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Titre : Mehrbildtechniken in der digitalen Photogrammetrie [Habilitationsschrift] Titre original : [Techniques multi-images en photogrammétrie numérique] Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Hans-Gerd Maas, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie IGP - ETH Année de publication : 1997 Collection : IGP Mitteilungen, ISSN 0252-9335 num. 062 Importance : 118 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-906467-00-9 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Allemand (ger) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Photogrammétrie numérique
[Termes IGN] acquisition de données
[Termes IGN] image
[Termes IGN] radiométrie
[Termes IGN] traitement d'imageIndex. décimale : 33.30 Photogrammétrie numérique Numéro de notice : 66950 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : HDR En ligne : https://ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/baug/igp/igp-dam/documents/PhD [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=61680 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 66950-01 33.30 Livre Centre de documentation Photogrammétrie - Lasergrammétrie Disponible 66950-02 33.30 Livre Centre de documentation Photogrammétrie - Lasergrammétrie Disponible 66950-03 33.30 Livre Centre de documentation Photogrammétrie - Lasergrammétrie Disponible
Titre : Semi-automatic road extraction from satellite and aerial images Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Li, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie IGP - ETH Année de publication : 1997 Collection : IGP Mitteilungen, ISSN 0252-9335 num. 061 Importance : 164 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-906513-96-6 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Photogrammétrie numérique
[Termes IGN] extraction semi-automatique
[Termes IGN] fonction spline
[Termes IGN] image satellite
[Termes IGN] photographie aérienne
[Termes IGN] réseau routier
[Termes IGN] traitement d'imageIndex. décimale : 33.30 Photogrammétrie numérique Résumé : (auteur) Of all parts in the process of GIS data generation from satellite and aerial images, the actual mapping phase is one of the most time consuming and expensive procedure. Research is therefore increasingly focusing on the development of efficient methods to automatically extract man-made objects like houses and roads from digital images. As fully automatic methods for mapping are still far out of reach, semi-automatic methods for feature extraction that interact with a human operator are considered to be a good compromise, combining the mensuration speed and accuracy of a computer algorithm with the interpretation skills of a human operator. This dissertation deals with semi-automatic linear feature extraction from digital images for GIS data capture, where the identification task is performed manually on a single image, while a special automatic digital module performs the high precision line tracking. More specifically, a human operator is used to identify the object from an on-screen display of a digital image, selects the particular class this object belongs to and provides some very few seed points coarsely distributed. This is done through activation of a mouse in a convenient interactive graphics-image user interface. Subsequently, with these seed points as an approximation of the position and shape, the linear feature will be extracted precisely and automatically by either a dynamic programming approach or LSB-Snakes. These techniques can be used in a monoplotting mode, which combines one image with its underlying DTM. The LSB-Snakes approach is also implemented in a multi-image mode, which uses multiple images simultaneously and provides for a robust and mathematically sound full 3-D approach. Firstly, we propose a semi-automatic road extraction scheme which combines the wavelet decomposition for road sharpening and a model driven linear feature extraction algorithm based on dynamic programming. With a wavelet transform interesting image structures can be enhanced and a multiresolution representation can be obtained by selection of a special wavelet. We have built a particular wavelet for road sharpening, which has been implemented as a fast pyramidal algorithm. In the model driven feature extraction scheme, a road is represented by a generic road model with six photometric and geometric properties. This model is formulated by some constraints and a merit function which embodies a notion of the "best road segment", and evaluated by a "time-delayed" dynamic programming algorithm. In order to reduce the computational complexity, a strategy of dynamic vertex insertion and deletion is developed. In such a way, even a long road segment can be handled efficiently. The mathematical foundation and issues relating to its practical implementation are discussed in detail. This approach has been applied very successfully to extract complete road structures from single SPOT scenes and small scale aerial images. Experimental results show that the algorithm is very robust in case of gaps and other distortions because of use of global photometric information and geometric constraints. Then, a general approach for linear feature extraction with active contour models is investigated. In general, the Snakes or active contour models feature extraction algorithm integrates both photometric and geometric constraints, with an initial estimate of the location of the feature, by an integral measure referred to as the total energy of Snakes. The local minimum in this energy defines the feature of interest. In this dissertation, active contour models are approximated by B-spline curves and formulated in terms of a combined least squares adjustment. The observation equations consist of the equations formulating the matching of a generic object model and image data, and those that express the geometric constraints and operator-given seed points. We call this novel concept of Snakes "LSB-Snakes" (Least Squares B-spline Snakes). LSB-Snakes considerably improve active contour models by using three new elements: (i) the possibility for internal quality control through computation of the covariance matrix of the estimated parameters, (ii) the exploitation of any a priori known geometric and photometric information to constrain the solution and (iii) the simultaneous use of any number of images. The least squares approach allows for precision and reliability assessment of the estimated 3-D feature via covariance matrix evaluation. This is in clear contrast to conventional methods of Snakes, which due to their particular theoretical background and formulation, do not provide any measures for the qualitative control of their results. Instead of a set of points on the feature, a B-spline representation of the linear feature is estimated. Through the connection of image and object space, assuming that the interior and exterior orientation of the sensors are known, any number of images can be simultaneously accommodated and the feature can be extracted in a 2-D as well as in a fully 3-D mode. Thus blunders in image data, like occlusions, can be controlled very well. At the same time, LSB-Snakes can be considered a new application and extension of the least squares template matching (LSM) techniques. Our LSB-Snakes concept is not restricted to road extraction. Other linear features, e.g. edges, can be modelled and extracted. In fact, anything which can be geometrically modelled by B-splines can be handled. This makes it a powerful general concept for semiautomated feature extraction, not only for the processing of aerial and space images, but also for a variety of close-range (machine vision) applications. The results obtained so far are very encouraging. Further studies will make use of more extensive data sets and will focus on the quality assessment and automated performance evaluation. Numéro de notice : 66887 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Thèse étrangère DOI : 10.3929/ethz-a-001766570 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-001766570 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=61672 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 66887-01 33.30 Livre Centre de documentation Photogrammétrie - Lasergrammétrie Disponible 66887-02 33.30 Livre Centre de documentation Photogrammétrie - Lasergrammétrie Disponible Spatial raster data management for geo-information systems, a database perspective / Stephan Nebiker (1997)
Titre : Spatial raster data management for geo-information systems, a database perspective Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Stephan Nebiker, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie IGP - ETH Année de publication : 1997 Collection : IGP Mitteilungen, ISSN 0252-9335 num. 063 Importance : 176 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-906467-03-0 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées
[Termes IGN] base de données localisées
[Termes IGN] données maillées
[Termes IGN] échange de données informatisé
[Termes IGN] géoréférencement
[Termes IGN] maille carrée
[Termes IGN] métadonnées
[Termes IGN] modélisation
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueRésumé : (auteur) In numerous geomatics domains, vast amounts of spatial raster data are being acquired by high-performance scanning devices, digital cameras and high-resolution remote sensors. The efficient storage, handling, querying and retrieval of this data is one of the main challenges facing producers and users of spatial information. Existing raster management solutions are generally restricted to the file-based handling of limited-size raster objects with limited support for spatial aspects. In GIS, spatial raster data, such as raster maps, raster imagery, digital terrain models and thematic raster data are traditionally not integrated within the overall data management concept. Thus, they cannot benefit from standard database services such as querying, integrity and concurrency control, features which are usually available for the other GIS data types. This dissertation documents the investigations and developed concepts for the management of large spatial raster objects and raster mosaics in a DBMS framework. Furthermore, it discusses the design and implementation of a prototype spatial raster management system, which was developed for the evaluation of these concepts. In the first part, the theoretical foundation for the subsequent investigations is established. This includes the examination and documentation of the fundamental principles and characteristics of spatial raster data. It also incorporates the evaluation of raster modelling concepts, database models and technologies as well as storage management concepts and mass storage technologies. In the second and main part, a number of new or modified spatial raster management concepts are described. Most of them are data model-independent and can be implemented on any modern DBMS technology. The first concept is a tile-based spatial partitioning concept for raster mosaics with an indexing scheme based on the Morton ordering. This space ordering scheme provides efficient spatial access to mosaic tiles through linear indexing techniques available on all DBMSs. In combination with the presented query optimisation concept, this indexing scheme also supports efficient spatial range queries with a low oversearch ratio. Secondly, a novel approach is presented with the tile-based multi-resolution concept for raster mosaics. This concept uses a resolution pyramid of constant-dimension tiles covering different spatial extents. With this approach, the number of database objects to be retrieved can be kept roughly constant over the entire zoom range. By combining the resolution access with the spatial access, the concept allows the reduced-resolution tiles to be spatially indexed and accessed via the same indexing scheme. It also allows the resolution access to be implemented on the DBMS server as a relatively simple filtering operation. Thirdly, a multi-level georeferencing concept for raster objects is presented. This concept allows the spatial extents of raster objects to be represented and queried at different levels of approximation. It therefore supports coordinate system-independent global and systemspecific local search scenarios. The design and development of the prototype spatial raster management system GrIdS allowed a number of these concepts to be implemented and evaluated. The system architecture supports DBMS-internal and external raster data storage with a modular compression support mechanism. DBMS-internal storage currently uses the Binary Large Object (BLOB) concept, whereas DBMS-external uses a file-based solution. The prototype system was implemented on the basis of a relational DBMS (Oracle 7.3). The system tests were primarily focused on the functionality and performance of the mosaic management solution, which incorporated the majority of new concepts. The tests were performed on a series of mosaics which had been generated from raster maps and orthoimages. The tests showed excellent and consistent tile access times. The spatial range query performance was generally very good but occasionally it was affected by an outlier with a large tile oversearch. It was shown that these outliers can be completely eliminated if the proposed query optimisation is applied. Extensive window retrieval tests were performed, which yielded good retrieval times. The import and export tests with large raster objects revealed a relatively moderate system performance. The main limiting factor was identified as the low performance of the available test platform. Typical database features such as concurrent mosaic retrieval and update were successfully verified. On the whole, the system implementation and tests demonstrated that the developed concepts can be implemented relatively easily and rapidly. They are suitable for building robust, efficient and scaleable raster management solutions on the basis of standard DBMS technology. The concepts could also be integrated with spatial database extensions used in numerous GISs. The shortcomings of the test platform with respect to I/O performance are discussed and recommendations for future system configurations together with high-performance and high-capacity storage solutions are provided. Numéro de notice : 66949 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Thèse étrangère DOI : 10.3929/ethz-a-001847022 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-001847022 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=61679 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 66949-01 37.10 Livre Centre de documentation Géomatique Disponible 66949-02 37.10 Livre Centre de documentation Géomatique Disponible Analysis of image structures using color attributes and similarity relations / Olof Henricsson (1996)
Titre : Analysis of image structures using color attributes and similarity relations Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Olof Henricsson, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie IGP - ETH Année de publication : 1996 Collection : IGP Mitteilungen, ISSN 0252-9335 num. 059 Importance : 126 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-906513-84-3 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Photogrammétrie numérique Index. décimale : 33.30 Photogrammétrie numérique Résumé : (auteur) Automatic methods for 3-D reconstruction of man-made objects is an important issue to many users and providers of 3-D city data, including urban planners, architects, and telecommunication and environmental engineers. Buildings are the most prominent and also the most complex man-made objects in 3-D city models, and their 3-D re¬ construction from aerial images requires many components, such as camera models, image processing, stereo matching, texture and color modeling, geometric processing and reasoning, as well as object modeling. This thesis addresses 2-D intermediate level visual processing. The main objective is to derive robust and efficient methods that process the raw image signal over several layers of abstraction to produce meaningful 2-D intermediate level structures. The work has been pursued with an specific application in mind—the automatic reconstruction of houses from aerial images. This application provides complex technical and conceptual challenges and provides a suitable benchmark for designing, implementing, and testing the methods required to solve the task. The presented work focuses on two problems: the generation of a hierarchical, intermediate level representation of the image structures and the design and implementation of a framework for house reconstruction. The symbolic representation is built upon primitive image features — edges, lines, and points — together with their attributes and relations. In the thesis, I emphasize the role that such a representation must take in supporting subsequent processes in instantiating complex objects, even when specific object models are not available. The presented approach to 2-D intermediate level visual processing essentially consists of four components: feature extraction, computation of contour and region attributes, computation of similarity relations, and contour grouping based on similarity. The first processing step detects edge, line, and point evidences, which are then aggregated into a coherent, symbolic representation of edges, lines and points - a contour graph. In a second step, attributes are computed for each extracted edge, line, and point. Of particular importance are the region attributes, which capture the photometric and chromatic surface properties in areas pertaining to both sides of the contours. The computed attributes are then attached to the corresponding feature. This derivation of spectral properties yields important cues, which enables subsequent processes to infer which contours belong to the boundaries of single objects. This specific task is the issue of the third stage. Apart from photometric and chromatic region attributes, geometric criteria are also used to compute a measure for similarity among pairs of edges and lines. The computed similarity relations are represented in the form of a sparse relations graph. The relations, together with the computed similarity score, constitute the graph nodes and compatible relations the graph arcs. The final processing step extracts closed figures (2-D enclosures) by searching for cycles in the relations graph using a standard depth-first search technique. The presented, novel technique to 2-D intermediate level processing has been success¬ fully integrated into a larger system for automatic house reconstruction. The approach relies on hierarchical hypothesis generation in both 2-D and 3-D. The general assumption is that a complete roof consists of a set of planar patches which mutually adjoin along their boundary. Based on this assumption, generic 3-D primitives (denoted 3-D patches in the sequel) are extracted. A 3-D patch is roughly planar and encloses a compact polygonal 2-D enclosure with similar photometric and chromatic attributes. The mutual interaction between planes and 2-D enclosures supports an effective generation of planar roof hypotheses in the image plane. This tight coupling between 2-D and 3-D processing is a major key for the excellent results on house reconstruction. Neither 2-D nor 3-D information alone are sufficient in order to obtain comparable results. By modeling not only the geometry of the roof, but also the spectral properties, complex roof shapes can be reconstructed. An important undertaking, in this thesis, is to show that geometric regularity, although important, cannot serve as sole basis for extracting complex intermediate level structures for which no specific models exist. I demonstrate that this complex problem can be solved by grouping edges and lines be means of similarity in photometric and chromatic attributes. Numéro de notice : 50531 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Autre URL associée : http://dx.doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-001646765 Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Thèse étrangère DOI : 10.3929/ethz-a-001646765 En ligne : https://ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/baug/igp/igp-dam/documents/PhD [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=59103 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 50531-01 33.30 Livre Centre de documentation Photogrammétrie - Lasergrammétrie Disponible 50531-02 33.30 Livre Centre de documentation Photogrammétrie - Lasergrammétrie Disponible Crustal deformation of the Yellowstone volcanic field from precise measurements of temporal gravity changes and supplementary leveling and GPS data / Felix Karl Arnet (1996)
Titre : Crustal deformation of the Yellowstone volcanic field from precise measurements of temporal gravity changes and supplementary leveling and GPS data Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Felix Karl Arnet, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie IGP - ETH Année de publication : 1996 Collection : IGP Mitteilungen, ISSN 0252-9335 num. 056 Importance : 125 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-906513-79-9 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur local
[Termes IGN] déformation de la croute terrestre
[Termes IGN] données GPS
[Termes IGN] géophysique interne
[Termes IGN] levé gravimétrique
[Termes IGN] nivellement direct
[Termes IGN] volcan
[Termes IGN] Wyoming (Etats-Unis)Index. décimale : 30.82 Applications géophysiques de géodésie spatiale Résumé : (Auteur) The Yellowstone caldera in northwest of Wyoming, U.S.A, shows high rates of height and gravity changes. The height changes were monitored by precise leveling, which was first conducted in 1923 and remeasured every few years since 1975. Gravity measurements were first carried out in 1977 and repeated almost annually since 1983. Both measuring types were concentrated on a line crossing the northern part of the caldera. A GPS network was installed additionally in 1987. It covers the whole national park region and was remeasured every second year. The measurements showed, that the Caldera experienced an uplift of up to 0.8 m from 1923 to 1984. Since 1984, the trend reversed and the heights decreased up to 14 em. The gravity values along the same line changed up to 60 ± 12 µgal ( 1 µgal = 10 8 m S2 ) from 1977 to 1986. Until 1993, the gravity increased again up to +60 ± 12 µgal. The GPS results showed within the bounds of accuracy the same height changes as the precision leveling. In addition, horizontal displacements of up to 3 em towards the middle of the caldera were observed. Furthermore, it showed that the area of downshift expands partly considerably over the borders of the Yellowstone caldera. The factor between the height and gravity changes is a value that can be used to detect mass changes at depth. This value varies strongly from year to year. Over longer time spans, it converges towards the freeair gravity gradient of 0.3 mgal/m, where no mass changes occur. Finite element modeling shows, that the earth's crust in the Yellowstone National Park does not behave like an ideal elastic material. The horizontal displacements are significantly smaller than expected from the height changes. This is explained by the geology heavily disturbed by a lot of fault zones. Numéro de notice : 45614 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Thèse étrangère DOI : 10.3929/ethz-a-001549641 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-001549641 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=58404 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 45614-01 30.82 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible 45614-02 30.82 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible Recent crustal deformation and strain accumulation in the Marmara sea region, NW Anatolia, inferred from GPS measurements / Christian Straub (1996)PermalinkRekonstruktion generischer Gebaudemodelle aus Punktwolken und deren Abbildungskorrekturen in Orthobildern / Hanbin Dan (1996)PermalinkPermalinkKartographische Mustererkennung : rasterorientierte Verfahren zur Erfassung von Geo-informationen / Roland Eduard Stengele (1995)PermalinkMetrologie, eine ebenso propädeutische wie integrierende Wissenschaft : Abschiedsvorlesung / Herbert Jakob Matthias (1995)PermalinkPermalinkOptimierung von hybriden geodatischen Überwachungsnetzen von Bauwerken am Beispiel von Staumauern / Wenmin Shi (1993)PermalinkPermalinkGeometric and radiometric analysis of a CCD-camera based photogrammetric close-range system / Horst A. Beyer (1992)PermalinkPermalink