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Effects of Quercus rubra L. on soil properties and humus forms in 50-year-old and 80-year-old forest stands of Lombardy plain / Chiara Ferré in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 77 n° 1 (mars 2020)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > Vol 77 n° 1 (mars 2020) . - 19 p. Titre : Effects of Quercus rubra L. on soil properties and humus forms in 50-year-old and 80-year-old forest stands of Lombardy plain Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Chiara Ferré, Auteur ; Roberto Comolli, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 19 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] boisement artificiel [Termes descripteurs IGN] carbone [Termes descripteurs IGN] conversion forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] humus [Termes descripteurs IGN] Lombardie [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement forestier [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement mélangé [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus (genre) [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus rubra [Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestière Résumé : (auteur) Key message: Besides the well-known effects on the native plant community, red oak may also impact the soil; the effects of afforestation with red oak involve both organic layers and mineral soil, resulting in changes in organic carbon quantity and quality and in soil acidification. Context: Many alien species have become widespread in Europe; among these, red oak is a common invader of temperate forests. Aims: The effects of substitution of natural mixed forest by red oak forest on humus forms and soil properties were investigated in two paired plots: a 50-year-old (Bosco Vacaressino) and 80-year-old (Bosco Ginestre) forest stand. Methods: Soil sampling was performed from 3 layers at 40 and 49 points in Bosco Vacaressino and Bosco Ginestre respectively to determine humus forms, soil pH, organic carbon stock, carbon-nitrogen ratio (C:N), available phosphorus, and texture. Results: Red oak resulted in a shift from Mull to Moder humus forms; soil acidification, higher C:N ratio, and soil organic carbon stock were observed compared with mixed forests. Conclusion: The major changes were reflected in a change toward less active humus forms; the effects of vegetation conversions were also visible in mineral layers; many of the modifications were more evident with increasing stand age. Numéro de notice : A2020-033 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-019-0893-0 date de publication en ligne : 10/01/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-019-0893-0 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94490 [article]

Mapping dead forest cover using a deep convolutional neural network and digital aerial photography / Jean-Daniel Sylvain in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 156 (October 2019)  

Public [article]  inISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 156 (October 2019) . - pp 14 - 26 Titre : Mapping dead forest cover using a deep convolutional neural network and digital aerial photography Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jean-Daniel Sylvain, Auteur ; Guillaume Drolet, Auteur ; Nicolas Brown, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 14 - 26 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique [Termes descripteurs IGN] apprentissage profond [Termes descripteurs IGN] arbre mort [Termes descripteurs IGN] base de données forestières [Termes descripteurs IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif [Termes descripteurs IGN] couvert forestier [Termes descripteurs IGN] feuillu [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt boréale [Termes descripteurs IGN] image aérienne [Termes descripteurs IGN] orthoimage [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement mélangé [Termes descripteurs IGN] pinophyta [Termes descripteurs IGN] Québec (Canada) [Termes descripteurs IGN] santé des forêts Résumé : (Auteur) Tree mortality is an important forest ecosystem variable having uses in many applications such as forest health assessment, modelling stand dynamics and productivity, or planning wood harvesting operations. Because tree mortality is a spatially and temporally erratic process, rates and spatial patterns of tree mortality are difficult to estimate with traditional inventory methods. Remote sensing imagery has the potential to detect tree mortality at spatial scales required for accurately characterizing this process (e.g., landscape, region). Many efforts have been made in this sense, mostly using pixel- or object-based methods. In this study, we explored the potential of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to detect and map tree health status and functional type over entire regions. To do this, we built a database of around 290,000 photo-interpreted trees that served to extract and label image windows from 20 cm-resolution digital aerial images, for use in CNN training and evaluation. In this process, we also evaluated the effect of window size and spectral channel selection on classification accuracy, and we assessed if multiple realizations of a CNN, generated using different weight initializations, can be aggregated to provide more robust predictions. Finally, we extended our model with 5 additional classes to account for the diversity of landcovers found in our study area. When predicting tree health status only (live or dead), we obtained test accuracies of up to 94%, and up to 86% when predicting functional type only (broadleaf or needleleaf). Channel selection had a limited impact on overall classification accuracy, while window size increased the ability of the CNNs to predict plant functional type. The aggregation of multiple realizations of a CNN allowed us to avoid the selection of suboptimal models and help to remove much of the speckle effect when predicting on new aerial images. Test accuracies of plant functional type and health status were not affected in the extended model and were all above 95% for the 5 extra classes. Our results demonstrate the robustness of the CNN for between-scene variations in aerial photography and also suggest that this approach can be applied at operational level to map tree mortality across extensive territories. Numéro de notice : A2019-316 Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2019.07.010 date de publication en ligne : 02/08/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2019.07.010 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93353 [article]

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The utility of terrestrial photogrammetry for assessment of tree volume and taper in boreal mixedwood forests / Christopher Mulverhill in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019) . - pp 76 - 83 Titre : The utility of terrestrial photogrammetry for assessment of tree volume and taper in boreal mixedwood forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Christopher Mulverhill, Auteur ; Nicholas C. Coops, Auteur ; Piotr Tompalski, Auteur ; Christopher W. Bater, Auteur ; Adam R. Dick, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 76 - 83 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Photogrammétrie numérique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Abies balsamea [Termes descripteurs IGN] Alberta [Termes descripteurs IGN] allométrie [Termes descripteurs IGN] betula papyrifera var. papyrifera [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre des arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] données dendrométriques [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt boréale [Termes descripteurs IGN] hauteur des arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] image terrestre [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes) [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement mélangé [Termes descripteurs IGN] photogrammétrie terrestre [Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea glauca [Termes descripteurs IGN] picea mariana [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus contorta [Termes descripteurs IGN] populus tremuloides [Termes descripteurs IGN] semis de points [Termes descripteurs IGN] volume en bois Résumé : (auteur) Key Message: This study showed that digital terrestrial photogrammetry is able to produce accurate estimates of stem volume and diameter across a range of species and tree sizes that showed strong correspondence when compared with traditional inventory techniques. This paper demonstrates the utility of the technology for characterizing trees in complex habitats such as boreal mixedwood forests. Context: Accurate knowledge of tree stem taper and volume are key components of forest inventories to manage and study forest resources. Recent developments have seen the increasing use of ground-based point clouds, including from digital terrestrial photogrammetry (DTP), to provide accurate estimates of these key forest attributes. Aims: In this study, we evaluated the utility of DTP based on a small set of photos (12 per tree) for estimating stem volume and taper on a set of 15 trees from 6 different species (Populus tremuloides, Picea glauca, Pinus contorta latifolia, Betula papyrifera, Picea mariana, Abies balsamea) in a boreal mixedwood forest in Alberta, Canada. Methods: We constructed accurate photogrammetric point clouds and derived taper and volume from three point cloud–based methods, which were then compared with estimates from conventional, field-based measurements. All methods were evaluated for their accuracy based on field-measured taper and volume of felled trees. Results: Of the methods tested, we found that the point cloud–derived diameters in a taper curve matching approach performed the best at estimating diameters at the lowest parts of the stem ( 50% of total height). Using the field-measured DBH and height as inputs to calculate stem volume yielded the most accurate predictions; however, these were not significantly different from the best point cloud-based estimates. Conclusion: The methodology confirmed that using a small set of photographs provided accurate estimates of individual tree DBH, taper, and volume across a range of species and size gradients (10.8–40.4 cm DBH). Numéro de notice : A2019-303 Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-019-0852-9 date de publication en ligne : 08/08/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-019-0852-9 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93226 [article]

Climate change and mixed forests: how do altered survival probabilities impact economically desirable species proportions of Norway spruce and European beech? / Carola Paul in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 76 n° 1 (March 2019)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 76 n° 1 (March 2019) Titre : Climate change and mixed forests: how do altered survival probabilities impact economically desirable species proportions of Norway spruce and European beech? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Carola Paul, Auteur ; Susanne Brandl, Auteur ; Stefan Friedrich, Auteur ; Wolfgang Falk, Auteur ; Fabian Härtl, Auteur ; Thomas Knoke, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] Allemagne [Termes descripteurs IGN] aménagement forestier [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse de survie [Termes descripteurs IGN] biodiversité végétale [Termes descripteurs IGN] changement climatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes descripteurs IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement mélangé [Termes descripteurs IGN] Picea abies [Termes descripteurs IGN] reboisement [Termes descripteurs IGN] régénération (sylviculture) [Termes descripteurs IGN] restauration écologique [Vedettes matières IGN] Economie forestière Résumé : (auteur) Context : Climate change is expected to increase natural hazards in European forests. Uncertainty in expected tree mortality and resulting potential economic consequences complicate regeneration decisions. Aims : This study aims to analyze the economic consequences of altered survival probabilities for mixing Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) under different climate change scenarios. We investigate whether management strategies such as species selection and type of mixture (mixed stands vs. block mixture) could mitigate adverse financial effects of climate change. Methods : The bio-economic modelling approach combines a parametric survival model with modern portfolio theory. We estimate the economically optimal species mix under climate change, accounting for the biophysical and economic effects of tree mixtures. The approach is demonstrated using an example from Southeast Germany. Results : The optimal tree species mixtures under simulated climate change effects could buffer but not completely mitigate undesirable economic consequences. Even under optimally mixed forest stands, the risk-adjusted economic value decreased by 28%. Mixed stands economically outperform block mixtures for all climate scenarios. Conclusion : Our results underline the importance of mixed stands to mitigate the economic consequences of climate change. Mechanistic bio-economic models help to understand consequences of uncertain input variables and to design purposeful adaptation strategies. Numéro de notice : A2019-041 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0793-8 date de publication en ligne : 08/02/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0793-8 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92039 [article]

Single-image photogrammetry for deriving tree architectural traits in mature forest stands: a comparison with terrestrial laser scanning / Kamil Kędra in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 76 n° 1 (March 2019)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 76 n° 1 (March 2019) Titre : Single-image photogrammetry for deriving tree architectural traits in mature forest stands: a comparison with terrestrial laser scanning Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Kamil Kędra, Auteur ; Ignacio Barbeito, Auteur ; Mathieu Dassot, Auteur ; Patrick Vallet, Auteur ; Anna Gazda, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques [Termes descripteurs IGN] allométrie [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse comparative [Termes descripteurs IGN] coefficient de corrélation [Termes descripteurs IGN] détection d'arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre des arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt tempérée [Termes descripteurs IGN] hauteur des arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] houppier [Termes descripteurs IGN] image isolée [Termes descripteurs IGN] Orléans, forêt d' (Loiret) [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement forestier [Termes descripteurs IGN] peuplement mélangé [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes descripteurs IGN] quercus (genre) [Termes descripteurs IGN] télémétrie laser terrestre Résumé : (auteur) Key message : We compared two methods for detailed individual tree measurements: single image photogrammetry (SIP), a simplified, low-cost method, and the state-of-the-art terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). Our results provide evidence that SIP can be successfully applied to obtain accurate tree architectural traits in mature forests. Context : Tree crown variables are necessary in forest modelling; however, they are time consuming to measure directly, and they are measured in many different ways. We compare two methods to obtain crown variables: laser-based and image-based. TLS is an advanced technology for three-dimensional data acquisition; SIP is a simplified, low-cost method. Aims : To elucidate differences between the methods, and validate SIP accuracy and usefulness for forest research, we investigated if (1) SIP and TLS measurements are in agreement in terms of the most widely used tree characteristics; (2) differences between the SIP traits and their TLS counterparts are constant throughout tree density and species composition; (3) tree architectural traits obtained with SIP explain differences in laser-based crown projection area (CPA), under different forest densities and stand compositions; and (4) CPA modelled with SIP variables is more accurate than CPA obtained with stem diameter-based allometric models. We also examined the correspondence between local tree densities extracted from images and from field measurements. Methods : We compared TLS and SIP in a temperate pure sessile oak and mixed with Scots pine stands, in the Orléans Forest, France. Standard major axis regression was used to establish relations between laser-based and image-based tree height and diameter at breast height. Four SIP-derived traits were compared between the levels of stand density and species composition with a t test, in terms of deviations and biases to their TLS counterparts. We created a set of linear and linear mixed models (LMMs) of CPATLS, with SIP variables. Both laser-based and image-based stem diameters were used to estimate CPA with the published allometric equations; the results were then compared with the best predictive LMM, in terms of similarity with CPATLS measurement. Local tree density extracted from images was compared with field measurements in terms of basic statistics and correlation. Results : Tree height and diameter at breast height were reliably represented by SIP (Pearson correlation coefficients r = 0.92 and 0.97, respectively). SIP measurements were affected by the stand composition factor; tree height attained higher mean absolute deviation (1.09 m) in mixed stands, compared to TLS, than in pure stands (0.66 m); crown width was more negatively biased in mixed stands (− 0.79 m), than in pure stands (− 0.05 m); and diameter at breast height and crown asymmetry were found unaffected. Crown width and mean branch angle were key SIP explanatory variables to predict CPATLS. The model was approximately 2-fold more accurate than the CPA allometric estimations with both laser-based and image-based stem diameters. SIP-derived local tree density was similar to the field-measured density in terms of mean and standard deviation (9.6 (3.5) and 9.4 (3.6) trees per plot, respectively); the correlation between both density measures was significantly positive (r = 0.76). Conclusion : SIP-derived variables, such as crown width, mean branch angle, branch thickness, and crown asymmetry, were useful to explain tree architectural differences under different densities and stand compositions and may be implemented in many forest research applications. SIP may also provide a coarse measure of local competition, in terms of number of neighbouring trees. Our study provides the first test in mature forest stands, for SIP compared with TLS. Numéro de notice : A2019-044 Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0783-x date de publication en ligne : 07/01/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0783-x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92050 [article]

Species mixing effects on forest productivity : A case study at stand-, species- and tree-level in the Netherlands / Huicui Lu in Forests, vol 9 n° 11 (November 2018)  

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Microwave unmixing with video segmentation for inferring broadleaf and needleleaf brightness temperatures and abundances from mixed forest observations / Lingjia Gu in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 54 n° 1 (January 2016)  

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Variation in irradiance, soil features and regeneration patterns in experimental forest canopy gaps / Urša Vilhar in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 72 n° 2 (March - april 2015)  

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Bases d'une gestion durable des forêts mélangées : résultats d'un projet de recherche mené sur quatre ans / Thomas Cordonnier ; Catherine Collet ; Erwin Dreyer in Rendez-vous techniques, n° 27-28 (hiver - printemps 2010) 

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Comment estimer la lumière dans le sous-bois forestier à partir des caractéristiques dendrométriques des peuplements ? / Philippe Balandier ; André Marquier ; Sandrine Perret ; Catherine Collet ; Benoît Courbaud in Rendez-vous techniques, n° 27-28 (hiver - printemps 2010)

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Dynamique des forêts mélangées sur le Mont-Ventoux : effets de l'altitude et de la gestion / Philippe Dreyfus ; Jean Ladier in Rendez-vous techniques, n° 27-28 (hiver - printemps 2010)

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Installer des semis de chênes dans les pinèdes à pin d’Alep en phase de renouvellement / Bernard Prévosto ; Christian Ripert ; Yogan Monnier ; Willy Martin ; Aminata N'Diaye ; Roland Estève in Forêt méditerranéenne, vol 31 n° 1 (mars 2010)

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Modélisation de la croissance des peuplements mélangés chêne-pin : des enseignements importants pour la sylviculture de ces peuplements / Christine Micheneau ; Christine Deleuze-Brezins ; Jean-François Dhôte ; Myriam Legay in Rendez-vous techniques, n° 27-28 (hiver - printemps 2010)

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Ombre et forêts : pourquoi certaines essences sont-elles plus tolérantes à l'ombre que d'autres lors des phases de régénération ? / Erwin Dreyer ; Pierre Montpied ; Daniel Epron ; Catherine Collet in Rendez-vous techniques, n° 27-28 (hiver - printemps 2010)

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Recherche : des bases pour la gestion durable des forêts mélangées in Rendez-vous techniques, n° 27-28 (hiver - printemps 2010)

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