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Spatial patterns of living and dead small trees in subalpine Norway spruce forest reserves in Switzerland / Eva Bianchi in Forest ecology and management, vol 494 (15 August 2021)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 494 (15 August 2021) . - n° 119315 Titre : Spatial patterns of living and dead small trees in subalpine Norway spruce forest reserves in Switzerland Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Eva Bianchi, Auteur ; Harald Bugmann, Auteur ; Martina Lena Hobi, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 119315 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse de groupement [Termes IGN] distance [Termes IGN] espace topologique [Termes IGN] fonction K de Ripley [Termes IGN] forêt alpestre [Termes IGN] forêt subalpine [Termes IGN] mortalité [Termes IGN] Picea abies [Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture) [Termes IGN] réserve forestière [Termes IGN] Suisse [Termes IGN] topographie locale [Termes IGN] voisinage (topologie) [Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestière Résumé : (auteur) Spatial patterns can reveal a lot about ecological processes, but our knowledge of the spatial ecology of tree regeneration at a fine scale is quite limited. Therefore, we studied the spatial patterns of living and dead small trees in two subalpine Norway spruce forest reserves in Switzerland (Scatlè and Bödmerenwald) using three types of analyses. First, we investigated the distances of small trees to the nearest large neighboring tree and, by using maximum distances as indicator, inferred the size of forest gaps, detecting mainly forest gaps of small size, although with two exceptions that were driven by large-scale disturbances. Second, we accounted for spatial inhomogeneity in the pattern of small and large trees (i.e., variations in local tree densities) by including environmental covariates in point pattern models. Latitude (within the forest reserve), elevation and aspect contributed significantly to explaining the density of living and dead small trees, and partly of living and dead large trees. Yet, the influence of these environmental covariates varied between the two reserves due to their different topography and peculiar site conditions. Third, we analyzed neighborhood interactions between small and large trees based on the vicinity and size of trees. In both forest reserves, small living trees were randomly dispersed around large dead trees over a broad range of distances and, at certain distances in one reserve, even dispersed away from them. Small living trees further showed clustering around large living trees at short distances and dispersion at large distances. Small dead trees featured mainly a random pattern, although with a tendency to cluster around large neighbors at short distances, irrespective whether these were living or dead. Yet, the weakening of clustering with increasing distances indicates that the influence of large trees on small trees varies with spatial scale and thus that these neighborhood interactions are scale-dependent. Overall, our study contributes to a better understanding of the spatial ecology of mortality in small trees and ultimately of tree regeneration processes and stand dynamics in mountain forests. Numéro de notice : A2021-583 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119315 date de publication en ligne : 11/05/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119315 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98198 [article]

Contrasting responses of habitat conditions and insect biodiversity to pest- or climate-induced dieback in coniferous mountain forests / Jérémy Cours in Forest ecology and management, vol 482 ([15/02/2021])  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 482 [15/02/2021] . - n° 118811 Titre : Contrasting responses of habitat conditions and insect biodiversity to pest- or climate-induced dieback in coniferous mountain forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jérémy Cours, Auteur ; Laurent Larrieu, Auteur ; Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 118811 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies alba [Termes IGN] biodiversité [Termes IGN] bois mort [Termes IGN] dépérissement [Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation [Termes IGN] exploitation forestière [Termes IGN] forêt alpestre [Termes IGN] habitat forestier [Termes IGN] insecte nuisible [Termes IGN] mortalité [Termes IGN] Picea abies [Termes IGN] Pinophyta [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) Natural disturbances are major drivers of forest dynamics. However, in the current context of anthropogenic global warming, shifts in disturbance regimes are expected. Natural disturbances usually leave biological or structural legacies which are important for early-successional species. Nevertheless, these legacies are usually eliminated by forest managers through salvage logging. Here, we investigated the consequences of forest dieback and the following salvage logging on both forest habitat conditions and saproxylic beetle communities. We conducted our study in two types of conifer-dominated highland forests: Pyrenean silver fir (Abies alba) which has suffered drought-induced dieback and Bavarian Norway spruce (Picea abies) which has suffered bark beetle-induced (Ips typographus) dieback. In both of the forest contexts, dieback provided a biological legacy through an increase in deadwood resources; however, this increase was much greater in the spruce forests. Nonetheless, despite this increase in resources, neither type of forest gained in total abundance or species richness after disturbance, compared to healthy stands. Nevertheless, the species composition of saproxylic beetle composition was significantly affected by dieback in spruce stands, but not in the silver fir forests. In the spruce plots, saproxylic beetles responded positively to the large increase in deadwood in the declining stands, including a very strong positive response from red-listed species. Saproxylic beetle assemblages in spruce forests were mainly drove by canopy openness and deadwood amount. In the silver fir plots, we did not observed responses from the saproxylic beetle communities to deadwood amount increase. This lack of response may be explained by the relatively low amount of deadwood generated by the drought-induced dieback. Concerning salvage logging, it caused stronger contrasts in spruce forests than in silver fir forests, where it generally had no significant impact. For example, in spruce forests, salvage logging reduced the density of large snags by 91% and large logs by 87% compared with unharvested declining plots. Most of the significant environmental effects on biodiversity associated with dieback were no longer significant after accounting for the salvaged plots in our study data. Then, forest dieback and salvage logging induced much sharper and stronger effects on environmental and community metrics in the spruce than in the silver fir forests. The contrast between Bavaria and the French Pyrenees seems partly related to dieback severity. Finally, we invite forest managers to conserve biological and structural legacies through patches of deadwood-rich areas. Numéro de notice : A2021-227 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118811 date de publication en ligne : 04/12/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118811 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97207 [article]

Stand-scale climate change impacts on forests over large areas: transient responses and projection uncertainties / NIca Huber in Ecological Applications, vol 31 ([01/02/2021])  

Public [article]  inEcological Applications > vol 31 [01/02/2021] Titre : Stand-scale climate change impacts on forests over large areas: transient responses and projection uncertainties Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : NIca Huber, Auteur ; Harald Bugmann, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse de sensibilité [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] forêt alpestre [Termes IGN] incertitude des données [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes IGN] modèle dynamique [Termes IGN] modélisation de la forêt [Termes IGN] Suisse [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) The increasing impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems have triggered multiple model-based impact assessments for the future, which typically focused either on a small number of stand-scale case studies or on large scale analyses (i.e., continental to global). Therefore, substantial uncertainty remains regarding the local impacts over large areas (i.e., regions to countries), which is particularly problematic for forest management. We provide a comprehensive, high-resolution assessment of the climate change sensitivity of managed Swiss forests (~10,000 km2), which cover a wide range of environmental conditions. We used a dynamic vegetation model to project the development of typical forest stands derived from a stratification of the Third National Forest Inventory until the end of the 22nd century. Two types of simulations were conducted: one limited to using the extant local species, the other enabling immigration of potentially more climate-adapted species. Moreover, to assess the robustness of our projections, we quantified and decomposed the uncertainty in model projections resulting from the following sources: (1) climate change scenarios, (2) local site conditions, and (3) the dynamic vegetation model itself (i.e., represented by a set of model versions), an aspect hitherto rarely taken into account. The simulations showed substantial changes in basal area and species composition, with dissimilar sensitivity to climate change across and within elevation zones. Higher-elevation stands generally profited from increased temperature, but soil conditions strongly modulated this response. Low-elevation stands were increasingly subject to drought, with strong negative impacts on forest growth. Furthermore, current stand structure had a strong effect on the simulated response. The admixture of drought-tolerant species was found advisable across all elevations to mitigate future adverse climate-induced effects. The largest uncertainty in model projections was associated with climate change scenarios. Uncertainty induced by the model version was generally largest where overall simulated climate change impacts were small, thus corroborating the utility of the model for making projections into the future. Yet, the large influence of both site conditions and the model version on some of the projections indicates that uncertainty sources other than climate change scenarios need to be considered in climate change impact assessments. Numéro de notice : A2021-312 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1002/eap.2313 date de publication en ligne : 25/02/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2313 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97811 [article]

The impact of drought on total ozone flux in a mountain Norway spruce forest / Thomas Agyei in Journal of forest science, vol 66 n° 7 (juillet 2020)  

Public [article]  inJournal of forest science > vol 66 n° 7 (juillet 2020) . - pp 280 - 287 Titre : The impact of drought on total ozone flux in a mountain Norway spruce forest Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Thomas Agyei, Auteur ; Stanislav Juráň, Auteur ; Kojo Kwakye Ofori-Amanfo, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 280 - 287 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] covariance [Termes IGN] dioxyde de carbone [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] forêt alpestre [Termes IGN] ozone [Termes IGN] photosynthèse [Termes IGN] Picea abies [Termes IGN] République Tchèque [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] teneur en vapeur d'eau [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) In order to understand the impact of summer drought on dry deposition of tropospheric ozone (O3), we compared severe and mild drought periods of summer 2018 in a mountain Norway spruce forest at Bílý Kříž, Beskydy Mts. An eddy covariance technique was applied to measure diurnal courses of the ecosystem O3 and CO2 fluxes. Low O3 deposition was recorded in the morning and evening, while the highest CO2 and O3 fluxes were recorded during the central hours of the day. Total O3 deposition during severe drought (soil humidity 13%) was significantly higher than the deposition during the mild drought period (soil humidity 19%). Our data indicate that high vapour pressure deficit and low soil humidity during severe drought led to the stomatal closure, while non-stomatal O3 deposition, associated with chemical reactions of O3 with NO and volatile organic compounds, are responsible for higher total O3 deposition during the severe drought period. Therefore, we assume that under severe drought stomatal O3 uptake decreases but non-stomatal depositions to forest ecosystems substantially increase. Numéro de notice : A2020-628 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.17221/129/2019-JFS En ligne : https://doi.org/10.17221/129/2019-JFS Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96032 [article]

La télédétection aéroportée pour la gestion des territoires forestiers de montagne / Jean-Matthieu Monnet in Sciences, eaux & territoires, n° 33 (avril 2020)  

Public [article]  inSciences, eaux & territoires > n° 33 (avril 2020) . - pp 64 - 69 Titre : La télédétection aéroportée pour la gestion des territoires forestiers de montagne Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jean-Matthieu Monnet, Auteur ; Pierre Paccard, Auteur ; Catherine Riond, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 64 - 69 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie [Termes IGN] abattage (sylviculture) [Termes IGN] acquisition de données [Termes IGN] diffusion de données [Termes IGN] données lidar [Termes IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes IGN] forêt alpestre [Termes IGN] France (végétation) [Termes IGN] gestion forestière [Termes IGN] télémétrie laser aéroporté Résumé : (Auteur) Le Programme national de la forêt et du bois 2016-2026 affiche comme objectif « d’augmenter les prélèvements de bois en France tout en assurant le renouvellement de la forêt ». Les forêts de montagne qui représentent environ un quart de la surface forestière pourraient contribuer de manière significative à cet objectif. Les contraintes d’accès et de topographie rendent cependant difficile la gestion de ces forêts. En s’appuyant sur la technologie Lidar aéroporté, il est désormais possible de cartographier à haute résolution, sur des territoires de la taille d’un parc naturel régional, les caractéristiques forestières (ressource, accessibilité) intéressant les gestionnaires. La généralisation de l’outil pose cependant des questions de coût d’acquisition des données et de droit de leur diffusion auprès des acteurs de la filière. Numéro de notice : A2020-182 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueNat DOI : sans date de publication en ligne : 10/04/2020 En ligne : http://www.set-revue.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/set-revue-foret-montagn [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94956 [article]

Forest gaps retard carbon and nutrient release from twig litter in alpine forest ecosystems / Bo Tan in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 139 n° 1 (February 2020)  

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Fusion of 3D point clouds and hyperspectral data for the extraction of geometric and radiometric features of trees / Eduardo Alejandro Tusa Jumbo (2020)  

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Vulnerability of forest ecosystems to fire in the French Alps / Sylvain Dupire in European Journal of Forest Research, Vol 138 n° 5 (octobre 2019)  

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Réflexions d’une paysagiste sur la progression des boisements spontanés dans les Alpes et les Pyrénées / Françoise Copin in Revue forestière française [en ligne], vol 71 n° 4-5 (2019)  

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De l’origine des Pins de montagne européens / Renaud Cantegrel in Revue forestière française [en ligne], vol 71 n° 3 (2019)  

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Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite imagery / Francisco Eugenio (2019)  

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Effects of a large-scale late spring frost on a beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) dominated Mediterranean mountain forest derived from the spatio-temporal variations of NDVI / Angelo Nolè in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 75 n° 3 (September 2018)  

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Future management options for cembran pine forests close to the alpine timberline / Nathalia Jandl in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 75 n° 3 (September 2018)  

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Forêts de montagne et changement climatique : impacts et adaptation / Sophie Labonne in Sciences, eaux & territoires, article hors-série n° 48 (2018)  

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Within- and between-tree variation of wood density components in Pinus nigra at six sites in Portugal / Alexandra Dias in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 75 n° 2 (June 2018)  

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