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European geographic information infrastructures: opportunities and pitfalls |
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Titre de série : European geographic information infrastructures: opportunities and pitfalls, ch Titre : European geoinformation data publishing: understanding the commercial industry Type de document : Chapitre/Contribution Auteurs : V. Lawrence, Auteur Editeur : Londres : Taylor & Francis Année de publication : 1998 Collection : GISdata series num. 5 Importance : pp 87 - 99 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données
[Termes IGN] coût
[Termes IGN] données localisées
[Termes IGN] marché de l'information géographique
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueRésumé : (Auteur) Organisations are run by data; they collect them, analyse them and, from these analyses, determine how they might be run more effectively. In the 1980s, as more organisations adopted geographic information systems, it became known that the cost of the hardware and software needed for a GIS often represented only approximately 30 per cent of the final costs of implementing the GIS project ; the majority of the budget was being spent on data collection and conversion. These percentages are changing as the commercial data market starts to operate efficiently in the GIS arena. The 70:30 ratio is now only representative of high value, low volume situations involving start-ups of operational systems such as utilities. It is estimated that between 60 and 80 per cent of all data held by government departments can be classed as geospatial, where this is defined as any data that have associated with them some geographical referencing, including to a national grid, a postcode system, latitude/longtitude or defined areas such as parliamentary constituencies. As government and private sector organisations realised the huge investment they were making in the collection of data, the organisations' accountants started to assess the advantages and disadvantages of allowing others to use the data that had been collected by their organisations as against using data created by third parties. This chapter explores the emergence of the commercial geoinformation data publishing market and considers its future. Numéro de notice : H1998-002 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Chapître / contribution Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=65871
Titre de série : European geographic information infrastructures: opportunities and pitfalls, ch Titre : From an understanding of European GI economic activity to the reality of a European data set Type de document : Chapitre/Contribution Auteurs : François Salgé , Auteur
Editeur : Londres : Taylor & Francis Année de publication : 1998 Collection : GISdata series num. 5 Importance : pp 17 - 29 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données
[Termes IGN] coût
[Termes IGN] données topographiques
[Termes IGN] économie de l'information géographique
[Termes IGN] information géographique
[Termes IGN] infrastructure européenne de données localisées
[Termes IGN] jeu de données localisées
[Termes IGN] Union EuropéenneRésumé : (Auteur) As the title suggest, this chapter is divided into two parts. The first part considers the nature of the economic sector of geographic information. Many qualitative arguments exist in documents such as GI2000 explaining why investing in the Europeanisation' of geographic information is so important (CEC,1996), but very few figures exist showing the size of the sector. Many people think that the GI sector will influence the future of the information technology (IT) field but very few facts (or figures) are available to prove the assertion. The second part of the chapter considers the issue from a rather different perspective. It describes the reality of creating pan-European products. It reports on practical experience in that field and tries to extrapolate the costs of producing a European topographical information template on the basis of this experience. In the final section of this chapter, it is argued that such attempts to promote the cooperation of public bodies create dilemmas for those public bodies also involved in offering services. It also voices the user schizophrenia which combines the threat of potential unfair competition from the public bodies with the request for free access to public data (Policy Studies Institute, 1995). Numéro de notice : H1998-001 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN (1940-2011) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Chapître / contribution Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=65870
Titre de série : European geographic information infrastructures: opportunities and pitfalls, ch Titre : Intellectual property and mapping: a European perspective Type de document : Chapitre/Contribution Auteurs : L. Aslesen, Auteur Editeur : Londres : Taylor & Francis Année de publication : 1998 Collection : GISdata series num. 5 Importance : pp 127 - 135 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données
[Termes IGN] propriété intellectuelle
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] Union EuropéenneRésumé : (Auteur) GIS is moving from electronic versions of traditional mapping and charting products into multimedia systems ; where the products create the basis for the use of other types of work. An endless possibility for new applications arises. A number of legal aspects also arise, many just as important as intellectual property. This chapter gives an overview of the legal situation on intellectual property and GIS, and focuses on some specific GIS problems, as well as the dilemma of how to make data available without compromising protection. Numéro de notice : H1998-004 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Chapître / contribution Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=65873
Titre de série : European geographic information infrastructures: opportunities and pitfalls, ch Titre : Intellectual property rights in disseminating digital geographic data, products and services: conflicts and commonalties among EU and US approaches Type de document : Chapitre/Contribution Auteurs : Harlan J. Onsrud, Auteur ; X.R. Lopez, Auteur Editeur : Londres : Taylor & Francis Année de publication : 1998 Collection : GISdata series num. 5 Importance : pp 153 - 167 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données
[Termes IGN] données localisées numériques
[Termes IGN] Etats-Unis
[Termes IGN] propriété intellectuelle
[Termes IGN] Union EuropéenneRésumé : (Auteur) It is now generally accepted by academics, government and the business community that information has become one of our most important resources for the generation of wealth and power. The battle over control of information systems and the content carried by them is in full fray yet the grab for intellectual property rights has been largely ignored by the press and, as a result, seemingly has gone unnoticed by the general public. While the press focuses on new offerings on the Internet, the latest compter products, and issues such as cyberporn, corporations around the world have been lobbying their governments for expansion and extension of intellectual property laws. As noted by a US law professor in a recent editorial in the New York Times, Governments are complying, granting monopolies over information and information products that make the monopolies of the 19th-century robber barons look like penny-ante operations' (Boyle, 1996). Particularly bothersome in the spatial data context is the sell out' by government agencies to corporate partners' of intellectual property rights in core data sets upon which value added products and services might otherwise be built by a wide diversity of private sector innovators and distributed trough a diversity of channels. Numéro de notice : H1998-006 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Chapître / contribution Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=65875
Titre de série : European geographic information infrastructures: opportunities and pitfalls, ch Titre : Legal and institutional issues to be resolved with respect to the integration of European data Type de document : Chapitre/Contribution Auteurs : A. Larner, Auteur Editeur : Londres : Taylor & Francis Année de publication : 1998 Collection : GISdata series num. 5 Importance : pp 137 - 152 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données
[Termes IGN] données localisées
[Termes IGN] droit des technologies de l'information et de la communication
[Termes IGN] Royaume-Uni
[Termes IGN] Union EuropéenneRésumé : (Auteur) The integration of geographic data raises a number of legal and institutional issues. The importance of particular issues will vary among member states. This chapter is written from the UK perspective. In some ways, the UK position is an anomaly within the EU because of the emphasis on government cost recovery and cross-charging within and between public sector organisations. However, it is contended that the UK market approach has reflections in other member states and that these similarities may become stronger as the financial effects of the increasing average age of the European population are felt. Numéro de notice : H1998-005 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Chapître / contribution Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=65874 Permalink
