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Excelling the progenitors: Breeding for resistance to Dutch elm disease from moderately resistant and susceptible native stock / Jorge Dominguez in Forest ecology and management, vol 511 (15 May 2022)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 511 (15 May 2022) . - n° 120113 Titre : Excelling the progenitors: Breeding for resistance to Dutch elm disease from moderately resistant and susceptible native stock Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jorge Dominguez, Auteur ; David Macaya-Sanz, Auteur ; Luis Gil, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 120113 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] adaptation (biologie) [Termes IGN] conservation des ressources forestières [Termes IGN] Europe occidentale [Termes IGN] génétique forestière [Termes IGN] maladie cryptogamique [Termes IGN] maladie phytosanitaire [Termes IGN] phénologie [Termes IGN] Ulmus minor [Vedettes matières IGN] Foresterie Résumé : (auteur) Under the continuous pressure of Dutch elm disease (DED) in Europe, increasing the genetic diversity of Ulmus minor trees resistant to Ophiostoma novo-ulmi is a priority for the species conservation and reintroduction. In this work we screened 121 U. minor genotypes for resistance to O. novo-ulmi under field experimental conditions. The genotypes had been previously obtained through controlled crosses between two moderately resistant (dams) and one susceptible (sire) genotypes. After two years of artificial inoculations with O. novo-ulmi, transgressive resistance was present but not prevalent, and a moderate relation was found between tree growth and susceptibility. Heritability estimates of DED resistance endorse significant genetic control and higher estimates for experimental blocks with milder symptoms. Three genotypes excelled for their high DED resistance, showing average foliage wilting values below 30% after the two years of inoculations. The genetic fingerprint, leaf phenology and morphology, and ornamental traits of these three genotypes were evaluated to facilitate their identification and use by stakeholders. Nuclear microsatellite profiling displayed unique barcodes for each genotype, ensuring traceability of the plant material. Morphological and phenological traits of the three genotypes are quite similar and fall within the species standards. In base of these results, three new native genotypes are proposed as basic materials for elm reintroduction in Western Europe. Numéro de notice : A2022-260 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120113 Date de publication en ligne : 04/03/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120113 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100242 [article]

Coupling fossil records and traditional discrimination metrics to test how genetic information improves species distribution models of the European beech Fagus sylvatica / Pedro Poli in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 141 n° 2 (April 2022)  

Public [article]  inEuropean Journal of Forest Research > vol 141 n° 2 (April 2022) . - pp - 253–265 Titre : Coupling fossil records and traditional discrimination metrics to test how genetic information improves species distribution models of the European beech Fagus sylvatica Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Pedro Poli, Auteur ; Annie Guiller, Auteur ; Jonathan Lenoir, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp - 253–265 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] adaptation (biologie) [Termes IGN] bioclimatologie [Termes IGN] distribution spatiale [Termes IGN] espèce végétale [Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique) [Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes IGN] fossile [Termes IGN] génétique forestière [Termes IGN] Holocène [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used to hindcast or forecast suitable habitat conditions during climate change. Although distant populations of a given species may show local adaptations to diverging environmental conditions, traditional SDMs disregard intraspecific variation. Yet, incorporating genetic information into SDMs could improve predictions. Here we aimed at investigating whether genetically informed SDMs would outperform traditional SDMs. Using published information on the spatial genetic structure of the European Beech Fagus sylvatica L. (1753), we built lineage-specific SDMs for each phylogenetic group of the species. We then combined all lineage-specific SDMs into a single genetically informed SDM that we compared against a traditional SDM approach. We finally compared SDMs’ predictions against independent datasets of present-day distribution as well as fossil distribution data from the Mid-Holocene, using six metrics of model performance. We found that aggregating lineage-specific SDMs into a single genetically informed SDM increased model performances to identify suitable areas currently occupied by F. sylvatica. In comparison to a traditional SDM, the genetically informed SDM we built for F. sylvatica assigned higher probabilities of occurrence during the Mid-Holocene at locations where fossil records were found. Aggregating lineage-specific SDMs into a single genetically informed SDM seems to outperform the traditional SDM approach, especially so when the aim is to identify potentially suitable areas of occupancy. This could be particularly useful for the identification of cryptic refugia that remain undetected by traditional SDMs. Genetically informed SDMs have the potential to improve our understanding of species redistribution under climate change. Numéro de notice : A2022-296 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10342-021-01437-1 Date de publication en ligne : 27/01/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-021-01437-1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100353 [article]

Pourquoi la forêt française a besoin d’un traitement de fond / Guillaume Decocq in The Conversation France, vol 2022 ([10/02/2022])  

Public [article]  inThe Conversation France > vol 2022 [10/02/2022] Titre : Pourquoi la forêt française a besoin d’un traitement de fond Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Guillaume Decocq, Auteur ; Serge Muller, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] adaptation (biologie) [Termes IGN] Chalara fraxinea [Termes IGN] dépérissement [Termes IGN] essence indigène [Termes IGN] France (administrative) [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] mortalité [Termes IGN] productivité [Termes IGN] puits de carbone [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] sylviculture [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Les conclusions des Assises nationales de la forêt et du bois, lancées par le gouvernement en octobre 2021 avec pour objectif de « penser la forêt française de demain », devraient être rendues dans les prochains jours. Un des axes majeurs de cette réflexion concernait le renforcement de la résilience des forêts et la préservation de la biodiversité. Car la forêt française est aujourd’hui en crise : depuis deux décennies, on assiste en effet à une mortalité croissante des peuplements forestiers et à une baisse globale de leur productivité. Si la surface boisée en France métropolitaine ne cesse de croître depuis le milieu du XIXe siècle, c’est en raison du boisement – spontané ou artificiel – de terres agricoles, car la superficie occupée par des forêts anciennes, elle, ne cesse de diminuer. Ce « dépérissement », est généralement attribué aux modifications climatiques. Les sécheresses estivales récurrentes fragilisent les arbres et la douceur hivernale favorise les pullulations de bioagresseurs, en particulier les scolytes et les hannetons. Le changement climatique en est sans aucun doute une cause essentielle, mais il est aussi le révélateur d’écosystèmes forestiers fragilisés par des décennies de pratiques sylvicoles focalisées sur la production de bois. Non seulement la forêt française fixe moins de carbone par unité de surface, mais l’exploitation des peuplements dépérissants induit des émissions supplémentaires de CO₂ aggravant l’effet de serre et les changements climatiques associés. Numéro de notice : A2022-214 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : sans Date de publication en ligne : 20/02/2022 En ligne : https://theconversation.com/pourquoi-la-foret-francaise-a-besoin-dun-traitement- [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100083 [article]

The long-term development of temperate woodland creation sites: from tree saplings to mature woodlands / Elisa Fuentes-Montemayor in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 95 n° 1 (January 2022)  

Public [article]  inForestry, an international journal of forest research > vol 95 n° 1 (January 2022) . - pp 28 - 37 Titre : The long-term development of temperate woodland creation sites: from tree saplings to mature woodlands Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Elisa Fuentes-Montemayor, Auteur ; Kirsty J. Park, Auteur ; Kypfer Cordts, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 28 - 37 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] adaptation (biologie) [Termes IGN] aménagement forestier [Termes IGN] boisement artificiel [Termes IGN] détection de changement [Termes IGN] forêt ancienne [Termes IGN] parcelle forestière [Termes IGN] plantation forestière [Termes IGN] résilience écologique [Termes IGN] Royaume-Uni [Termes IGN] sous-étage [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Tree planting is at the forefront of the current environmental agenda to mitigate climate change and tackle the biodiversity crisis. In the United Kingdom (UK), tree planting has been a priority for more than a century and has helped increase woodland cover from a historic low of 5 per cent at the beginning of the 20th century to a current figure of 13 per cent. However, we still know relatively little about the long-term development of woodland creation sites (particularly of native woodlands) over ecologically realistic timescales. We surveyed a chronosequence of 133 temperate woodland patches encompassing 106 woodland creation sites (10–160 years old) and 27 mature ‘ancient’ woodlands (>250 years old), using a combination of field surveys and remote sensing techniques to quantify vegetation structural changes associated with woodland development. Woodland creation sites displayed similar vegetation development patterns to those described for other woodland systems, i.e. a gradual transition as woodlands undergo ‘stand initiation’, ‘stem exclusion’ and ‘understorey re-initiation’ stages, and became more similar to ‘ancient’ woodlands over time. Structural heterogeneity, average tree size and tree density were the attributes that varied the most among woodland developmental stages. In general, structural heterogeneity and average tree size increased with woodland age, whilst tree density decreased as would be expected. Younger sites in stand initiation were strongly dominated by short vegetation, stem exclusion sites by taller trees and older sites had a more even vegetation height distribution. There was a large degree of overlap between the vegetation characteristics of woodlands in understorey re-initiation stages and older ancient woodlands (partly driven by a lack of regeneration in the understorey); these results suggest that it takes between 80 and 160 years for woodland creation sites to develop certain vegetation attributes similar to those of mature ancient woodlands included in this study. Woodland management practices to create canopy gaps and reducing grazing/browsing pressure to promote natural regeneration are likely to accelerate this transition, increase the structural heterogeneity and biodiversity value of woodland creation sites and enable adaptation and resilience to climate change. Numéro de notice : A2022-115 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1093/forestry/cpab027 Date de publication en ligne : 03/06/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpab027 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99639 [article]

Climate warming-induced replacement of mesic beech by thermophilic oak forests will reduce the carbon storage potential in aboveground biomass and soil / Jan Kasper in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 78 n° 4 (December 2021)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 78 n° 4 (December 2021) . - n° 89 Titre : Climate warming-induced replacement of mesic beech by thermophilic oak forests will reduce the carbon storage potential in aboveground biomass and soil Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jan Kasper, Auteur ; Robert Weigel, Auteur ; Helge Walentowski, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 89 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] adaptation (biologie) [Termes IGN] biomasse aérienne [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] dépérissement [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] écotone [Termes IGN] Europe centrale [Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Termes IGN] puits de carbone [Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora [Termes IGN] Roumanie [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Key message: Climate-warming related replacement of beech by oak forests in the course of natural forest succession or silvicultural decisions may considerably reduce ecosystem carbon storage of central European woodlands. Context: Climate warming may change the carbon (C) storage in forest biomass and soil through future shifts in tree species composition. With a projected warming by 2–3 K over the twenty-first century, silvicultural adaptation measures and natural succession might lead to the replacement of European beech forests by thermophilic oak forests in drought- and heat-affected regions of central and south-eastern Europe, but the consequences for ecosystem C storage of this species shift are not clear. Aims: To quantify the change in C storage in biomass and soil with a shift from beech (Fagus sylvatica) to oak forest (Quercus petraea, Q. frainetto, Q. cerris), we measured the aboveground biomass (AGC) and soil C pools (SOC). Methods: AGC pools and SOC stocks to − 100 cm depth were calculated from forest inventory and volume-related SOC content data for beech, mixed beech-oak and oak forests in three transects in the natural beech-oak ecotone of western Romania, where beech occurs at its heat- and drought-induced distribution limit. Results: From the cooler, more humid beech forests to the warmer, more xeric oak forests, which are 1–2 K warmer, AGC and SOC pools decreased by about 22% (40 Mg C ha−1) and 20% (17 Mg C ha−1), respectively. The likely main drivers are indirect temperature effects acting through tree species and management in the case of AGC, but direct temperature effects for SOC. Conclusion : If drought- and heat-affected beech forests in Central Europe are replaced by thermophilic oak forests in future, this will lead to carbon losses of ~ 50–60 Mg ha−1, thus reducing ecosystem carbon storage substantially. Numéro de notice : A2021-766 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-021-01081-0 Date de publication en ligne : 15/10/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-021-01081-0 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98812 [article]

Genetic diversity of seeds from four German Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seed orchards / Birte Pakull in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 6 (December 2021)  

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How geographic and climatic factors affect the adaptation of Douglas-fir provenances to the temperate continental climate zone in Europe / Marzena Niemczyk in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 6 (December 2021)  

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Production potential, biodiversity and soil properties of forest reclamations: Opportunities or risk of introduced coniferous tree species under climate change? / Zdeněk Vacek in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 5 (October 2021)  

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Phenotypic variability and differences in the drought response of Norway spruce pendula and pyramidalis half-sib families / Marius Budeanu in Forests, vol 12 n° 7 (July 2021)  

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GIS-based multi-criteria analysis of the suitability of western Siberian forest-steppe lands / V.K. Kalichkin in Annals of GIS, vol 27 n° 2 (April 2021)  

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Norway spruce seedlings from an Eastern Baltic provenance show tolerance to simulated drought / Roberts Matisons in Forests, vol 12 n° 1 (January 2021)  

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Does recent fire activity impact fire-related traits of Pinus halepensis Mill. and Pinus sylvestris L. in the French Mediterranean area? / Bastien Romero in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 77 n° 4 (December 2020)  

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Climaq info (2010-)

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Changement climatique : l'avenir des forêts françaises en question / Sabine Girard in Le Forestier privé en Rhône-Alpes, n° 36 (avril 2009)

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Potential indicators of soil quality in temperate forest ecosystems: a case study in the Basque Country / Nahia Gartzia-Bengoetxea in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 66 n° 3 (April - May 2009)  

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