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Titre : Machine Learning: The Basics Type de document : Guide/Manuel Auteurs : Alexander Jung, Auteur Editeur : Berlin, Heidelberg, Vienne, New York, ... : Springer Année de publication : 2022 Importance : 280 p. Note générale : glossaire
arXiv:1805.05052Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Intelligence artificielle
[Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique
[Termes IGN] apprentissage dirigé
[Termes IGN] apprentissage non-dirigé
[Termes IGN] apprentissage par renforcement
[Termes IGN] données d'entrainement (apprentissage automatique)
[Termes IGN] intelligence artificielle
[Termes IGN] modèle numériqueRésumé : (auteur) Machine learning (ML) has become a commodity in our every-day lives. We routinely ask ML empowered smartphones to suggest lovely food places or to guide us through a strange place. ML methods have also become standard tools in many fields of science and engineering. A plethora of ML applications transform human lives at unprecedented pace and scale. This book portrays ML as the combination of three basic components: data, model and loss. ML methods combine these three components within computationally efficient implementations of the basic scientific principle "trial and error". This principle consists of the continuous adaptation of a hypothesis about a phenomenon that generates data. ML methods use a hypothesis to compute predictions for future events. We believe that thinking about ML as combinations of three components given by data, model, and loss helps to navigate the steadily growing offer for ready-to-use ML methods. Our three-component picture of ML allows a unified treatment of a wide range of concepts and techniques which seem quite unrelated at first sight. The regularization effect of early stopping in iterative methods is due to the shrinking of the effective hypothesis space. Privacy-preserving ML is obtained by particular choices for the features of data points. Explainable ML methods are characterized by particular choices for the hypothesis space. To make good use of ML tools it is instrumental to understand its underlying principles at different levels of detail. On a lower level, this tutorial helps ML engineers to choose suitable methods for the application at hand. The book also offers a higher-level view on the implementation of ML methods which is typically required to manage a team of ML engineers and data scientists. Numéro de notice : 17721 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/IMAGERIE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Manuel de cours DOI : sans En ligne : https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.05052 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100081 Self-attention and generative adversarial networks for algae monitoring / Nhut Hai Huynh in European journal of remote sensing, vol 55 n° 1 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Self-attention and generative adversarial networks for algae monitoring Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Nhut Hai Huynh, Auteur ; Gordon Boër, Auteur ; Hauke Schramm, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 10 - 22 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] algue
[Termes IGN] analyse en composantes principales
[Termes IGN] apprentissage profond
[Termes IGN] attention (apprentissage automatique)
[Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif
[Termes IGN] image hyperspectrale
[Termes IGN] plancton
[Termes IGN] réseau antagoniste génératif
[Termes IGN] réseau neuronal artificielRésumé : (auteur) Water is important for the natural environment and human health. Monitoring algae concentrations yield information on the water quality. Compared with in situ measurements of water quality parameters, which are often complex and expensive, remote sensing techniques, using hyperspectral data analysis, are fast and cost-effective. The objectives of this study are (1) to estimate the algae concentrations from hyperspectral data using deep learning techniques, (2) to investigate the applicability of attention mechanisms in the analysis of hyperspectral data, and (3) to augment the training data using generative adversarial networks (GANs). The results show that the accuracy of deep learning techniques is 7.6% higher than that of simpler artificial neural networks. Compared to noise injection and principal component analysis-based data augmentation, the use of a GAN-based data augmentation method significantly improves the accuracy of algae concentration estimates (>5%). In addition, models with added attention mechanisms yield an on average 3.13% higher accuracy than those without attention techniques. This result demonstrates the improvement of spectral features of artificial hyperspectral data based on the self-attention approach, revealing the potential of attention techniques in hyperspectral remote sensing. Numéro de notice : A2022-097 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/22797254.2021.2010605 Date de publication en ligne : 02/01/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/22797254.2021.2010605 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99547
in European journal of remote sensing > vol 55 n° 1 (2022) . - pp 10 - 22[article]Unsupervised generative models for data analysis and explainable artificial intelligence / Mohanad Abukmeil (2022)
Titre : Unsupervised generative models for data analysis and explainable artificial intelligence Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Mohanad Abukmeil, Auteur ; Vincenzo Piuri, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Milan [Italie] : Università di Milano Année de publication : 2022 Importance : 194 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Thèse de Doctorat spécialité Informatique, Université de MilanLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Intelligence artificielle
[Termes IGN] allocation de Dirichlet latente
[Termes IGN] analyse en composantes indépendantes
[Termes IGN] analyse en composantes principales
[Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique
[Termes IGN] apprentissage non-dirigé
[Termes IGN] modèle stochastique
[Termes IGN] navigation autonome
[Termes IGN] reconstruction d'image
[Termes IGN] réseau antagoniste génératif
[Termes IGN] séparation aveugle de sourceRésumé : (auteur) For more than a century, the methods of learning representation and the exploration of the intrinsic structures of data have developed remarkably and currently include supervised, semi-supervised, and unsupervised methods. However, recent years have witnessed the flourishing of big data, where typical dataset dimensions are high, and the data can come in messy, missing, incomplete, unlabeled, or corrupted forms. Consequently, discovering and learning the hidden structure buried inside such data becomes highly challenging. From this perspective, latent data analysis and dimensionality reduction play a substantial role in decomposing the exploratory factors and learning the hidden structures of data, which encompasses the significant features that characterize the categories and trends among data samples in an ordered manner. That is by extracting patterns, differentiating trends, and testing hypotheses to identify anomalies, learning compact knowledge, and performing many different machine learning (ML) tasks such as classification, detection, and prediction. Unsupervised generative learning (UGL) methods are a class of ML characterized by their possibility of analyzing and decomposing latent data, reducing dimensionality, visualizing the manifold of data, and learning representations with limited levels of predefined labels and prior assumptions. Furthermore, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is an emerging field of ML that deals with explaining the decisions and behaviors of learned models. XAI is also associated with UGL models to explain the hidden structure of data, and to explain the learned representations of ML models. However, the current UGL models lack large-scale generalizability and explainability in the testing stage, which leads to restricting their potential in ML and XAI applications. To overcome the aforementioned limitations, this thesis proposes innovative methods that integrate UGL and XAI to enable data factorization and dimensionality reduction to improve the generalizability of the learned ML models. Moreover, the proposed methods enable visual explainability in modern applications as anomaly detection and autonomous driving systems. The main research contributions are listed as follows:
* A novel overview of UGL models including blind source separation (BSS), manifold learning (MfL), and neural networks (NNs). Also, the overview considers open issues and challenges among each UGL method.
* An innovative method to identify the dimensions of the compact feature space via a generalized rank in the application of image dimensionality reduction.
* An innovative method to hierarchically reduce and visualize the manifold of data to improve the generalizability in limited data learning scenarios, and computational complexity reduction applications.
* An original method to visually explain autoencoders by reconstructing an attention map in the application of anomaly detection and explainable autonomous driving systems.
The novel methods introduced in this thesis are benchmarked on publicly available datasets, and they outperformed the state-of-the-art methods considering different evaluation metrics. Furthermore, superior results were obtained with respect to the state-of-the-art to confirm the feasibility of the proposed methodologies concerning the computational complexity, availability of learning data, model explainability, and high data reconstruction accuracy.Note de contenu : 1- Introduction
2- State of the art of unsupervised generative learning (UGL) models
3- Research challenges and open issues of UGL models
4- UGL models for dimensionality reduction and XAI
5- Conclusion and future worksNuméro de notice : 15307 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : INFORMATIQUE Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : Thèse de doctorat : Informatique : Milan : 2022 DOI : 10.13130/abukmeil-mohanad_phd2022-01-24 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.13130/abukmeil-mohanad_phd2022-01-24 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99965 Building detection with convolutional networks trained with transfer learning / Simon Šanca in Geodetski vestnik, vol 65 n° 4 (December 2021 - February 2022)
[article]
Titre : Building detection with convolutional networks trained with transfer learning Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Simon Šanca, Auteur ; Krištof Oštir, Auteur ; Alen Mangafić, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 559 - 576 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] apprentissage profond
[Termes IGN] classification automatique d'objets
[Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif
[Termes IGN] détection du bâti
[Termes IGN] données cadastrales
[Termes IGN] image aérienne
[Termes IGN] image infrarouge couleur
[Termes IGN] image proche infrarouge
[Termes IGN] image RVB
[Termes IGN] orthoimage couleur
[Termes IGN] segmentation d'image
[Termes IGN] SlovénieRésumé : (Auteur) Building footprint detection based on orthophotos can be used to update the building cadastre. In recent years deep learning methods using convolutional neural networks have been increasingly used around the world. We present an example of automatic building classification using our datasets made of colour near-infrared orthophotos (NIR-R-G) and colour orthophotos (R-G-B). Building detection using pretrained weights from two large scale datasets Microsoft Common Objects in Context (MS COCO) and ImageNet was performed and tested. We applied the Mask Region Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN) to detect the building footprints. The purpose of our research is to identify the applicability of pre-trained neural networks on the data of another colour space to build a classification model without re-learning. Numéro de notice : A2021-930 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE/URBANISME Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2021.04.559-593 Date de publication en ligne : 03/11/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2021.04.559-593 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99409
in Geodetski vestnik > vol 65 n° 4 (December 2021 - February 2022) . - pp 559 - 576[article]Réservation
Réserver ce documentExemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 139-2021041 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Utilisation de l’apprentissage profond dans la modélisation 3D urbaine : partie 2, post-traitement et évaluation / Hamza Ben Addou in Géomatique expert, n° 136 (novembre - décembre 2021)
[article]
Titre : Utilisation de l’apprentissage profond dans la modélisation 3D urbaine : partie 2, post-traitement et évaluation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Hamza Ben Addou, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 42 -47 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] algorithme d'apprentissage
[Termes IGN] apprentissage profond
[Termes IGN] CityGML
[Termes IGN] classification automatique d'objets
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] emprise au sol
[Termes IGN] maquette numérique
[Termes IGN] modèle 3D de l'espace urbain
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique du bâti
[Termes IGN] modélisation 3D
[Termes IGN] niveau de détail
[Termes IGN] orthoimage
[Termes IGN] primitive géométrique
[Termes IGN] toitRésumé : (Auteur) Post-traitement des données issues de l’algorithme d’apprentissage profond et modélisation 3D urbaine automatique Numéro de notice : A2021-919 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE/URBANISME Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtSansCL DOI : sans Date de publication en ligne : 01/11/2021 Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99335
in Géomatique expert > n° 136 (novembre - décembre 2021) . - pp 42 -47[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité IFN-001-P002286 PER Revue Nogent-sur-Vernisson Salle périodiques Exclu du prêt A deep translation (GAN) based change detection network for optical and SAR remote sensing images / Xinghua Li in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 179 (September 2021)PermalinkStochastic super-resolution for downscaling time-evolving atmospheric fields with a generative adversarial network / Jussi Leinonen in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, Vol 59 n° 9 (September 2021)PermalinkRapid and large-scale mapping of flood inundation via integrating spaceborne synthetic aperture radar imagery with unsupervised deep learning / Xin Jiang in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 178 (August 2021)PermalinkUnsupervised denoising for satellite imagery using wavelet directional cycleGAN / Shaoyang Kong in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 59 n° 8 (August 2021)PermalinkA hierarchical deep learning framework for the consistent classification of land use objects in geospatial databases / Chun Yang in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 177 (July 2021)PermalinkImproving human mobility identification with trajectory augmentation / Fan Zhou in Geoinformatica, vol 25 n° 3 (July 2021)PermalinkMultisensor data fusion for cloud removal in global and all-season Sentinel-2 imagery / Patrick Ebel in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, Vol 59 n° 7 (July 2021)PermalinkRemote sensing image colorization using symmetrical multi-scale DCGAN in YUV color space / Min Wu in The Visual Computer, vol 37 n° 7 (July 2021)PermalinkSemiCDNet: A semisupervised convolutional neural network for change detection in high resolution remote-sensing images / Daifeng Peng in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, Vol 59 n° 7 (July 2021)PermalinkDirect analysis in real-time (DART) time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) of wood reveals distinct chemical signatures of two species of Afzelia / Peter Kitin in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 2 (June 2021)PermalinkSemantic hierarchy emerges in deep generative representations for scene synthesis / Ceyuan Yang in International journal of computer vision, vol 129 n° 5 (May 2021)PermalinkGraph convolutional autoencoder model for the shape coding and cognition of buildings in maps / Xiongfeng Yan in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 35 n° 3 (March 2021)PermalinkAmélioration des résolutions spatiale et spectrale d’images satellitaires par réseaux antagonistes / Anaïs Gastineau (2021)PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkClustering et apprentissage profond sous contraintes pour l’analyse de séries temporelles : Application à l’analyse temporelle incrémentale en télédétection / Baptiste Lafabregue (2021)PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkGenerative adversarial networks to generalise urban areas in topographic maps / Azelle Courtial (2021)PermalinkLearning disentangled representations of satellite image time series in a weakly supervised manner / Eduardo Hugo Sanchez (2021)Permalink