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Vedettes matières IGN > Sylviculture
Sylviculture
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Techniques de culture des arbres et des peuplements forestiers. Les ouvrages généraux sur les forêts sont entrés sous la vedette "Forêt". Les ouvrages sur l'ensemble des arts, sciences et activités ayant pour objet les territoires boisés (aménagement, gestion, etc.) sont entrés sous la vedette "Foresterie" [Source : Bn-Opale Plus].
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Comparing nearest neighbor configurations in the prediction of species-specific diameter distributions / Janne Raty in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)
Titre : Comparing nearest neighbor configurations in the prediction of species-specific diameter distributions Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Janne Raty, Auteur ; Petteri Packalen, Auteur ; Matti Maltamo, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] classificateur non paramétrique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre des arbres
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Finlande
[Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes descripteurs IGN] image aérienne
[Termes descripteurs IGN] télémètre laser aéroporté
[Termes descripteurs IGN] volume en bois
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (Auteur) We examine how the configurations in nearest neighbor imputation affect the performance of predicted species-specific diameter distributions. The simultaneous nearest neighbor imputation for all tree species and separate imputation by tree species are evaluated with total volume calibration as a prediction method for diameter distributions. This study considers the predictions of species-specific diameter distributions in Finnish boreal forests by means of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data and aerial images. The aim was to investigate different configurations in non-parametric nearest neighbor (NN) imputation and to determine how changes in configurations affect prediction error rates for timber assortment volumes and the error indices of the diameter distributions. Non-parametric NN imputation was used as a modeling method and was applied in two different ways: (1) diameter distributions were predicted at the same time for all tree species by simultaneous NN imputation, and (2) diameter distributions were predicted for one tree species at a time by separate NN imputation. Calibration to a regression-based total volume prediction was applied in both cases. The results indicated that significant changes in the volume prediction error rates for timber assortment and for error indices can be achieved by the selection of responses, calibration to total volume, and separate NN imputation by tree species. verall, the selection of response variables in NN imputation and calibration to total volume improved the predicted diameter distribution error rates. The most successful prediction performance of diameter distribution was achieved by separate NN imputation by tree species. Numéro de notice : A2018-314 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0711-0 date de publication en ligne : 06/03/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0711-0 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90438
in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)[article]
Titre : Dynamics of diameter and height increment of Norway spruce and Scots pine in southern Finland Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Harri Mäkinen, Auteur ; Tuula Jyske, Auteur ; Pekka Nödj, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] changement climatique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] croissance végétale
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Finlande
[Termes descripteurs IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea abies
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus sylvestris
[Termes descripteurs IGN] saison
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (Auteur) Onset and cessation of radial and height increment of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in southern Finland were independent phenomena. They both contributed to the increment period duration, which was a more crucial factor defining the magnitude of annual radial and height increment. henology of diameter and height increment is a critical component of growth, also contributing to damage and survival of trees. We quantified annual variation in intra-annual tracheid production and height increment of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The number of tracheids and the day of the year for the onset and cessation of tracheid production were monitored from microcores collected repeatedly during growing seasons 2001–2012 in southern Finland. Weekly height increment was also measured in an adjacent sapling stand in 2008–2012. The first tracheids in pine were found around mid-May and in spruce a week later. The cessation of the tracheid production occurred during the last week of August for both tree species. Increment onset and cessation were independent phenomena, both contributing to the magnitude of tracheid production via increment period duration, which appeared to be a more crucial factor defining the number of tracheids. Duration of the height increment period was also related to shoot length but the connection was less tight than the link between the duration of tracheid production and the number of tracheids. A thermal threshold around 100 d.d. (degree days) was found for the onset of radial increment. No single environmental factor triggered the cessation of tracheid production, but in some years, soil water availability appeared to play a role. The results indicate that extending growing seasons due to the climatic warming may increase growth in the Finnish forests. Numéro de notice : A2018-313 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0710-1 date de publication en ligne : 08/03/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0710-1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90437
in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)[article]
Titre : Evaluation of 10-year temporal and spatial variability in structure and growth across contrasting commercial thinning treatments in spruce-fir forests of northern Maine, USA Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Christian Kuehne, Auteur ; Aaron R. Weiskittel, Auteur ; Arne Pommerening, Auteur ; Robert G. Wagner, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] Abies balsamea
[Termes descripteurs IGN] arbre aléatoire
[Termes descripteurs IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture)
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Maine (Etats-Unis)
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea rubens
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus strobus
[Termes descripteurs IGN] station forestière
[Termes descripteurs IGN] thuja (genre)
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (Auteur) Key message: Detailed measures of growth pattern and structural heterogeneity applied in this study helped to quantify the immediate effects of various thinning regimes on forest structure and the resulting alterations in tree size as well as observed longer term stand dynamics.
Context: Forest management, stand structure, and tree growth are highly inter-correlated. Prior analyses, however, have resulted in mixed outcomes with limited success in revealing ecological mechanisms.
Aims: The study aimed at evaluating the relationship between forest structure and stand dynamics by applying several sophisticated measures of growth pattern and structural heterogeneity.
Methods : Data from a controlled and fully stem-mapped commercial thinning experiment with seven contrasting treatments including a non-thinned control at six locations across the Acadian Forest of Maine, USA, was used. Stand-level attributes examined included tree size and growth heterogeneity, spatial tree distribution, and growth dominance.
Results: Thinning generally reduced stand structural heterogeneity compared to the non-thinned control. In addition, the spatial arrangement of trees changed from fully random (non-thinned control) to a more clustered (removal of dominant and co-dominant individuals) or regular distribution (removal of intermediate and suppressed individuals). Overall, stand growth exhibited increasing (non-thinned control, removal of intermediate and suppressed individuals) or decreasing growth dominance of large trees (removal of co-dominant competitors). Forwarder trails increased basal area growth of individual trees up to a distance from the trail of approximately 5 m.
Conclusion: Findings of this study validate an earlier insight according to which interactions between management practices, forest structure, and tree growth form a permanent feedback loop.
KeywordsNuméro de notice : A2018-315 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0697-7 date de publication en ligne : 26/02/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0697-7 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90439
in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)[article]
Titre : Into the woods : Overlapping perspectives on the history of ancien forest Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Sandrine Paradis-Grenouillet, Editeur scientifique ; Chantal Aspe, Editeur scientifique ; Sylvain Burri, Editeur scientifique Editeur : Versailles : Quae Année de publication : 2018 Importance : 434 p. ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-2-7592-2907-9 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] action anthropique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Angleterre
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Argentine
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Atlas marocain
[Termes descripteurs IGN] botanique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] coutume
[Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt ancienne
[Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt méditerranéenne
[Termes descripteurs IGN] gestion forestière (antérieure à 2002)
[Termes descripteurs IGN] histoire
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Massif central (France)
[Termes descripteurs IGN] patrimoine culturel
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Pyrénées-orientales (66)
[Termes descripteurs IGN] République Tchèque
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Wallonie (Belgique)
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (éditeur) At the centre of concerns related to curbing the decline in forest biodiversity caused by increasing anthropogenic pressure and global change, old-growth forests are mainly characterised by the continuity of their tree cover. This has been defined mainly by their appearance on historical maps and by ecological criteria dating back to certain temporal cut-off points (about two centuries). Inherited over hundreds, even thousands, of years of interaction between Man and Nature, these ancient forests have been managed and shaped by past societies to meet their various needs, both domestic and industrial. Also, studying the historical trajectories of such forests, their responses to environmental and anthropogenic stress, and the long-term consequences of past human activities, is essential in order to better understand their current ecology and rethink their conservation. The development of pluridisciplinary and interdisciplinary research (ecology, paleoecology, history, archaeology, geography, sociology) now makes it possible not only to push back the hitherto accepted thresholds of ancientness, but in particular to understand old forests in their entirety and complexity over the longer term. This book, comprising both theoretical and methodological contributions along with case studies, reflects the diversity of current approaches and thinking and promotes interdisciplinarity as the only route to a comprehensive understanding of ancient forests as natural and cultural assets. Note de contenu : I- Perception and management of ancient forests as a natural and cultural heritage
II- Investigating forest ancientness: advocating for interdisciplinarity
III- “At the edge of the forest”: other ways to think about ancient and old-growth forests
ConclusionsNuméro de notice : 25938 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Monographie DOI : 10.35690/978-2-7592-2907-9 En ligne : https://www.quae-open.com/produit/96/9782759229079/into-the-woods Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96294
Titre : Forest diversity promotes individual tree growth in central European forest stands Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Juliette Chamagne, Auteur ; Matteo Tanadini, Auteur ; David Frank, Auteur ; Radim Matula, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp 71 - 79 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] biodiversité
[Termes descripteurs IGN] croissance végétale
[Termes descripteurs IGN] dendrochronologie
[Termes descripteurs IGN] densité de la végétation
[Termes descripteurs IGN] Europe centrale
[Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt
[Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement forestier
[Termes descripteurs IGN] service écosystémique
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (Auteur) Most experimental evidence on the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning comes from ecosystems with fast‐growing plants, such as grasslands. Although forests provide essential ecological services, they have been less well investigated. We used dendrochronology to compare the tree radial growth rates of four important timber species in replicated, spatially mapped stands that differed in tree composition and diversity within a central European managed forest. Growth rates differed among species but were largely unaffected by the density of neighbouring trees. Increasing stand diversity enhanced individual growth rates, after accounting for the effects of tree density and size. These increases were statistically indistinguishable among the four species. In contrast, the effects of stand and neighbourhood species composition on growth rates were non‐significant. Policy implications. Our study of long‐established central European forest stands revealed levels of tree diversity can be increased in managed forests, with the potential for modest increases in tree growth rates. These results suggest that in addition to the biodiversity and risk mitigation benefits associated with shifting practices away from monoculture management, increased carbon sequestration and yields in mature forests are likely to be realized. Our results suggest that it is possible to increase forest diversity with little or no costs to production and even with the potential for modest increases in tree growth rates. Numéro de notice : A2017-900 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/1365-2664.12783 date de publication en ligne : 17/01/2017 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12783 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92957
in Journal of applied ecology > vol 54 n° 1 (February 2017) . - pp 71 - 79[article]PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalink
