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Variation in plant–soil interactions among temperate forest herbs / Jared J. Beck in Plant ecology, vol 222 n° 11 (November 2021)  

Public [article]  inPlant ecology > vol 222 n° 11 (November 2021) . - pp 1225 - 1238 Titre : Variation in plant–soil interactions among temperate forest herbs Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jared J. Beck, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 1225 - 1238 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] croissance végétale [Termes IGN] forêt tempérée [Termes IGN] herbe [Termes IGN] phytoécologie [Termes IGN] relations plante - sol [Termes IGN] Wisconsin (Etats-Unis) [Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestière Résumé : (auteur) Antagonistic interactions between plants and soil biota promote species diversity in many plant communities but little is known about how these plant–soil interactions influence herbaceous species in temperate forests. To assess the potential for soil biota to affect the growth of forest herbs, I conducted a greenhouse experiment in which seedlings of nine focal herb species common in Wisconsin (USA) forests were grown in soil derived from conspecific and heterospecific plants. This soil origin treatment was crossed with a subsequent treatment in which half of the soils were pasteurized to eliminate soil biota. The presence and origin of soil biota had variable effects on plant growth among the nine focal species. Thalictrum dioicum, Elymus hystrix, and Solidago flexicaulis growth were inhibited by the presence of soil biota in unpasteurized soils. Thalictrum dioicum seedlings grown in conspecific, unpasteurized soil accumulated 30% less biomass than seedlings grown in heterospecific, unpasteurized soil indicating that host-specific effects of microbial pathogens restrict seedling growth. Similarly, E. hystrix seedlings were 11% smaller in conspecific-trained soils. The remaining herb species showed no significant response to experimental treatments manipulating soil biota. These variable growth responses highlight the potential for differences in plant–soil interactions among plant species to influence local plant distributions and community dynamics. Janzen–Connell effects, like those observed in T. dioicum and E. hystrix, could promote coexistence among certain species and contribute to high local plant diversity in temperate forest understories. Numéro de notice : A2021-730 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s11258-021-01173-x date de publication en ligne : 23/08/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-021-01173-x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98674 [article]

Extensification and afforestation of cultivated mineral soil for climate change mitigation in Finland / Boris Tupek in Forest ecology and management, vol 501 (1 December 2021)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 501 (1 December 2021) . - n° 119672 Titre : Extensification and afforestation of cultivated mineral soil for climate change mitigation in Finland Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Boris Tupek, Auteur ; Aleski Lehtonen, Auteur ; Raisa Mäkipää, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 119672 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] afforestation [Termes IGN] Betula (genre) [Termes IGN] boisement artificiel [Termes IGN] changement d'occupation du sol [Termes IGN] dioxyde de carbone [Termes IGN] écologie forestière [Termes IGN] Finlande [Termes IGN] modèle de croissance végétale [Termes IGN] Picea abies [Termes IGN] puits de carbone [Termes IGN] reboisement [Termes IGN] surface cultivée [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Offsetting nation-wide CO2 emissions by carbon sinks from land use change (LUC), e.g. agricultural fields extensification and afforestation, is considered as a major climate change mitigation option. We evaluated the LUC potential for reducing emissions and creating annual soil and ecosystem carbon sinks in Finland. We used agricultural statistics, the forest growth model MOTTI, the soil carbon model Yasso07, and the RCP8.5 climate scenario. The soil carbon stock (SOC) of extensified grasslands showed on average less carbon loss than cropland, thus reducing future carbon emissions by LUC between 0.17 Mg ha−1 y-1, initially, and 0.08 Mg ha−1 y-1 after 50 years. The annual rate of such carbon gain was in comparison to SOC between 1.4‰ and 0.7‰ which is lower than proposed by the Paris 4‰ initiative for offsetting global anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Furthermore, after afforestation, estimated SOC is expected to increase above pre-LUC levels with 30 years lag. Estimated SOC sink from afforestation when compared to continuous cultivation varied depending on dominant tree species and soil fertility from between 0.19 Mg ha−1 y-1 (1.7‰ for spruce in medium fertile soil) to 0.46 Mg ha−1 y-1 (3.7‰ for silver birch in highly fertile soil). Future total soil and biomass carbon sink attributed to afforestation ranged between 1.65 and 2.44 Mg ha−1 y-1. Combined carbon sinks created by the present LUC could with 30 years lag offset annually between 0.01 and 4% of the present national net CO2 emissions in Finland. The long delay and a small scale of potential future carbon emission reduction by the LUC highlighted the importance of employing additional tools to reach the national neutrality targets due in next 15 or 30 years. Numéro de notice : A2021-744 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119672 date de publication en ligne : 22/09/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119672 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98685 [article]

Forest type matters: Global review about the structure of oak dominated old-growth temperate forests / Janos Bölöni in Forest ecology and management, vol 500 (15 November 2021)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 500 (15 November 2021) . - n° 119629 Titre : Forest type matters: Global review about the structure of oak dominated old-growth temperate forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Janos Bölöni, Auteur ; Réka Aszalos, Auteur ; Tamas Frank, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 119629 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] bois mort [Termes IGN] densité du peuplement [Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes IGN] forêt ancienne [Termes IGN] forêt sèche [Termes IGN] forêt tempérée [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] peuplement forestier [Termes IGN] Quercus (genre) [Termes IGN] service écosystémique [Termes IGN] structure d'un peuplement forestier [Termes IGN] surface terrière [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) The structure and composition of temperate old-growth oak forests are reviewed based on 108 case studies about 175 stands. The stands were classified as dry, dry-mesic and mesic forest types and the variables (density, basal area, size distribution, dead wood volume) were compared among them. Compared to the global range of this forest type, the United States was overrepresented, while West and Central Asia, Europe and Central America were underrepresented. In mesic oak forests the basal area and density of large trees were higher than in dry stands, while tree density and sapling density were lower. The proportion of oaks in tree and sapling layers were the highest in dry and lowest in mesic forests. The size distribution of trees followed negative exponential or rotated sigmoid types. In dry habitats all size categories are dominated by oaks, while in mesic type, only large ones followed the same trend. The volume of dead wood and the proportion of downed dead wood increased along the humidity gradient. In stands with repeated measurements, basal area and relative density of oaks decreased in the last decades. The understanding of the structure and composition of temperate old-growth oak forests is necessary for their restoration and application of close to nature forestry principles. Numéro de notice : A2021-740 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119629 date de publication en ligne : 02/09/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119629 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98641 [article]

Variation in downed deadwood density, biomass, and moisture during decomposition in a natural temperate forest / Tomas Přívětivý in Forests, vol 12 n° 10 (October 2021)  

Public [article]  inForests > vol 12 n° 10 (October 2021) Titre : Variation in downed deadwood density, biomass, and moisture during decomposition in a natural temperate forest Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Tomas Přívětivý, Auteur ; Pavel Šamonil, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies alba [Termes IGN] biodiversité végétale [Termes IGN] biomasse forestière [Termes IGN] bois mort [Termes IGN] Europe centrale [Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes IGN] forêt ancienne [Termes IGN] forêt tempérée [Termes IGN] montagne [Termes IGN] Picea abies [Termes IGN] teneur en eau de la végétation [Vedettes matières IGN] Foresterie Résumé : (auteur) Deadwood is a resource of water, nutrients, and carbon, as well as an important driving factor of spatial pedocomplexity and hillslope processes in forested landscapes. The applicability of existing relevant studies in mountain forests in Central Europe is limited by the low number of data, absence of precise dating, and short time periods studied. Here, we aimed to assess the decomposition pathway in terms of changes and variability in the physical characteristics of deadwood (wood density, biomass, and moisture) during the decomposition process, and to describe differences in decomposition rate. The research was carried out in the Žofínský Primeval Forest, one of the oldest forest reserves in Europe. Samples were taken from sapwood of downed logs of the three main tree species: Fagus sylvatica L., Abies alba Mill., and Picea abies (L.) Karst. The time since the death of each downed log was obtained using tree censuses repeated since 1975 and dendrochronology. The maximal time since the death of a log was species-specific, and ranged from 61–76 years. The rate of change (slope) of moisture content along the time since death in a linear regression model was the highest for F. sylvatica (b = 3.94) compared to A. alba (b = 2.21) and P. abies (b = 1.93). An exponential model showing the dependence of biomass loss on time since death revealed that F. sylvatica stems with a diameter of 50–90 cm had the shortest decomposition rate—51 years—followed by P. abies (71 years) and A. alba (72 years). Our findings can be used in geochemical models of element cycles in temperate old-growth forests, the prediction of deadwood dynamics and changes in related biodiversity, and in refining management recommendations. Numéro de notice : A2021-619 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/f12101352 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f12101352 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98629 [article]

Modeling in forestry using mixture models fitted to grouped and ungrouped data / Eric K. Zenner in Forests, vol 12 n° 9 (September 2021)  

Public [article]  inForests > vol 12 n° 9 (September 2021) . - n° 1196 Titre : Modeling in forestry using mixture models fitted to grouped and ungrouped data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Eric K. Zenner, Auteur ; Mahdi Teimouri, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 1196 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Statistiques [Termes IGN] algorithme espérance-maximisation [Termes IGN] complexité [Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes IGN] distribution de Weibull [Termes IGN] distribution, loi de [Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation [Termes IGN] estimation par noyau [Termes IGN] méthode du maximum de vraisemblance (estimation) [Termes IGN] modélisation de la forêt [Termes IGN] structure d'un peuplement forestier Résumé : (auteur) The creation and maintenance of complex forest structures has become an important forestry objective. Complex forest structures, often expressed in multimodal shapes of tree size/diameter (DBH) distributions, are challenging to model. Mixture probability density functions of two- or three-component gamma, log-normal, and Weibull mixture models offer a solution and can additionally provide insights into forest dynamics. Model parameters can be efficiently estimated with the maximum likelihood (ML) approach using iterative methods such as the Newton-Raphson (NR) algorithm. However, the NR algorithm is sensitive to the choice of initial values and does not always converge. As an alternative, we explored the use of the iterative expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for estimating parameters of the aforementioned mixture models because it always converges to ML estimators. Since forestry data frequently occur both in grouped (classified) and ungrouped (raw) forms, the EM algorithm was applied to explore the goodness-of-fit of the gamma, log-normal, and Weibull mixture distributions in three sample plots that exhibited irregular, multimodal, highly skewed, and heavy-tailed DBH distributions where some size classes were empty. The EM-based goodness-of-fit was further compared against a nonparametric kernel-based density estimation (NK) model and the recently popularized gamma-shaped mixture (GSM) models using the ungrouped data. In this example application, the EM algorithm provided well-fitting two- or three-component mixture models for all three model families. The number of components of the best-fitting models differed among the three sample plots (but not among model families) and the mixture models of the log-normal and gamma families provided a better fit than the Weibull distribution for grouped and ungrouped data. For ungrouped data, both log-normal and gamma mixture distributions outperformed the GSM model and, with the exception of the multimodal diameter distribution, also the NK model. The EM algorithm appears to be a promising tool for modeling complex forest structures. Numéro de notice : A2021-721 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/f12091196 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f12091196 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98639 [article]

Models for integrating and identifying the effect of senescence on individual tree survival probability for Norway spruce / Jouni Siipilehto in Silva fennica, vol 55 n° 2 (April 2021)  

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Forest inventory-based assessments of the invasion risk of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco and Quercus rubra L. in Germany / A. Bindewald in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 4 (August 2021)  

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Forest floor bryophyte and lichen diversity in Scots pine and Norway spruce production forests / Lisa Petersson in Forest ecology and management, vol 493 (1st August 2021)  

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Climate warming predispose sessile oak forests to drought-induced tree mortality regardless of management legacies / Any Mary Petritan in Forest ecology and management, vol 491 (1st July 2021)  

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Altimétrie laser et surveillance / Laurent Polidori in Géomètre, n° 2192 (juin 2021)

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Canopy openness and exclusion of wild ungulates act synergistically to improve oak natural regeneration / Julien Barrere in Forest ecology and management, Vol 487 ([01/05/2021])  

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Mapping and quantification of the dwarf eelgrass Zostera noltii using a random forest algorithm on a SPOT 7 satellite image / Salma Benmokhtar in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 10 n° 5 (May 2021)  

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Chemical interaction between Quercus pubescens and its companion species is not emphasized under drought stress / H. Hashoum in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 2 (April 2021)  

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Terrestrial laser scanning intensity captures diurnal variation in leaf water potential / S. Junttila in Remote sensing of environment, Vol 255 (March 2021)  

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Analysis of plot-level volume increment models developed from machine learning methods applied to an uneven-aged mixed forest / Seyedeh Kosar Hamidi in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 78 n° 1 (March 2021)  

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