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Vedettes matières IGN > Sylviculture
Sylviculture
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Techniques de culture des arbres et des peuplements forestiers. Les ouvrages généraux sur les forêts sont entrés sous la vedette "Forêt". Les ouvrages sur l'ensemble des arts, sciences et activités ayant pour objet les territoires boisés (aménagement, gestion, etc.) sont entrés sous la vedette "Foresterie" [Source : Bn-Opale Plus].
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The Impact of ash dieback on veteran trees in Southwestern Sweden / Vikki Bengtsson in Baltic forestry, vol 27 n° 1 ([01/01/2021])
[article]
Titre : The Impact of ash dieback on veteran trees in Southwestern Sweden Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Vikki Bengtsson, Auteur ; Anna Stenström, Auteur ; C. Philip Wheater, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 2 - 9 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Chalara fraxinea
[Termes IGN] coupe (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] dépérissement
[Termes IGN] Fraxinus excelsior
[Termes IGN] maladie phytosanitaire
[Termes IGN] mortalité
[Termes IGN] ombre
[Termes IGN] Suède
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) Ash dieback (Hymenoscyphus fraxineus) is a fungal disease which affects ash throughout Sweden. Monitoring to study of the impact of ash dieback on veteran trees was undertaken in southwest Sweden in 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2020. The study found that 94.5% of the ash trees observed were affected by ash dieback disease in 2020 compared with 62% in 2009. 70 of the studied ash trees have died (21%) since the monitoring began. In 2009 there was no relationship between girth and ash dieback, but in 2020 the correlation between girth and the impact of ash dieback was statistically significant. In 2020, also for the first time during monitoring, the ash trees in the shade were significantly more affected by ash dieback, compared with trees standing in the open. This difference was not detected in 2013 or 2015. The effect of ash dieback on pollarded trees has varied between the years studied, but in 2020 there is no longer any significant difference between the pollarded and the non-pollarded
ash trees. There was however a significant difference in the mortality rates between the groups of trees, with ash trees pollarded in more recent times having the highest mortality. Therefore, the recommendation in relation to veteran trees with ash dieback is that all pruning on veteran ash trees should be avoided. Pollarding should only be done on ash pollards that are in a regular cutting cycle and are not showing any symptoms of ash dieback. If possible, clear around old ash trees if they are in shaded conditions. Given that there are relatively few studies on the impact of ash dieback on veteran ash trees, the results of this study should also be relevant outside of Sweden and for the management of ash trees in non-woodland situations.Numéro de notice : A2021-824 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.46490/BF558 Date de publication en ligne : 02/06/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.46490/BF558 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98942
in Baltic forestry > vol 27 n° 1 [01/01/2021] . - pp 2 - 9[article]Comparison of spatially and nonspatially explicit nonlinear mixed effects models for Norway spruce individual tree growth under single-tree selection / Simone Bianchi in Forests, vol 11 n° 12 (December 2020)
[article]
Titre : Comparison of spatially and nonspatially explicit nonlinear mixed effects models for Norway spruce individual tree growth under single-tree selection Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Simone Bianchi, Auteur ; Mari Myllymäki, Auteur ; Jouni Siipilehto, Auteur ; Hannu Salminen, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 1338 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] arbre (flore)
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] modèle de croissance végétale
[Termes IGN] modèle non linéaire
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) Background and Objectives: Continuous cover forestry is of increasing importance, but operational forest growth models are still lacking. The debate is especially open if more complex spatial approaches would provide a worthwhile increase in accuracy. Our objective was to compare a nonspatial versus a spatial approach for individual Norway spruce tree growth models under single-tree selection cutting.
Materials and Methods: We calibrated nonlinear mixed models using data from a long-term experiment in Finland (20 stands with 3538 individual trees for 10,238 growth measurements). We compared the use of nonspatial versus spatial predictors to describe the competitive pressure and its release after cutting. The models were compared in terms of Akaike Information Criteria (AIC), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute bias (MAB), both with the training data and after cross-validation with a leave-one-out method at stand level.
Results: Even though the spatial model had a lower AIC than the nonspatial model, RMSE and MAB of the two models were similar. Both models tended to underpredict growth for the highest observed values when the tree-level random effects were not used. After cross-validation, the aggregated predictions at stand level well represented the observations in both models. For most of the predictors, the use of values based on trees’ height rather than trees’ diameter improved the fit. After single-tree selection cutting, trees had a growth boost both in the first and second five-year period after cutting, however, with different predicted intensity in the two models.
Conclusions: Under the research framework here considered, the spatial modeling approach was not more accurate than the nonspatial one. Regarding the single-tree selection cutting, an intervention regime spaced no more than 15 years apart seems necessary to sustain the individual tree growth. However, the model’s fixed effect parts were not able to capture the high growth of the few fastest-growing trees, and a proper estimation of site potential is needed for uneven-aged stands.Numéro de notice : A2020-578 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/MATHEMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/f11121338 Date de publication en ligne : 16/12/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f11121338 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97034
in Forests > vol 11 n° 12 (December 2020) . - n° 1338[article]Tree mortality in the dynamics and management of uneven-aged Norway spruce stands in southern Finland / Sauli Valkonen in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 139 n° 6 (December 2020)
[article]
Titre : Tree mortality in the dynamics and management of uneven-aged Norway spruce stands in southern Finland Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Sauli Valkonen, Auteur ; Lucie Aulus Giacosa, Auteur ; Juha Heikkinen, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 989 – 998 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse diachronique
[Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres
[Termes IGN] Finlande
[Termes IGN] forêt inéquienne
[Termes IGN] mortalité
[Termes IGN] neige
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] vent
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) This study focused on tree mortality in spruce-dominated stands managed using the single-tree selection method in southern Finland. Together with regeneration and tree growth, mortality is one of the basic elements of the stand structure and dynamics in selection stands. The study was based on data acquired from a set of 20 permanent experimental plots monitored with repeated measurements for 20 years. The average mortality in the number of stems (N) was 4.45 trees ha−1a−1, in basal area (G) 0.07 m2 ha−1a−1, and in stemwood volume (V) 0.56 m3 ha−1a−1. In relative terms it was 0.50% of N, 0.30% of G and 0.27% of V, respectively. Wind and snow were the most common causes of mortality, while deaths by biotic causes (mammals, insects, pathogens) were extremely rare. Some 6–10% of the total loss in the number of stems and volume was attributable to the loss or removal of trees that sustained serious damage in harvesting. Most of the mortality occurred in the smallest diameter classes of up to 20 cm. Such a high mortality among small trees can have an adverse influence on the sustainability of selection structures if not successfully checked in harvesting and management. Numéro de notice : A2020-746 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10342-020-01301-8 Date de publication en ligne : 30/06/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-020-01301-8 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96394
in European Journal of Forest Research > vol 139 n° 6 (December 2020) . - pp 989 – 998[article]Atmospheric pathways and distance range analysis of castanea pollen transport in Southern Spain / Rocio López-Orozco in Forests, vol 11 n° 10 (October 2020)
[article]
Titre : Atmospheric pathways and distance range analysis of castanea pollen transport in Southern Spain Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Rocio López-Orozco, Auteur ; Miguel Angel Hernández-Ceballos, Auteur ; Carmen Galan, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 1092 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Andalousie
[Termes IGN] Castanea (genre)
[Termes IGN] circulation atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] génétique forestière
[Termes IGN] pollen
[Termes IGN] transport éolien
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) The sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) is the only native species of this genus in Europe, where it faces various threats that are causing a severe decrease in populations, with the resulting loss of genetic diversity. In the Iberian Peninsula, it is of high economic and ecological importance, being well represented, especially in northern areas, whilst it is limited to isolated populations in medium-range mountains in southern Spain (Andalusia region). Taking advantage of this fragmented distribution, this study analyzes the dynamics of atmospheric transport of Castanea pollen through Andalusia region in order to obtain a better understanding of the pollination pathways as a key aspect of the floral biology of this partially anemophilous species. The aerobiological characteristics of this species are also of special interest since its pollen has been recognized as allergenic. Pollen transport pathways were studied by applying back-trajectories analysis together with aerobiological, phenological, land cover, and meteorological data. The results reveal that airborne Castanea pollen concentrations recorded in the city of Cordoba, in the center of Andalusia region, reach medium- and even long-range distances. The backward-trajectory analysis indicates that most of the pollen data detected outside the Castanea flowering season were related to westerly slow and easterly airflows. Furthermore, some of the case studies analyzed indicate the presence of southerly airflow patterns, which could influence medium- and long-range transport events from chestnut populations further south, even from those located in north African mountains. The integrated analysis of the results offers us better knowledge of the cross-pollination pathways of this endangered species, which help us to understand its genetic flows, as a basis for designing conservation strategies for this highly fragmented species in southern Spain. Numéro de notice : A2020-755 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/f11101092 Date de publication en ligne : 14/10/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f11101092 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96461
in Forests > vol 11 n° 10 (October 2020) . - n° 1092[article]Boreal peatland forests: ditch network maintenance effort and water protection in a forest rotation framework / Jenny Miettinen in Canadian Journal of Forest Research, vol 50 n° 10 (October 2020)
[article]
Titre : Boreal peatland forests: ditch network maintenance effort and water protection in a forest rotation framework Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jenny Miettinen, Auteur ; Markku Ollikainen, Auteur ; Jukka Arovilita, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 1025 – 1038 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] aménagement forestier
[Termes IGN] entretien du réseau
[Termes IGN] Finlande
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] forêt équienne
[Termes IGN] nutriment végétal
[Termes IGN] protection des eaux
[Termes IGN] réseau de drainage
[Termes IGN] sédiment
[Termes IGN] tourbière
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) Ditch network maintenance promotes forest growth in drained peatland forests but increases nutrient and sediment loads, which are detrimental to water quality. Society needs to balance the harvest revenue from improved forest growth against deteriorating water quality. We examine socially optimal even-aged forest management in drained peatlands when harvesting and ditch network maintenance cause nutrient and sediment loading. The means to reduce loading include establishing overland flow fields and abstaining from ditch network maintenance. We characterize this choice analytically in a rotation framework and examine, in a numerical model, the key factors affecting the choice of forest management and water protection measures. We choose a drained peatland forest site located in northeastern Finland in the vicinity of ecologically vulnerable forest headwater streams. On the given drained forest site, we find a set of parameters under which implementing ditch network maintenance is privately but not socially optimal. Numéro de notice : A2020-745 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1139/cjfr-2019-0339 Date de publication en ligne : 28/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0339 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96389
in Canadian Journal of Forest Research > vol 50 n° 10 (October 2020) . - pp 1025 – 1038[article]Physical, chemical and mechanical wood properties of Pinus nigra growing in Portugal / Alexandra Dias in Annals of Forest Science, vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020)PermalinkUse of non-destructive test methods on Irish hardwood standing trees and small-diameter round timber for prediction of mechanical properties / Daniel F. Llana in Annals of Forest Science, vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020)PermalinkModeling soil erosion after mechanized logging operations on steep terrain in the Northern Black Forest, Germany / Julian Haas in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 139 n°4 (August 2020)PermalinkEcology and management of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L. syn. Q. borealis F. Michx.) in Europe: a review / Valeriu-Norocel Nicolescu in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 93 n° 4 (July 2020)PermalinkWhat influences the long-term development of mixtures in British forests? / William L. Mason in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 93 n° 4 (July 2020)PermalinkProfitability of growing Scots pine on cutaway peatlands / Lasse Aro in Silva fennica, vol 54 n° 3 (June 2020)PermalinkStand growth and structure of mixed-species and monospecific stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oak (Q. robur L., Quercus petraea (MATT.) LIEBL.) analysed along a productivity gradient through Europe / Hans Pretzsch in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 139 n° 3 (June 2020)PermalinkCan mixed pine forests conserve understory richness by improving the establishment of understory species typical of native oak forests? / Daphne Lopez-Marcos in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 77 n° 1 (March 2020)PermalinkGuide de gestion des crises sanitaires en forêt / Louise Brunier (2020)PermalinkModélisation des effets de la compétition interspécifique et des pratiques sylvicoles sur la croissance de jeunes plants forestiers / Jean-Charles Miquel (2020)Permalink