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Diffuse sunlight and cosmic rays: Missing pieces of the forest growth change attribution puzzle? / Jean-Daniel Bontemps in Science of the total environment, vol 806 n°1 (February 2022)
[article]
Titre : Diffuse sunlight and cosmic rays: Missing pieces of the forest growth change attribution puzzle? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jean-Daniel Bontemps , Auteur ; Henrik Svensmark, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Projets : 1-Pas de projet / Article en page(s) : n° 150469 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] cerne
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] dioxyde de carbone
[Termes IGN] modèle de croissance végétale
[Termes IGN] modélisation de la forêt
[Termes IGN] photosynthèse
[Termes IGN] rayonnement cosmique
[Termes IGN] rayonnement lumineux
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Forest growth changes have been a matter of intense research efforts since the 1980s. Owing to the variety of their environmental causes – mainly atmospheric CO2 increase, atmospheric N deposition, changes in temperature and water availability, and their interactions – their interpretation has remained challenging. Recent isolated researches suggest further effects of neglected environmental factors, namely changes in the diffuse fraction of light, more efficient to photosynthesis, and galactic cosmic rays (GCR), both emphasized in this Discussion paper. With growing awareness of GCR influence on global cloudiness (the cosmoclimatologic theory by H. Svensmark), GCR may thus cause trends in diffuse-light, and distinguishing between their direct/indirect influences on forest growth remains uncertain. This link between cosmic rays and diffuse sunlight also forms an alternative explanation to the geological evidence of a negative correlation between GCR and atmospheric CO2 concentration over the past 500 Myr. After a careful scrutiny of this literature and of key contributions in the field, we draw research options to progress further in this attribution. These include i) observational strategies intending to build on differences in the spatio-temporal dynamics of environmental growth factors, ranging from quasi-experiments to meta-analyses, ii) simulation strategies intending to quantify environmental factor's effects based on process-based ecosystem modelling, in a context where progresses for accounting for diffuse-light fraction are ongoing. Also, the hunt for tree-ring based proxies of GCR may offer the perspective of testing the GCR hypothesis on fully coupled forest growth samples. Numéro de notice : A2022-001 Affiliation des auteurs : LIF+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150469 Date de publication en ligne : 21/09/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150469 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98515
in Science of the total environment > vol 806 n°1 (February 2022) . - n° 150469[article]Survival time and mortality rate of regeneration in the deep shade of a primeval beech forest / R. Petrovska in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 141 n° 1 (February 2022)
[article]
Titre : Survival time and mortality rate of regeneration in the deep shade of a primeval beech forest Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : R. Petrovska, Auteur ; Harald Bugmann, Auteur ; Martina Lena Hobi, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 43 - 58 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Acer platanoïdes
[Termes IGN] Acer pseudoplatanus
[Termes IGN] analyse de données
[Termes IGN] arbre mort
[Termes IGN] biomasse aérienne
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] dendrochronologie
[Termes IGN] échantillonnage
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] forêt primaire
[Termes IGN] Leaf Mass per Area
[Termes IGN] mortalité
[Termes IGN] ombre
[Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] Ukraine
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) Low mortality rates and slow growth differentiate shade-tolerant from shade-intolerant species and define the survival strategy of juvenile trees growing in deep shade. While radial stem growth has been widely used to explain mortality in juvenile trees, the leaf area ratio (LAR), known to be a key component of shade tolerance, has been neglected so far. We assessed the effects of LAR, radial stem growth and tree height on survival time and the age-specific mortality rate of juvenile Fagus sylvatica L. (European beech), Acer pseudoplatanus L. (sycamore maple) and Acer platanoides L. (Norway maple) in a primeval beech forest (Ukraine). Aboveground and belowground biomass and radial stem growth were analysed for 289 living and 179 dead seedlings and saplings. Compared with the other species, F. sylvatica featured higher LAR, slower growth and a lower mortality rate. The average survival time of F. sylvatica juveniles (72 years) allows it to reach the canopy more often than its competitors in forests with low canopy turnover rate. In contrast, a combination of lower LAR, higher growth rate and higher age-specific mortality rate of the two Acer species resulted in their shorter survival times and thus render their presence in the canopy a rare event. Overall, this study suggests that shade tolerance, commonly defined as a relationship between sapling mortality and growth, can alternatively be formulated as a relationship between survival time and the interplay of growth and LAR. Numéro de notice : A2022-199 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10342-021-01427-3 Date de publication en ligne : 05/11/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-021-01427-3 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100000
in European Journal of Forest Research > vol 141 n° 1 (February 2022) . - pp 43 - 58[article]Beech and hornbeam dominate oak 20 years after the creation of storm-induced gaps / Lucie Dietz in Forest ecology and management, vol 503 (January-1 2022)
[article]
Titre : Beech and hornbeam dominate oak 20 years after the creation of storm-induced gaps Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Lucie Dietz, Auteur ; Jean-Claude Gégout, Auteur ; Jean-Luc Dupouey, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 119758 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Carpinus betulus
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] France (administrative)
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière adaptative
[Termes IGN] peuplement forestier
[Termes IGN] Quercus pedunculata
[Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora
[Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] tempête
[Termes IGN] tempête Lothar de 1999
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) Oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. and Quercus robur L. grouped), European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) are three major species of western and central European forests. When conditions are suitable for the three species, silvicultural management often favours oak because of its greater economic interest. Forest managers know that beech and hornbeam are strong competitors for oak during the regeneration phase, but the conditions that influence the relative success of the regeneration of the three species growing in mixture are still poorly characterised. The natural regeneration of the three species 20 years after canopy openings was studied based on 108 study sites established in 2001 in French forests impacted by the windstorms Lothar and Martin in 1999. In spring and summer 2018 and 2019, all saplings over 0.1 m in height were counted, species were identified and diameter at breast height (DBH) was measured for all saplings over 1.30 m. The height of the saplings with the highest and median DBH in each plot was recorded for each species. Mixed models were used to analyse the combined effects of former stand type, distance from the edge of the gap and soil conditions on species presence, sapling abundance, DBH and height. The modelling approach highlighted the preponderant role of the initial seed rain on the presence and sapling density of the three species compared to interspecific competition or distance from the edge. The two latter factors had a secondary effect on sapling DBH and height. Beech and hornbeam saplings were more abundant than oak saplings regardless of soil conditions (on average, 3097, 3063 and 344 saplings ha−1, respectively), suggesting a strong competitive ability of these two species. Oak was present on 22% (43% for hornbeam and 68% for beech) of the studied plots, at a low density but with a height and DBH similar to that of beech or hornbeam. This result highlights the high dissemination capacity of beech and hornbeam, which prevents the establishment of a stand dominated by oak. When seeking to obtain oak-dominated stands in the lowlands of Europe, the abundance of beech and hornbeam can be a limiting factor that could lead to the disappearance of oak from large areas if no silvicultural operations are performed to promote it. Numéro de notice : A2022-012 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119758 Date de publication en ligne : 09/10/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119758 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99069
in Forest ecology and management > vol 503 (January-1 2022) . - n° 119758[article]Effets des bryophytes sur les microsites de régénération forestière en climat tempéré / Laura Chevaux (2022)
Titre : Effets des bryophytes sur les microsites de régénération forestière en climat tempéré : implications pour la régénération naturelle de Pinus sylvestris et Quercus petraea en forêt mélangée Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Laura Chevaux, Auteur ; Philippe Balandier, Directeur de thèse ; Anders Mårell, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Orléans : Université d'Orléans Année de publication : 2022 Importance : 192 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie
Thèse pour obtenir le grade de Docteur de L'Université d'Orléans, Spécialité EcologieLangues : Français (fre) Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Bryophyte
[Termes IGN] climat tempéré
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] flore locale
[Termes IGN] Orléans, forêt domaniale d' (Loiret)
[Termes IGN] phytoécologie
[Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris
[Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora
[Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture)
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (Auteur) L’ensemble des conditions environnementales nécessaires à la régénération forestière naturelle constitue un microsite favorable pour la germination des graines et la croissance des semis. Parmi ces microsites, les bryophytes terricoles représentent un support important, présent dans la quasi-totalité des écosystèmes. De plus, les bryophytes ont un rôle important sur le recrutement de certaines plantes vasculaires dans les forêts tempérées. Les bryophytes terricoles, par l’expression de certains traits morphologiques comme la densité ou l’épaisseur du tapis, peuvent modifier les microsites de régénération en modulant les températures, l'humidité et l’accès aux nutriments du sol (théorie des filtres). Cependant, les interactions entre la régénération forestière arborée et les bryophytes restent méconnues. Afin de mieux comprendre les interactions entre les bryophytes et la régénération, nous avons étudié les effets généraux des strates de végétation et des bryophytes sur la régénération forestière naturelle dans un système causal (Modèle d’Équations Structurelles) sur un réseau national de placettes d’observation. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons réalisé un suivi de régénération en forêt mélangée sur un réseau régional de placettes expérimentales pour identifier les effets des bryophytes sur la croissance et la survie des semis de chêne sessile (Quercus petraea) et pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris). Nous avons également essayé d’évaluer les effets de deux espèces de bryophytes fonctionnellement différentes sur les conditions abiotiques du microsite en réalisant des suivis de température, d’humidité et de lumière in situ. Enfin, nous avons réalisé une expérimentation en conditions semi-contrôlées en serre pour suivre la germination et la croissance du chêne et du pin sur des tapis de bryophytes ainsi que sur le sol nu, en fonction de deux humidités atmosphériques et de deux humidités édaphiques. Nous montrons et discutons qu’en fonction de leurs traits fonctionnels, les différentes espèces de bryophytes n’ont pas le même effet sur l’installation, la croissance ou le taux de survie des semis. Les bryophytes peuvent avoir un effet de barrière physique mais jouent également un rôle sur l’humidité dans les microsites de régénération. Les bryophytes terricoles filtreraient différentes espèces arborées notamment selon la taille de leur graine. Note de contenu :
Introduction générale : Etat de l’art
- Régénération du matériel végétal
- Les bryophytes
- Synthèse bibliographique sur les effets des bryophytes sur la régénération
- Conclusion – Effet des bryophytes sur les conditions abiotiques des microsites favorables à la régénération
- Problématique et hypothèses générales de la thèse
Chapitre 1 : Effets directs et indirects des strates de végétation et des bryophytes sur la régénération forestière - Direct and indirect effects of vegetation layers and bryophytes on forest regeneration
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Methods
1.3 Results
1.4 Discussion
Chapitre 2 : Effets des bryophytes sur la survie et croissance de la régénération de Pinus sylvestris et Quercus petraea en forêt mélangée d’Orléans
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Méthodes
2.3 Résultats
2.4 Discussion
Chapitre 3 : Identifier les conditions microclimatiques dans les tapis de bryophytes qui pourraient avoir un rôle sur la régénération
Préambule
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Méthodes
3.3 Résultats
3.4 Discussion
Chapitre 4 : Identifier les effets des bryophytes sur la régénération et l’installation des semis (ex situ)
Préambule
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Méthodes
4.3 Résultats
4.4 Discussion
Discussion générale, perspectives, conclusion
- Rappel des hypothèses de travail et synthèses des résultats
- Intérêts de la prise en compte des bryophytes dans les études sur la régénération forestière naturelle
- Limites et autres facteurs à intégrer pour une meilleure compréhension des effets des bryophytes
- Implications pour l’étude des échecs de la régénération forestière naturelle
- Apports méthodologiques de l’étude
- Perspectives
- ConclusionNuméro de notice : 26951 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Autre URL associée : http://www.theses.fr/s264832 Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Ecologie : Orléans : 2022 Organisme de stage : Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement INRAE DOI : sans Date de publication en ligne : 11/01/2023 En ligne : https://hal.inrae.fr/tel-03740186v1/document Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102429 New insights in the modeling and simulation of tree and stand level variables in Mediterranean mixed forests in the present context of climate change / Diego Rodríguez de Prado (2022)
Titre : New insights in the modeling and simulation of tree and stand level variables in Mediterranean mixed forests in the present context of climate change Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Diego Rodríguez de Prado, Auteur ; Celia Herrero de Aza, Directeur de thèse ; Felipe Bravo Oviedo, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Valladolid [Espagne] : Université de Valladolid Année de publication : 2022 Importance : 168 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Doctoral dissertation, Valladolid UniversityLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] allométrie
[Termes IGN] climat aride
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] Espagne
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] forêt méditerranéenne
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière adaptative
[Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] modélisation de la forêt
[Termes IGN] peuplement mélangé
[Termes IGN] Pinus nigra
[Termes IGN] Pinus pinaster
[Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Termes IGN] Quercus pyrenaica
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) An increase of droughts intensity and frequency episodes combined with new extreme climate events are predicted to appear in the Mediterranean Basin due to global warming. In this context, mixed forests have become a sustainable opportunity to mitigate the effects of climate change. Species mixing may lead to the provision of a greater variety of ecosystem services and products while increasing temporal stability compared to pure forests. The development of new models that explain different tree and stand level variables may be vital to better understand the structure, composition and dynamics of this type of forests. In addition, it is essential to analyze how climate may influence these variables in order to design adaptive and sustainable management guidelines for mixed forests under future climate change scenarios. In this study, we sought to advance in the modelization and simulation of different tree and stand level variables along a range of different forest and aridity conditions in Spain. To achieve that, climate-dependent models were fitted using data from the Spanish National Forest Inventory and the WorldClim databases. We focused our study on fifteen Mediterranean tree species from the Pinus, Quercus, and Fagus genus. In our first study, we analyzed how climate may potentially influence the maximum stand carrying capacity, by terms of the maximum stand carrying capacity (SDImax), for the species under study in pure stands. This variable was chosen because its importance in (1) managing density and (2) defining species mixing proportions in mixed forest stands. To do that, climate-dependent MSDR models were fitted for each species under study. 35 different climatic annual and seasonal variables (temperature, precipitation, evapotranspiration, aridity indexes) were simultaneously included into the models. In this study, climate was found to have significant influence on MSDR, and therefore on the maximum stand carrying capacity (SDImax). The best climate-dependent MSDR models indicated that climatic variables related to temperature better explained the influence of climate on MSDR. Specifically, seasonal (MXTi) and annual (MXT) maximum temperatures were the most representative climatic variables explaining changes in MSDR. Based on the selected seasonal variables, spring and summer were consistently appeared as key periods. A common trend in SDImax variation for coniferous and broadleaf species was found, with higher SDImax values negatively linked to temperature and positively linked to precipitation. This trend suggested that aridity may play a key role reducing the maximum stand 12 carrying capacity of the main Mediterranean tree species. In addition, the impact of climate on maximum stand carrying capacity was evaluated by the creation of the Q index. In general, broadleaved species presented higher values of Q indexes than coniferous species, suggesting that the maximum stand carrying capacity of the first ones would suffer more the influence of potential climate changes. Our findings highlight the importance of using specific climatic variables to better characterize how they affect MSDR. Since we saw that aridity could play a key role influencing stand level variables such as SDImax, we aimed to analyze how it may influence tree growth and tree allometry. Moreover, we aimed to analyze how species mixing effects may influence these variables on mixed forests. Thus, two more studies focused on 29 two-species Mediterranean mixtures were developed. To study the influence of aridity and species mixing on tree growth, the basal area increment within a span of five years (BAI5), was modelled based on individual tree size, stand development and other variables of site and competition. Two distance independent competition indexes were considered: total stand basal area (BA) representing size-symmetric competition, and the basal area of trees larger than the subject tree (BAL) representing size-asymmetric competition. To uncover the complex mixing effects on basal area increment at tree level, competition indexes were splitting into intraspecific and interspecific components. All possible combinations of competition structures were included and tested in the BAI models. Positive, negative or neutral mixing effects were determined by comparing the intraspecific and interspecific component of the selected models. Then, the biological interactions taking place between species were determined based on size-symmetric and sizeasymmetric competition. Finally, the influence of aridity on basal area increment was studied including the De Martonne Index into the BAI models. A common trend among mixtures was found with higher productivity in mixed than pure stands, suggesting that BAI values may increase with the increment of species diversity. Based on model parameters, a novel approach to determine potential biological interactions between species in mixed forests was also presented in this study. Competition seemed to be the most representative biological interaction in coniferconifer mixtures, since neutralism and facilitation may occur more frequently in conifer-broadleaved and broadleaved-broadleaved mixtures. Our findings also suggested that tree productivity may be significantly limited by arid conditions, excepting for Pinus halepensis and Pinus pinea [...] Note de contenu : 1- Introduction
2- Objectives
3- Data
4- Methods
5- Results
6- Discussion
ConclusionNuméro de notice : 24064 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Systemes Forestiers Durables : Valladolid : 2022 Organisme de stage : Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute (Université de Valladolid) DOI : sans En ligne : https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/55195 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102046 How geographic and climatic factors affect the adaptation of Douglas-fir provenances to the temperate continental climate zone in Europe / Marzena Niemczyk in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 6 (December 2021)PermalinkRadiative transfer modeling in structurally complex stands: towards a better understanding of parametrization / Frédéric André in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 4 (December 2021)PermalinkShifting precipitation patterns drive growth variability and drought resilience of European Atlas cedar plantations / J. Julio Camarero in Forests, vol 12 n° 12 (December 2021)PermalinkGrowth recovery and phenological responses of juvenile beech (fagus sylvatica L.) exposed to spring warming and late spring frost / Kristine Vander Mijnsbrugge in Forests, vol 12 n° 11 (November 2021)PermalinkProduction potential, biodiversity and soil properties of forest reclamations: Opportunities or risk of introduced coniferous tree species under climate change? / Zdeněk Vacek in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 5 (October 2021)PermalinkThe impact of air pollution on the growth of scots pine stands in poland on the basis of dendrochronological analyses / Longina Chojnacka-Ożga in Forests, vol 12 n° 10 (October 2021)PermalinkAssessing the land expectation value of even-aged vs coppice-with-standards stand management and long-term effects of whole-tree harvesting on forest productivity and profitability / Abdelwahad Bessaad in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 3 (September 2021)PermalinkPicea abies and Pseudotsuga menziesii radial growth in relation to climate: case study from South Bohemia / Jan Mondek in Austrian journal of forest science, vol 2021 n° 3 (2021)PermalinkRegularized regression: A new tool for investigating and predicting tree growth / Stuart I. Graham in Forests, vol 12 n° 9 (September 2021)PermalinkClimate warming predispose sessile oak forests to drought-induced tree mortality regardless of management legacies / Any Mary Petritan in Forest ecology and management, vol 491 (July-1 2021)PermalinkPhenotypic variability and differences in the drought response of Norway spruce pendula and pyramidalis half-sib families / Marius Budeanu in Forests, vol 12 n° 7 (July 2021)PermalinkTree height growth modelling using LiDAR-derived topography information / Milan Kobal in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 10 n° 6 (June 2021)PermalinkMixture effect on radial stem and shoot growth differs and varies with temperature / Maude Toïgo in Forest ecology and management, vol 488 (May-15 2021)PermalinkTowards silviculture guidelines to produce large-sized silver birch (betula pendula roth) logs in Western Europe / Héloïse Dubois in Forests, vol 12 n° 5 (May 2021)PermalinkChemical interaction between Quercus pubescens and its companion species is not emphasized under drought stress / H. Hashoum in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 2 (April 2021)PermalinkThe impact of drought stress on the height growth of young norway spruce full-sib and half-sib clonal trials in Sweden and Finland / Haleh Hayatgheibi in Forests, vol 12 n° 4 (April 2021)PermalinkAre pine-oak mixed stands in Mediterranean mountains more resilient to drought than their monospecific counterparts? / Francisco J. Muñoz-Gálvez in Forest ecology and management, vol 484 ([15/03/2021])PermalinkComparison of two parameter recovery methods for the transformation of Pinus sylvestris yield tables into a diameter distribution model / Francisco Mauro in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 1 (March 2021)PermalinkHow to accelerate the germination of Scots pine and Norway spruce seeds? / Kateřina Houšková in Journal of forest science, vol 67 n° 3 (March 2021)PermalinkKeeping mixtures of Norway spruce and birch in production forests: insights from survey data / Emma Hölmstrom in Scandinavian journal of forest research, vol 36 n° 2-3 ([01/03/2021])Permalink