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Drought impacts in forest canopy and deciduous tree saplings in Central European forests / Mirela Beloiu in Forest ecology and management, vol 509 (April-1 2022)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 509 (April-1 2022) . - n° 120075 Titre : Drought impacts in forest canopy and deciduous tree saplings in Central European forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mirela Beloiu, Auteur ; Reinhold Stahlmann, Auteur ; Carl Beierkuhnlein, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 120075 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Bavière (Allemagne) [Termes IGN] bois mort [Termes IGN] canopée [Termes IGN] dendrométrie [Termes IGN] données de terrain [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] jeune arbre [Termes IGN] mortalité [Termes IGN] peuplement mélangé [Termes IGN] phénomène climatique extrême [Termes IGN] Pinophyta [Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture) [Termes IGN] résilience écologique [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Forests worldwide are increasingly exposed to extreme weather events. Drought deteriorates the health, structure, and functioning of forests, which can lead to reduced diversity, decreased productivity, and increased tree mortality. Therefore, it is an urgent need to assess the impact of drought on tree species. Due to differences in tree physiology, saplings and mature trees are likely to respond specifically to drought conditions. In contrast to mature trees, little is known about the response of saplings to drought. Here, we combine in-situ field measurements for saplings of deciduous tree species with remote sensing for forest canopy to assess drought damage, recovery, and sapling mortality patterns during a centennial drought (2018, 2019) and beyond (2020). We measured 2051 saplings out of 214 plots in Central Germany. Forest canopy health was assessed using 10 × 10 m resolution satellite observations for the same locations. We (1) demonstrate that forest canopy exhibits long-lasting drought-induced effects, (2) show that saplings have a remarkable capacity to recover from drought and survive a subsequent drought, (3) demonstrate that reduced sapling recovery leads to their mortality, (4) reveal that drought damage on saplings increases from pioneer to non-pioneer species, and mortality is ranking from Sorbus aucuparia > Sambucus nigra > Fraxinus excelsior, Acer campestre, Frangula alnus > Ulmus glabra > Carpinus betulus > Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica > Acer pseudoplatanus > Quercus petraea > Corylus avellana, Crataegus spp., > Prunus avium, Quercus robur; and (5) link drought response to site conditions, indicating that species diversity and winter precipitation as relevant indicators of tree health. If periods of drought become more frequent, as expected, this could negatively impact mid-term forest recovery, alter long-term tree species assemblages and reduce biodiversity and functional resilience of forest ecosystems. We suggest that models of forest response to drought should differentiate between the forest canopy and understory and also consider species-specific responses as we found a broad spectrum of responses within the same plant functional type of deciduous tree species in terms of drought damage and recovery. Numéro de notice : A2022-191 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120075 Date de publication en ligne : 12/02/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120075 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99947 [article]

Comprehensive study on the tropospheric wet delay and horizontal gradients during a severe weather event / Victoria Graffigna in Remote sensing, vol 14 n° 4 (February-2 2022)  

Public [article]  inRemote sensing > vol 14 n° 4 (February-2 2022) . - n° 888 Titre : Comprehensive study on the tropospheric wet delay and horizontal gradients during a severe weather event Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Victoria Graffigna, Auteur ; Manuel Hernández-Pajares, Auteur ; Francisco Azpilicueta, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 888 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] données météorologiques [Termes IGN] gradient de troposphère [Termes IGN] phénomène climatique extrême [Termes IGN] positionnement ponctuel précis [Termes IGN] retard troposphérique zénithal [Termes IGN] station GNSS [Termes IGN] surveillance météorologique [Termes IGN] tempête [Termes IGN] Texas (Etats-Unis) [Termes IGN] vapeur d'eau Résumé : (auteur) GNSS meteorology is today one of the most growing technologies to monitor severe weather events. In this paper, we present the usage of 160 GPS reference stations over the period of 14 days to monitor and track Hurricane Harvey, which struck Texas in August 2017. We estimate the Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) and the tropospheric gradients with 30 s interval using TOMION v2 software and carry out the processing in Precise Point Positioning (PPP) mode. We study the relationship of these parameters with atmospheric variables extracted from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite mission and climate reanalysis model ERA5. This research finds that the ZWD shows patterns related to the rainfall rate and to the location of the hurricane. We also find that the tropospheric gradients are correlated with water vapor gradients before and after the hurricane, and with the wind and the pressure gradients only after the hurricane. This study also shows a new finding regarding the spectral distribution of the gradients, with a clear diurnal period present, which is also found on the ZWD itself. This kind of study approaches the GNSS meteorology to the increasing requirements of meteorologist in terms of monitoring severe weather events. Numéro de notice : A2022-166 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/rs14040888 Date de publication en ligne : 12/02/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040888 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99791 [article]

Adaptation of the standardized vegetation optical depth index for satellite-based soil moisture / Juliette Raabe (2022) 

Public Titre : Adaptation of the standardized vegetation optical depth index for satellite-based soil moisture Type de document : Mémoire Auteurs : Juliette Raabe, Auteur Editeur : Champs-sur-Marne : Ecole nationale des sciences géographiques ENSG Année de publication : 2022 Importance : 61 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie Rapport de projet pluridisciplinaire, cycle ING2 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] Australie [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] humidité du sol [Termes IGN] implémentation (informatique) [Termes IGN] indice d'humidité [Termes IGN] phénomène climatique extrême [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] teneur en eau de la végétation Index. décimale : PROJET Mémoires : Rapports de projet - stage des ingénieurs de 2e année Résumé : (Auteur) Le groupe de recherche sur la télédétection pour l’étude de l’environnement et du climat (CLIMERS) de l’université technique de Vienne contribue entre autres au développement de jeux de données d’humidité du sol (indicateur mesurant la quantité d’eau contenue dans le sol) et de VOD (vegetation optical depth, mesurant la teneur en eau des plantes). Par là, il vise à aider la communauté scientifique mondiale pour étudier le climat et en particulier, le changement climatique. L’étude présente se propose de participer à cet objectif en créant un indice de sécheresse à partir de données d’humidité du sol obtenues par télédétection. Pour ce faire, cette étude adapte un processus existant pour construire un indice de sécheresse standardisé. Ce processus a été implémenté au CLIMERS, il y a peu de temps, pour le VOD et le but est de le tester pour l’humidité du sol et voir à quel point il est adapté pour capturer des événements climatiques extrêmes. Note de contenu : Introduction 1.1 Soil Moisture 1.2 Production of soil moisture data 1.3 Soil moisture to build drought index 1.4 The innovative process set up for the VOD index 2. Creation of a standardized soil moisture index 2.1 Data 2.2 The soil moisture workflow 2.3 Optimization 3 Results of the SVODI process for SM 3.1 Australian use case 3.2 First results on Australia 3.3 Focus on extreme events in other regions of the world 3.4 World results 4. Correlation study, evaluate quantitatively the index 4.1 Methodology 4.2 Correlation study for the Australian use-case 4.3 World correlation study Conclusion Numéro de notice : 26871 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Mémoire de projet pluridisciplinaire Organisme de stage : Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation (TU Wien) Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101700

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Early detection of spruce vitality loss with hyperspectral data: Results of an experimental study in Bavaria, Germany / Kathrin Einzmann in Remote sensing of environment, vol 266 (December 2021)  

Public [article]  inRemote sensing of environment > vol 266 (December 2021) . - n° 112676 Titre : Early detection of spruce vitality loss with hyperspectral data: Results of an experimental study in Bavaria, Germany Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Kathrin Einzmann, Auteur ; Clement Atzberger, Auteur ; Nicole Pinnel, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 112676 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] Bavière (Allemagne) [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] classification par forêts d'arbres décisionnels [Termes IGN] dépérissement [Termes IGN] détection de changement [Termes IGN] houppier [Termes IGN] image hyperspectrale [Termes IGN] indice de végétation [Termes IGN] insecte nuisible [Termes IGN] phénomène climatique extrême [Termes IGN] Picea abies [Termes IGN] réflectance spectrale [Termes IGN] série temporelle [Termes IGN] stress hydrique Résumé : (auteur) Vitality loss of trees caused by extreme weather conditions, drought stress or insect infestations, are expected to increase with ongoing climate change. The detection of vitality loss at an early stage is thus of vital importance for forestry and forest management to minimize ecological and economical damage. Remote sensing instruments are able to detect changes over large areas down to the level of individual trees. The scope of our study is to investigate whether it is possible to detect stress-related spectral changes at an early stage using hyperspectral sensors. For this purpose, two Norway spruce (Picea abies) forest stands, both different in age and maintenance, were monitored in the field over two vegetation periods. In parallel, time series of airborne hyperspectral remote sensing data were acquired. For each stand 70 trees were artificially stressed (ring-barked) and 70 trees were used as control trees. The data collected in south-eastern Germany consists of measurements at multiple times and at different scales: (1) crown conditions were visually assessed in the field (2) needle reflectance spectra were acquired in the laboratory using a FieldSpec spectrometer, and (3) hyperspectral airborne data (HySpex) were flown at 0.5 m spatial resolution. We aimed for a simultaneous data acquisition at the three levels. This unique data set was investigated whether any feature can be discriminated to detect vitality loss in trees at an early stage. Several spectral transformations were applied to the needle and tree crown spectra, such as spectral derivatives, vegetation indices and angle indices. All features were examined for their separability (ring-barked vs. control trees) with the Random Forest (RF) classification algorithm. As result, the younger, well maintained forest stand only showed minor changes over the 2-year period, whereas changes in the older forest stand were observable both in the needle and in the hyperspectral tree crown spectra, respectively. These changes could even be detected before changes were visible by field observations. The tree spectral reactions to ring-barking were first noticeable 11 months after ring-barking and 6 weeks before they were visible by field inspection. The most discriminative features for separating the two groups were the reflectance spectra and the spectral derivatives, over the VIs or angle indices. The tree crown spectra of the two groups could be separated by the RF classifier with a 79% overall accuracy at the beginning of the second vegetation period and 1 month later with 92% overall accuracy with high kappa index. The results clearly demonstrate the great potential of hyperspectral remote sensing in detecting early vitality changes of stressed trees. Numéro de notice : A2021-921 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2021.112676 Date de publication en ligne : 21/09/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112676 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99274 [article]

Growth recovery and phenological responses of juvenile beech (fagus sylvatica L.) exposed to spring warming and late spring frost / Kristine Vander Mijnsbrugge in Forests, vol 12 n° 11 (November 2021)  

Public [article]  inForests > vol 12 n° 11 (November 2021) . - n° 1604 Titre : Growth recovery and phenological responses of juvenile beech (fagus sylvatica L.) exposed to spring warming and late spring frost Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Kristine Vander Mijnsbrugge, Auteur ; Jessa May Malanguis, Auteur ; Stefaan Moreels, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 1604 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Belgique [Termes IGN] chaleur [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] dommage forestier causé par facteurs naturels [Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes IGN] gelée [Termes IGN] phénologie [Termes IGN] phénomène climatique extrême [Termes IGN] semis (sylviculture) [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Global change increases the risk of extreme climatic events. The impact of extreme temperature may depend on the tree species and also on the provenance. Ten provenances of Fagus sylvatica L. were grown in a common garden environment in Belgium and subjected to different temperature treatments. Half of the one year old seedlings were submitted to a high thermal stress in the spring of the first year, and all plants were exposed to a late spring frost in the second year. The high-temperature treated plants displayed reduced growth in the first year, which was fully compensated (recovery with exact compensation) in the second year for radial growth and in the third year for height growth. Frost in the spring of the second year damaged part of the saplings and reduced their growth. The frost damaged plants regained the pre-stress growth rate one year later (recovery without compensation). The high temperature treatment in the first year and the frost damage in the second year clearly influenced the phenological responses in the year of the event and in the succeeding year. Little population differentiation was observed among the provenances for growth and for phenological responses. Yet, a southern provenance, a non-autochthonous provenance (original German provenance that was planted in Belgium about a century ago) and a more continental provenance flushed earlier than the local Atlantic provenances in the year of the frost event, resulting in more frost damage. Some caution should therefore be taken when translocating provenances as an anticipation of the predicted climate warming. Numéro de notice : A2021-879 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/f12111604 Date de publication en ligne : 20/11/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f12111604 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99169 [article]

Impact of extreme weather events on urban human flow: A perspective from location-based service data / Zhenhua Chen in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 83 (September 2020)  

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Réponses de la productivité des forêts aux fluctuations météorologiques : biais et surestimations des estimations de terrain / Olivier Bouriaud (2020)  

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Using remote sensing to assess the effect of time of day on the spatial and temporal variation of LST in urban areas / Akram Abdulla (2020)  

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Advances in environmental monitoring and assessment / Suriyanarayanan Sarvajayakesavalu (2019)  

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Sense City, mini ville sensible expérimentale / Marielle Mayo in Géomètre, n° 2153 (décembre 2017)

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La forêt face aux évènements climatiques extrêmes / Quentin Girard (2009)    

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Prévenir les catastrophes naturelles ? / Caroline Toutain (2001)

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