Ecologie et habitats forestiers
bibliographie constituée pour le projet Habitats forestiers, qui peut être classée en fonction des besoins en cliquant sur le titre "Ecologie et habitats forestiers" puis sur le carré A-Z
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The protective effect of forests against rockfalls across the French Alps: Influence of forest diversity / S. Dupire in Forest ecology and management, vol 382 (15 December 2016)
[article]
Titre : The protective effect of forests against rockfalls across the French Alps: Influence of forest diversity Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : S. Dupire, Auteur ; Franck Bourrier, Auteur ; Jean-Matthieu Monnet, Auteur ; S. Bigot, Auteur ; Laurent Borgniet, Auteur ; Frédéric Berger, Auteur ; Thomas Curt, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 269 - 279 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Alpes (France)
[Termes IGN] biodiversité végétale
[Termes IGN] composition floristique
[Termes IGN] éboulement
[Termes IGN] forêt alpestre
[Termes IGN] gradient de pente
[Termes IGN] longueur
[Termes IGN] pente
[Termes IGN] risque naturel
[Termes IGN] service écosystémique
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) The role of forests in the mitigation of natural hazards has been repeatedly demonstrated. The protective effect of mountain forests against rockfalls has especially been pointed out because it can constitute a natural and cost-effective protection measure in many situations. However, this particular ecosystem service may substantially differ according to the structure and the composition of the forest. Until now, the rockfall protection capability has always been studied at a local scale with only few forest types. Moreover, the comparison of the protective effect of the different forest types studied remains difficult because different methods and indicators were used. For the same reasons, it is not possible to draw conclusions about the influence of biological and structural diversities on the protection capabilities of forests from former works.
The aims of this study were (1) to quantitatively assess the protective effect of forests at the French Alps scale and build a classification based on the protection capability, (2) to compare the protective effect of the different forest types present in the French Alps and (3) to analyze the relations between the protective effect and the forest diversity in terms of stand structure and tree composition. For this purpose, the model Rockyfor3D was used to simulate the propagation of rocks on 3886 different forest plots spread over the whole French Alps. Quantitative indicators characterizing the protective effect of each forest plot were then calculated from the simulation results and used to perform the different analyses.
Our results emphasized the importance of taking into account the length of forest in the maximum slope direction for an accurate assessment of the protective effect. Thus, the minimum length of forest to get a reduction of 99% of the rockfall hazard was chosen as indicator to compare protective effect between forests. Using this indicator, half of the French Alpine forests presented a high level of protection after a short forested slope (190 m). A decreasing gradient in the protection capabilities was observed from forest types dominated by broadleaved species to those dominated by conifer species. Moreover, considering an equivalent proportion of conifers, stands dominated by shade-tolerant tree species showed better ability to reduce rockfall hazard. Finally, our study highlighted that a high biodiversity and a structural heterogeneity within the forest have a positive effect on the reduction of rockfalls hazard.Numéro de notice : A2016-766 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.020 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.020 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=82405
in Forest ecology and management > vol 382 (15 December 2016) . - pp 269 - 279[article]A little disturbance goes a long way: 33-year understory successional responses to a thin tephra deposit / Dylan G. Fischer in Forest ecology and management, vol 382 (15 December 2016)
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Titre : A little disturbance goes a long way: 33-year understory successional responses to a thin tephra deposit Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Dylan G. Fischer, Auteur ; Joseph A. Antos, Auteur ; William G. Grandy, Auteur ; Donald B. Zobel, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 236 - 243 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] association végétale
[Termes IGN] éruption volcanique
[Termes IGN] phytosociologie
[Termes IGN] placette d'échantillonnage
[Termes IGN] richesse floristique
[Termes IGN] Saint-Helens, Mont
[Termes IGN] Washington (Etats-Unis ; état)
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Large volcanic eruptions can alter forest plant communities through a variety of mechanisms, including direct destruction of forests and changes to forest soils through tephra (aerially transported volcanic ejecta) deposits. While many studies have examined succession following direct destruction of forests, impacts to plant communities through tephra effects are less obvious, especially where the tephra depth is less than plant height. We used a 33-year experiment in an old growth forest that received shallow tephra deposition in the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens (WA, USA), to examine plant communities. We determined if community differences between plots with and without tephra: (1) were detectable, and (2) changed over time. We found that plant communities differed significantly between plots with and without tephra after 33 years. Further, differences were stronger after 33 years than at two years following the eruption. Species richness increased over time in both plots with and without tephra, but live cover was largely stable after two years. Nevertheless, communities shifted in different directions over time, where the changes in species composition and abundance immediately following tephra deposition were inconsistent with net changes that occurred over 30 years afterwards. These results suggest that widespread and apparently minor deposits of tephra, usually interpreted to be of transient importance if any, may induce long-term modifications of understory plant communities. Numéro de notice : A2016-717 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.018 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.018 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=82192
in Forest ecology and management > vol 382 (15 December 2016) . - pp 236 - 243[article]Tree diversity effect on dominant height in temperate forest / Patrick Vallet in Forest ecology and management, vol 381 (1 December 2016)
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Titre : Tree diversity effect on dominant height in temperate forest Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Patrick Vallet, Auteur ; Thomas Pérot, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 106 - 114 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies alba
[Termes IGN] biodiversité végétale
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] forêt tempérée
[Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France)
[Termes IGN] peuplement forestier
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris
[Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) For forest ecosystems, studies dealing with diversity-productivity relationships are often based on diameter increment observations. Studying how height growth is affected by species interactions can provide new insights on this issue. We studied the mixture effect on dominant height growth in order to answer two questions. Do species interactions in mixed forest modify the dominant height growth of species? Does the diversity effect on diameter found in previous studies correspond to actual overyielding, or rather to an effect on allocation of growth between diameter and height?
We used the French National Forest Inventory (NFI) data to model the mixture effect on dominant height. We included biophysical factors in the models to compare the dominant height of mixed and monospecific stands, all other parameters being equal. We studied five target species – Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl., Fagus sylvatica L., Picea abies (L.) Karst., Abies alba Mill., and Pinus sylvestris L. – in association with sixteen other species.
Mixture effects on dominant height were weak, though often significant. They were either positive or negative according to species association. We showed that mixture effect on dominant height corresponds to a leveling process between species: the taller one limits its growth while the smaller one’s growth increases. Furthermore, most of the time, mixture effects on dominant height are in the same direction as those found on diameter, though with a lower magnitude. Our results confirm that tree diversity results in overyielding rather than in a different allocation of volume between the parts of the tree.Numéro de notice : A2016-703 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.09.024 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.09.024 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=82072
in Forest ecology and management > vol 381 (1 December 2016) . - pp 106 - 114[article]Land ownership affects diversity and abundance of tree microhabitats in deciduous temperate forests / Franz Johann in Forest ecology and management, vol 380 (15 november 2016)
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Titre : Land ownership affects diversity and abundance of tree microhabitats in deciduous temperate forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Franz Johann, Auteur ; Harald Schaich, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 70 - 81 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] feuillu
[Termes IGN] forêt privée
[Termes IGN] forêt tempérée
[Termes IGN] habitat forestier
[Termes IGN] microhabitat
[Termes IGN] propriété foncière
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Tree microhabitats – e.g. cavities, bark pockets or crown dead wood – have been described as key habitat elements, which are particularly important for birds, bats and xylobiont insects. They are therefore vital for promoting biodiversity in forest ecosystems. The occurrence of such tree microhabitats in forest stands is closely related to forest management. In Central European cultural landscapes, forest areas are subdivided into a mosaic of stands under different ownership types and owners vary in their forest management strategies and practices. However, little is known about the influence of forest ownership on the density and diversity of tree microhabitats in forest stands. In this study, we investigate tree microhabitats – categorised into 31 different tree microhabitat types – within forest stands in clusters of different ownership types. We compare small-scale private forests, municipal forests and state-owned forests in deciduous temperate forest ecosystems in south-western Germany. Our results reveal that the density of tree microhabitats per hectare is more than twice as high in small-scale private forests than in municipal or state-owned forests. Similarly, the diversity of tree microhabitats related to area is highest in small-scale private forests. Moreover, we found differences in tree microhabitat occurrences under the three ownership types at the single tree level. Besides ownership type, relevant indicators for tree microhabitats are basal area of forest stands as well as tree vitality and diameter. Within the study region, the share of tree microhabitats provided by small-scale private forests plays a substantive role for overall forest biodiversity. Management of publicly owned forests should promote a higher density and diversity of tree microhabitats to comply with goals of close-to-nature forest management approaches. In conclusion, we regard the type of forest ownership as a relevant driver of tree microhabitat occurrence. Ownership should therefore be considered in the design of policy frameworks and instruments which address the promotion of forest biodiversity. Numéro de notice : A2016-702 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.08.037 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.08.037 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=82065
in Forest ecology and management > vol 380 (15 november 2016) . - pp 70 - 81[article]Open-grown trees as key habitats for arthropods in temperate woodlands: The diversity, composition, and conservation value of associated communities / Pavel Sebek in Forest ecology and management, vol 380 (15 november 2016)
[article]
Titre : Open-grown trees as key habitats for arthropods in temperate woodlands: The diversity, composition, and conservation value of associated communities Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Pavel Sebek, Auteur ; Stepan Vodka, Auteur ; Petr Bogusch, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 172 - 181 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Araneae
[Termes IGN] arbre (flore)
[Termes IGN] climat tempéré
[Termes IGN] Coleoptera (ordre)
[Termes IGN] Formicidae
[Termes IGN] habitat forestier
[Termes IGN] Hymenoptera (ordre)
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Temperate open woodlands are recognized as biodiversity hotspots. They are characterised by the presence of scattered, open-grown, often old and large trees (hereafter referred to as “solitary trees”). Such trees are considered keystone ecological features for biodiversity. However, the ecological role of solitary trees and their importance for woodland communities are still not fully understood. Communities of arthropods in temperate forests are often structured not only by the horizontal openness of the stand, but also by vertical stratification. Thus there is a need for comparisons among communities associated with solitary trees and different forest strata. In this study, we analysed the diversity, conservation value, and nestedness of four taxonomic groups (beetles (Coleoptera), bees and wasps (aculeate Hymenoptera), ants (Formicidae), and spiders (Araneae)) on (i) solitary trees in open woodlands, and four habitat types in adjacent closed-canopy forests: (ii) edge-canopy, (iii) edge-understorey, (iv) interior-canopy, and (v) interior-understorey.
Across the focal insect groups, solitary trees harboured the greatest number of species, whilst spider communities were also equally rich in forest edge canopies. The conservation value of communities was highest in solitary trees for beetles, and in solitary trees and edge-canopy habitats for bees and wasps. For spiders, the conservation value was similar across all habitat types, but ordination analysis revealed general preferences for solitary trees among threatened species. We also found that communities from the forest interior were mostly only nested subsets of the communities found on solitary trees. Our results show an important and irreplaceable role that open-grown trees have in maintaining temperate woodland biodiversity. Therefore, preservation and maintenance of open-grown trees should be a primary concern in biological conservation.Numéro de notice : A2016-700 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.08.052 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.08.052 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=82063
in Forest ecology and management > vol 380 (15 november 2016) . - pp 172 - 181[article]Natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster and Eucalyptus globulus from plantation into adjacent natural habitats / Patricia Fernandes in Forest ecology and management, vol 378 (15 October 2016)PermalinkL’écocomplexe de Païolive en Ardèche méridionale (France) : un pic de biodiversité du hotspot méditerranéen / Patrick Blandin in Ecologia mediterranea, vol 42 n° 2 (2016)PermalinkDead wood availability in managed Swedish forests – Policy outcomes and implications for biodiversity / Bengt Gunnar Jonsson in Forest ecology and management, vol 376 (15 September 2016)PermalinkLong-term vegetation dynamics and land-use history: Providing a baseline for conservation strategies in protected Alnus glutinosa swamp woodlands / Brith Natlandsmyr in Forest ecology and management, vol 372 (15 July 2016)PermalinkÉtat de conservation des habitats forestiers : deux échelles d’évaluation différentes pour des objectifs distincts / Julie Dorioz in Les échos d'Ecofor, n° 37 (juillet 2016)PermalinkPropositions d'amélioration du système de suivi de la biodiversité forestière / Guy Landmann in Les échos d'Ecofor, n° 37 (juillet 2016)PermalinkLa valorisation des données écologiques de l'inventaire forestier de l'IGN / Guy Landmann in Les échos d'Ecofor, n° 37 (juillet 2016)PermalinkCombined effects of area, connectivity, history and structural heterogeneity of woodlands on the species richness of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) / Pierre-Alexis Herrault in Landscape ecology, vol 31 n° 4 (May 2016)PermalinkThe dynamics of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) in managed forests of central Poland / Damian Głowacki in Forest research papers, vol 77 n° 1 (March 2016)PermalinkEffects of landscape design of forest reserves on Saproxylic beetle diversity / Christophe Bouget in Conservation biology, vol 30 n° 1 (February 2016)Permalink