapling height growth, is especially frequent on fir. In a second analysis, we built a more comprehensive model of regeneration dynamics, representing explicitly the process of new seedling production, sapling growth, browsing and survival, and finally their recruitment into adult trees. We predicted parameters for these processes in combination, using Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC), based on the field data collected earlier. The results imply that more frequent and intense heat and drought events could negatively influence sapling growth and survival of the three species, with probable reduction of forest renewal fluxes. An increase of ungulate populations leading to increased browsing could be especially detrimental to fir and possibly also to beech saplings. We also predicted the potential tree recruitment fluxes for different IPCC climate projection scenarios for the year 2100, and showed that a reduction in tree recruitments is highly likely. This study shows that the ABC method can be efficiently used to estimate regeneration dynamic processes, based on sapling density, height increment and browsing data. It highlights the vulnerability of future forest regeneration to water availability and ungulate presence, urging researchers and forest managers alike to anticipate future potential important changes in mountain forest dynamics. Note de contenu : 1- Introduction
2- Theoretical framework
3- Spruce-fir-beech regeneration in French Alps
4- Estimating regeneration processes and tree recruitment rates
5- Discussion and perspectives
6- ConclusionsNuméro de notice : 15288 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Biodiversité, Ecologie, Environnement : Grenoble : 2022 Organisme de stage : Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne DOI : sans En ligne : https://tel.hal.science/tel-03722811 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101511 Understory plant community responses to widespread spruce mortality in a subalpine forest / Trevor A. Carter in Journal of vegetation science, vol 33 n° 1 (January 2022)
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Titre : Understory plant community responses to widespread spruce mortality in a subalpine forest Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Trevor A. Carter, Auteur ; Paula J. Fornwalt, Auteur ; Katleen A. Dwire, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : 15 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies alba
[Termes IGN] forêt subalpine
[Termes IGN] insecte nuisible
[Termes IGN] Leaf Area Index
[Termes IGN] maladie phytosanitaire
[Termes IGN] mortalité
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] régression linéaire
[Termes IGN] semis (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] sous-étage
[Termes IGN] Wyoming (Etats-Unis)
[Vedettes matières IGN] ForesterieRésumé : (auteur) Aims: Spruce beetles (Dendroctonus rufipennis) are causing widespread spruce (Picea spp.) mortality in subalpine forests in western North America. Spruce beetles are changing forest structure and composition by killing a dominant overstory species, but we know little about how the understory community responds to the increase in resource availability brought about by spruce mortality, what mechanisms drive its response, or how its response affects other forest properties and processes.
Location: Glacier Lakes Ecosystem Experiments Site, Medicine Bow Mountains, Wyoming, USA.
Methods: We measured understory community cover and richness in 75 permanent plots during and 10 years after an epidemic spruce beetle outbreak, and measured trait values for 46 common understory species. We used linear regression to determine how the understory community has changed over time and along a gradient of spruce mortality, and to evaluate the relative support for two mechanisms contributing to species responses.
Results: Understory cover nearly doubled between sampling periods and increased the most where spruce mortality was most severe. Understory richness doubled and showed a weak positive trend with spruce mortality. Understory species with the largest increases in cover were the most frequent across the landscape before the disturbance, were the tallest at maturity and had the lowest leaf turgor loss points. Fir seedling density decreased over time, with decreases lessening with increases in understory cover. Changes in spruce seedling density were not predicted by changes in understory cover.
Conclusions: Our findings highlight some of the diverse ways in which understory communities can be altered by spruce beetle outbreaks, and how the direction and magnitude of change can depend on the amount of spruce mortality as well as on priority effects and traits of pre-disturbance species. Our findings also highlight how understory community changes can have implications for other forest properties and processes, such as tree regeneration and forest recovery.Numéro de notice : A2022-173 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1111/jvs.13109 Date de publication en ligne : 14/12/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13109 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99809
in Journal of vegetation science > vol 33 n° 1 (January 2022) . - 15 p.[article]Modeling post-logging height growth of black spruce-dominated boreal forests by combining airborne LiDAR and time since harvest maps / Batistin Bour in Forest ecology and management, vol 502 (December-15 2021)
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Titre : Modeling post-logging height growth of black spruce-dominated boreal forests by combining airborne LiDAR and time since harvest maps Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Batistin Bour, Auteur ; Victor Danneyrolles, Auteur ; Yan Boucher, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 119697 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] carte forestière
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] forêt de production
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière
[Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes IGN] modèle de croissance végétale
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] Picea mariana
[Termes IGN] productivité
[Termes IGN] Québec (Canada)
[Termes IGN] récolte de bois
[Termes IGN] semis de pointsRésumé : (auteur) Increase in forest disturbance due to land use as well as climate change has led to an expansion of young forests worldwide, which drives global carbon dynamics and timber allocation. This study presents a method that combines a single airborne LiDAR acquisition and time since harvest maps to model height growth of post-logged black spruce-dominated forests in a 1700 km2 eastern Canadian boreal landscape. We developed a random forest model in which forest height at a 20 m × 20 m pixel resolution is a function of stand age, combined with environmental variables (e.g., slope, site moisture, surface deposit). Our results highlight the model's strong predictive power: least-square regression between predicted and observed height of our validation dataset was very close to the 1:1 relation and strongly supported by validation metrics (R2 = 0.74; relative RMSE = 19%). Environmental variables thus allowed to accurately predict forest productivity with a high spatial resolution (20 m × 20 m pixels) and predicted forest height growth in the first 50 years after logging ranged between 16 and 27 cm·year−1 across the whole study area, with a mean of 20.5 cm·year−1. The spatial patterns of potential height growth were strongly linked to the effect of topographical variables, with better growth rates on mesic slopes compared to poorly drained soils. Such models could have key implications in forest management, for example to maintain forest ecosystem services by adjusting the harvesting rates depending on forest productivity across the landscapes. Numéro de notice : A2021-708 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119697 Date de publication en ligne : 25/09/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119697 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98819
in Forest ecology and management > vol 502 (December-15 2021) . - n° 119697[article]The efficiency of retention measures in continuous-cover forestry for conserving epiphytic cryptogams: A case study on Abies alba / Stefan Kaufmann in Forest ecology and management, vol 502 (December-15 2021)PermalinkEarly detection of spruce vitality loss with hyperspectral data: Results of an experimental study in Bavaria, Germany / Kathrin Einzmann in Remote sensing of environment, vol 266 (December 2021)PermalinkExtensification and afforestation of cultivated mineral soil for climate change mitigation in Finland / Boris Tupek in Forest ecology and management, vol 501 (December-1 2021)PermalinkModelling bark volume for six commercially important tree species in France: assessment of models and application at regional scale / Rodolphe Bauer in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 4 (December 2021)PermalinkModelling the impact of climate change on the occurrence of frost damage in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) in Great Britain / A.A. Atucha-Zamkova in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 94 n° 5 (December 2021)PermalinkAbove-ground biomass change estimation using national forest inventory data with Sentinel-2 and Landsat / Stefano Puliti in Remote sensing of environment, vol 265 (November 2021)PermalinkVariation in downed deadwood density, biomass, and moisture during decomposition in a natural temperate forest / Tomas Přívětivý in Forests, vol 12 n° 10 (October 2021)PermalinkDetection of aspen in conifer-dominated boreal forests with seasonal multispectral drone image point clouds / Alwin A. Hardenbol in Silva fennica, vol 55 n° 4 (September 2021)PermalinkLarge-area inventory of species composition using airborne laser scanning and hyperspectral data / Hans Ole Ørka in Silva fennica, vol 55 n° 4 (September 2021)PermalinkPicea abies and Pseudotsuga menziesii radial growth in relation to climate: case study from South Bohemia / Jan Mondek in Austrian journal of forest science, vol 2021 n° 3 (2021)PermalinkSpatial patterns of living and dead small trees in subalpine Norway spruce forest reserves in Switzerland / Eva Bianchi in Forest ecology and management, vol 494 (August-15 2021)PermalinkForest floor bryophyte and lichen diversity in Scots pine and Norway spruce production forests / Lisa Petersson in Forest ecology and management, vol 493 (August-1 2021)PermalinkPhenotypic variability and differences in the drought response of Norway spruce pendula and pyramidalis half-sib families / Marius Budeanu in Forests, vol 12 n° 7 (July 2021)PermalinkUpdating of forest stand data by using recent digital photogrammetry in combination with older airborne laser scanning data / Niels Lindgren in Scandinavian journal of forest research, vol 36 n° 5 ([01/07/2021])PermalinkPredicting tree species based on the geometry and density of aerial laser scanning point cloud of treetops / Nina Kranjec in Geodetski vestnik, vol 65 n° 2 (June - August 2021)PermalinkProvisioning forest and conservation science with high-resolution maps of potential distribution of major European tree species under climate change / Debojyoti Chakraborty in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 2 (June 2021)PermalinkWeak relationships of continuous forest management intensity and remotely sensed stand structural complexity in temperate mountain forests / Thomas Asbeck in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 3 (June 2021)PermalinkSelf-thinning tree mortality models that account for vertical stand structure, species mixing and climate / David I. Forrester in Forest ecology and management, Vol 487 ([01/05/2021])PermalinkModels for integrating and identifying the effect of senescence on individual tree survival probability for Norway spruce / Jouni Siipilehto in Silva fennica, vol 55 n° 2 (April 2021)PermalinkThe impact of drought stress on the height growth of young norway spruce full-sib and half-sib clonal trials in Sweden and Finland / Haleh Hayatgheibi in Forests, vol 12 n° 4 (April 2021)Permalink