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Titre : Gravity field processing towards LL-SST satellite missions Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Ilias Daras, Auteur ; Roland Pail, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Année de publication : 2016 Collection : DGK - C, ISSN 0065-5325 num. 770 Importance : 153 p. ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-7696-5182-9 Note générale : bibliographie
PhD DissertationLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique
[Termes IGN] accéléromètre
[Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes IGN] crénelage
[Termes IGN] filtrage du bruit
[Termes IGN] gravimétrie spatiale
[Termes IGN] interféromètre au laser
[Termes IGN] poursuite de satellite
[Termes IGN] résidu
[Termes IGN] satellite d'observation de la TerreRésumé : (auteur) This study focuses on important aspects concerning gravity field processing of future LL-SST [Low-Low Satellite-to-Satellite Tracking] satellite missions. Closed-loop simulations taking into account error models of new generation instrument technology are used to estimate the gravity field accuracy that future missions could provide. Limiting factors are identified, and methods for their treatment are developed. The contribution of all error sources to the error budget is analyzed. It is shown that gravity field processing with double precision may be a limiting factor for exploiting the nm-level accuracy of a laser interferometer. An enhanced numerical precision processing scheme is proposed instead, where double and quadruple precision is used in different parts of the processing chain. It is demonstrated that processing with enhanced precision can efficiently handle laser measurements and take full advantage of their accuracy, while keeping the computational times within reasonable levels. However, error sources of considerably larger impact are expected to affect future missions, with the accelerometer instrument noise and temporal aliasing effects being the most significant ones. The effect of time-correlated noise such as the one present in accelerometer measurements, can be efficiently handled by frequency dependent data weighting. Residual time series that contain the effect of system errors and propagated accelerometer and laser noise, is considered as a noise realization with stationary stochastic properties. The weight matrix is constructed from the auto-correlation functions of these residuals. Applying the weight matrix to a noise case considering all error sources leads to reduction of the error level over the complete spectral bandwidth. Co-estimation of empirical accelerations does not show the same efficiency in reducing the propagated noise with the applied processing strategy. Temporal aliasing effects are reduced essentially by adding a second pair of satellites at an inclined orbit. Compared to a GRACE-type near-polar pair, such a Bender-type constellation delivers solutions with major improvements in terms of de-aliasing potential and recovery performance. When the integrated effect of all geophysical processes is recovered, the maximum spatial resolution of 11-day solutions can be increased from 715 to 315 km half-wavelength. A further reduction of temporal aliasing errors is possible by co-parameterizing low resolution gravity fields at short time intervals, together with the higher resolution gravity field which is sampled at a longer time interval. One day was found to be the optimal sampling period for reducing the error levels in the solutions. A uniform sampling at the co-parameterized short periods, is a prerequisite for an efficient reduction of aliasing errors. High frequency atmospheric signals are captured by daily solutions to a large extent. Hence co-parameterization at daily basis results in significant reduction of aliasing caused by their under-sampling. This enables future gravity satellite missions to deliver the complete spectrum of Earth's geophysical processes. The corresponding by-products of daily gravity field solutions are expected to be very useful to atmospheric science and open doors to new fields of application. Note de contenu : 1. Introduction
1.1. Background
1.2. Motivation and objectives of this study
1.3. Outline
2. Earth's gravity field determination form satellite observations
2.1. Pertubing forces acting on a satellite
2.2. Geopotential and its functionals
2.3. Dedicated gravity satellite missions
2.4. Concepts for future satellite gravity missions
3. Description of the simulation environment for the gravity fields recovery
3.1. Outline of the simulation environment
3.2. Coordinate and time systems
3.3. Simulation if the satellite orbits
3.4. Functional model
3.5. Formulation of the NEQ system
3.6. Solution of the NEQ system
4. Design aspects and error budget of future dedicated gravity satellite missions
4.1. Orbit design
4.2. Satellite formation flights
4.3. Selected orbits for the simulations
4.4. Science and mission requirements
4.5. Noise models for the performance of the instruments
4.6. Error budget analysis
7. Treatment of temporal aliasing effects
7.1. Temporal aliasing for NGGLs
7.2. Co-parameterization of low spatial resolution gravity fiels solutions at higher frequencies
7.3. Retrieval content of NGGM gravity fiels solutions
8. ConclusionsNuméro de notice : 19791 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : PhD Dissertation : Geodesy : Stuttgart : 2016 DOI : sans En ligne : http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20160211-1279854-1-3 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85011
Titre : Probabilistic multi-person localisation and tracking Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Tobias Klinger, Auteur ; Ingo Neumann, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Année de publication : 2016 Collection : DGK - C, ISSN 0065-5325 num. 787 Importance : 125 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-7696-5199-7 Note générale : bibliographie
PhD DissertationLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] analyse de sensibilité
[Termes IGN] analyse multicritère
[Termes IGN] classification
[Termes IGN] détection de piéton
[Termes IGN] géolocalisation
[Termes IGN] image isolée
[Termes IGN] modèle stochastique
[Termes IGN] objet mobile
[Termes IGN] piéton
[Termes IGN] poursuite de cible
[Termes IGN] programmation linéaire
[Termes IGN] séquence d'images
[Termes IGN] similitude
[Termes IGN] surveillanceRésumé : (auteur) This dissertation investigates the problem of localising multiple persons in image sequences, while, at the same time, establishing temporal correspondences between single-frame locations. The aim of this work is the improvement of the reliability and precision of the generated trajectories, which is addressed by the formulation and investigation of a joint probabilistic model for the recursive filtering of the estimated positions. The trajectories are estimated in a common 3D object coordinate system, which was previously almost exclusively done in 2D. Note de contenu : 1. Introduction
1.1. Motivation
1.2. Research objectives and contributions
1.3. Outline of the dissertation
2. Basics
2.1. Probabilistic modelling
2.2. Recursive Bayesian estimation
2.3. Gaussian Process Regression
3. Related work
3.1. Tracking approaches
3.2. Observations
3.3. Temporal modelling
3.4. Data association
3.5. Discussion
4. A new probabilistic approach for multi-person localisation and tracking
4.1. Problem statement via Dynamic Bayesian Network
4.2. Observations
4.3. Temporal model
4.4. data association
4.5. Recursive estimation
4.6. Discussion
5. Experiments
5.1. Datasets and evaluation criteria
5.2. Sensitivity study and training
5.3. Model validation by ablation of its components
5.4. Multi-person localisation and tracking evaluation
6. Discussion of the results
6.1. Method evaluation
6.2. Evaluation of the trajectories
7. Conclusions and future workNuméro de notice : 19793 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : PhD Dissertation : : Stuttgart : 2016 Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85037 Documents numériques
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Titre : Korrektur stationsabhängiger Fehler bei GNSS Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Andreas Knöpfler, Auteur Editeur : Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Année de publication : 2015 Collection : DGK - C, ISSN 0065-5325 num. 744 Importance : 177 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-7696-5156-0 Note générale : bibliographie
akademisches Grades eines Doktor-Ingenieurs von der Fakultüt für Bauingenieur-, Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften des Karlsruher Instituts für TechnologieLangues : Allemand (ger) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] antenne GNSS
[Termes IGN] centre de phase
[Termes IGN] erreur systématique
[Termes IGN] étalonnage d'instrument
[Termes IGN] modèle d'erreur
[Termes IGN] positionnement ponctuel précis
[Termes IGN] positionnement statique
[Termes IGN] résidu
[Termes IGN] traitement de données GNSS
[Termes IGN] trajet multipleMots-clés libres : stacking map Index. décimale : 30.60 Géodésie spatiale Résumé : (auteur) Highly precise positioning techniques based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have become a standard tool for numerous disciplines, benefitting from the continuous development of receiver equipment and the appearance of additional GNSS. In addition to the classical differential processing approach, the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method is able to derive station coordinates with the same accuracy as a baseline setup, when sufficient observation time is available. The basis for PPP is the improved quality of external products for the GNSS data processing, for example the orbit and especially the satellite clock products of the International GNSS Service (IGS) and its analysis centers.
The increased usage of GNSS comes along with higher demands on accuracy. Therefore, the modelling of important error sources in GNSS is continuously upgraded. Intensive research led to a refinement of both the functional and the stochastic model in GNSS data processing in order to enable the correction of specific error components, for example the antenna behaviour or the tropospheric delay. Despite of the improvements in GNSS modelling, multipath effects still remain as a main error source in highly precise GNSS positioning. Within this work, stacking techniques are used to correct for multipath effects and further site dependent errors, for example residual errors in the calibration values of the receiving GNSS antenna. The method developed in this work is based on zero difference PPP residuals, which are accumulated over defined azimuth-elevation cells and over a fixed period of time (here: 10 d) and introduced as correction (so-called stacking maps) in a second PPP processing run. The main purpose of this approach aims for the improvement of data, recorded on continuously operating reference stations.
Within this work, two scenarios for the implementation of the corrections were investigated in detail: the combination of the stacking maps joined with the calibration information of the GNSS receiving antennas and in contrast to this approach the separate modelling of both aspects in a separate file. In order to check the effectivity of this method, the results (e.g., coordinates, residuals) before and after the introduction of the stacking maps were intensively analyzed. Within the second scenario (introduction of the correction in a separate file), the behaviour of the stacking maps over time was investigated by the analysis of so-called sliding stacking maps. Sliding stacking maps are generated as follows: calculation of a first stacking map from the residuals for example for day of year (DoY) 121 to 130 and introduction as correction for DoY 131, the next stacking map is computed from the residuals for DoY 122 to 131 and introduced for DoY 132 and so on. Especially sites with poor data quality show a significant improvement of the residual values after the implementation of stacked information. Furthermore, observations remain in the used data set, whereas they were eliminated in the processing without the introduction of stacking maps.
In addition, the necessity of expensive, site-dependent individual antenna calibration was checked. The focus was on the compensating level of the stacking approach with respect to unmodelled antenna effects based on the replacement of individual receiving antenna calibrations by type mean values of the IGS in combination with stacking maps. Therefore, data of selected sites were processed using both the existing individual antenna calibration sets and the IGS type mean values. In a second processing run, the calibration sets were introduced taking the corresponding stacking information into account. Differences in the phase center variations of the antennas can be corrected by the stacking maps. Discrepancies due to differences in the phase center offsets remain in the estimated site coordinates.Numéro de notice : 14920 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : PhD : Géodésie : Karlsruhes Institut für Technologie : 2015 DOI : 10.5445/KSP/1000045959 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.5445/KSP/1000045959 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=76931
Titre : e 2 .Motion Earth System Mass Transport Mission (Square) : Concept for a Next Generation Gravity Field Mission, Final Report of Project “Satellite Gravimetry of the Next Generation (NGGM-D)" Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : NGGM-D Team, Auteur Editeur : Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Année de publication : 2014 Collection : DGK - B, ISSN 0065-5317 Importance : 200 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-7696-8597-8 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique
[Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes IGN] données GRACE
[Termes IGN] masse de la TerreIndex. décimale : 30.42 Gravimétrie Résumé : (Auteur) The main goal of this study was the development of a mission concept for the long term high precision and homogeneous determination of the time variable gravity field with significant improved sensitivity and spatial resolution as compared to nowadays techniques, which are used on GRACE and GRACE-FO. This goal is supported by the international science community and is content of resolutions issued by several institutions and science communities like for example resolution No. 2 of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG; Melbourne, 2011, refer to: http://iugg.org/resolutions). Long duration, higher sensitivity and improved spatial/temporal resolution of mass ariation observations are required by more or less all geoscience disciplines in order to make their models more realistic and in order to assimilate them into these models. Long term analyses and calibration of geophysical models contribute to a better understanding of the coupling of the different phenomena and consequently improve models and provide more realistic prediction capabilities. For this reason, in future a continuous monitoring of mass distribution in the Earth system is required.[...] Note de contenu : 1 NGGM - D Study Approach
2 Sciences and Mission Requirements
3 Orbit Configuration
4 Attitude Determination and Control
5 Instrument Concept
6 Generation of Simulated Observations
7 Numerical Simulations
8 e2 .motion Mission Concept
9 References
AnnexesNuméro de notice : 15824 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Rapport d'étude technique En ligne : http://dgk.badw.de/fileadmin/docs/b-318.pdf Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=74911 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 15824-01 30.42 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible Time, atomics clocks and relativistic geodesy / Enrico Mai (2013)
Titre : Time, atomics clocks and relativistic geodesy Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Enrico Mai, Auteur Editeur : Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Année de publication : 2013 Collection : DGK - A Sous-collection : Theoretische Geodäsie num. 124 Importance : 126 p. Format : 31 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-7696-8204-5 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique
[Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes IGN] horloge atomique
[Termes IGN] temps atomique international
[Termes IGN] temps de propagation
[Termes IGN] théorie de la relativitéIndex. décimale : 30.43 Travaux de géodésie physique Résumé : (Documentaliste) Après une première partie qui passé en revue les notions de temps, les effets de la relativité sont abordés. Puis l'auteur se focalise sur les problèmes de temps et de transfert de fréquence en géodésie spatiale concernés par la relativité. L'usage des horloges atomiques en géodésie nécessite un cadre mathématique particulier. Une approche de la géodésie relativiste est développée, elle établit par exemple, le concept de géoïde relativiste et introduit des réflexions en géodésie physique notamment. Note de contenu : Introduction
Time
1 The search for the nature of time
2 The measurement of time
3 The different notions of time
4 The problem of a unified concept of time
5 The role of fundamental quantities and physical dimensions
6 The realization of time scales
7 The choice of an underlying theory and its impact on definitions
8 The backing of a theory by experiments
9 The different kinds of geometry
10 The fundamental role of the line element
Relativistic Effects
11 Testing the concept of relativity
12 Focussing on Einstein's theory of relativity
13 Testing relativity via earthbound and space-bound experiments
14 Alternative modeling of gravitation
15 Progression of the interferometric method for relativity testing
16 Clocks as relativistic sensors
17 Apparent limits on the resolution
Transition to relativistic geodesy
18 Selected technological issues
19 Clock networks requiring time and frequency transfer
20 Time and frequency transfer via clock transportation
21 Time and frequency transfer via signal transmission
22 Time and frequency transfer methods
Geodetic use of atomic clocks
23 Decorrelation of physical effects by means of clock readings
24 From theoretical relativistic framework to real world scenarios
25 The resurrection of the chronometric leveling idea .
26 The improvement of gravity field determination techniques
27 Further potential applications of highly precise atomic clocks
28 The relativistic approach in satellite orbit calculation
Outline of the mathematical framework
29 Introduction of fundamental relations
29.1 Equation of a geodesic
29.2 Riemannian curvature tensor
29.3 Edtvos tensor and Marussi tensor
29.4 Ricci curvature tensor and fundamental metric tensors
29.5 Line element and special relativity
29.6 Proper time and generalized Doppler effect
29.7 Gravity and space-time metric
29.8 Einstein field equations
29.9 Special case: Schwarzschild metric and resulting testable relativistic effects
29.10 Inertial systems and general relativity
29.11 Geodesic deviation equation
29.12 Separability of different kinds of forces
29.13 Various relativistic effects
29.14 Proper time and gravitational time delay
29.15 Superposition and magnitude of individual relativistic effects
30 Essential expressions for relativistic geodesy
30.1 Specific relations between coordinate time and proper time
30.2 Problem-dependent fixing of the tensors
30.3 BK-approach vs DSX-approach
30.4 Celestial reference system connected to the (solar-system) barycenter
30.5 Celestial reference system connected to the geocenter
30.6 Classical spherical harmonics and relativistic multipole moments
30.7 Earth's metric potentials in relativistic mass and spin multipole moments
30.8 Transformation between global and local reference systems
30.9 External and tidal potentials in post-Newtonian approximation
30.10 Transformation between BCRS and GCRS
30.11 Remarks on various spin-related terms
30.12 Remarks on various kinds of mass-multipole moments
30.13 Gravitational potential knowledge and time transformation
30.14 Topocentric reference system connected to (earthbound) observation sites
30.15 Specific relations between geocentric time and proper time
30.16 Post-Newtonian gravimetry and gradiometry
30.17 Definition of a relativistic geoid
Clock based height determination
31 Practical time scales and their relations
32 Potential differences and classical height systems
33 The global vertical datum problem
34 Introductory remarks on the displacement of observation sites
35 Introductory remarks on tides and the tidal potential
36 The modeling of tides
37 Tidal displacement and the role of Love and Shida numbers
38 Details on the tidal potential and resulting displacements
39 Sensitivity of clocks to tidally induced potential differences
40 Sensitivity of clocks to the tidally induced Doppler effect
41 Concluding remarks on the comparison of clocks
Outlook ReferencesNuméro de notice : 15742 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=62767 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 15742-01 30.43 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible Ableitung von Bewegungsstrategien zur automatisierten, vollständigen Vermessung von Innerraumszenen auf autonom navigierender Plattform / Alexander Fietz (2012)PermalinkAttributierte Grammatiken zur Rekonstruktion und Interpretation von Fassaden / J. Schmidtwilken (2012)PermalinkEffects on the geodetic-VLBI observables due to polarization leakage in the receivers / Alessandra Roy (2012)PermalinkEntwicklung eines Kalman-Filters zur Bestimmung kurzzeitiger Variationen des Erdschwerefeldes aus daten der Satellitenmission GRACE / E. Kurtenbach (2012)PermalinkGeometrische und stochastische Modelle zur Verarbeitung von 3D-Kameradaten am Beispiel menschlicher Bewegungsanalysen / Patrick Westfeld (2012)PermalinkRobust determination of station positions and Earth orientation parameters by VLBI intra-technique combination / S. Böckmann (2012)PermalinkPermalinkDie Entwicklung photogrammetrischer Verfahren und Instrumente bei Carl Zeiss in Oberkochen / Dierk Hobbie (2010)PermalinkPhysically consistent system model for the study of the Earth's rotation, surface deformation and gravity field parameters / A. Hense (2009)PermalinkMulti-dimensional B-spline modeling of spatio-temporal Ionospheric signals / C. Zeilhofer (2008)Permalink