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National report of the Federal Republic of Germany on the geodetic activities in the years 1991-1995 to XXI [21st] general assembly of the International Union for Geodesy and Geophysics 1995 at Boulder, USA / Erik W. Grafarend (1995)

Public Titre : National report of the Federal Republic of Germany on the geodetic activities in the years 1991-1995 to XXI [21st] general assembly of the International Union for Geodesy and Geophysics 1995 at Boulder, USA Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : Erik W. Grafarend, Éditeur scientifique ; K. Schnadelbach, Éditeur scientifique ; Erwin Groten, Éditeur scientifique ; Helmut Hornik, Éditeur scientifique Editeur : Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Année de publication : 1995 Collection : DGK - B Sous-collection : Angewandte Geodäsie num. 300 Importance : 182 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-7696-8583-1 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie [Termes IGN] activité géodésique [Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre [Termes IGN] géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] géodynamique [Termes IGN] géopositionnement [Termes IGN] gravimétrie [Termes IGN] positionnement par GPS [Termes IGN] République fédérale d'Allemagne Numéro de notice : 39852 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Rapport Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35189

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The IFE absolute gravity program "South America" 1988 - 1991 / Wolfgang Torge (1994)

Public Titre : The IFE absolute gravity program "South America" 1988 - 1991 Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Wolfgang Torge, Auteur ; Ludger Timmen, Auteur ; R. Röder, Auteur ; M. Schnull, Auteur Editeur : Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Année de publication : 1994 Collection : DGK - B Sous-collection : Angewandte Geodäsie num. 299 Importance : 44 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-7696-8582-4 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique [Termes IGN] Argentine [Termes IGN] Brésil [Termes IGN] campagne d'observations [Termes IGN] gravimètre absolu [Termes IGN] réseau gravimétrique [Termes IGN] réseau gravimétrique local [Termes IGN] station de référence [Termes IGN] Uruguay [Termes IGN] Vénézuela Résumé : (Auteur) The Institut für Erdmessung (IFE), University of Hannover, Germany, performed a large-scale gravity control survey between 1988 and 1991 in South America, in cooperation with university institutes and state agencies of the countries involved and supported by "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)" and "Institute Pan-americano de Geografia e Historia (IPGH)". This control system covers a large part of South America by establishing 22 absolute gravity stations with additional local eccenters. After a first observation campaign in Venezuela in 1988 (6 stations), a project in Brazil (7 stations), Uruguay (2 stations) and Argentina (3 stations) has been performed in 1989. A final campaign in 1991 concentrated on Argentina (3 new stations) and Uruguay (1 new station, 1 reoccupied). Three gravity stations (Sta. Elena, Brasilia, Tandil) are part of the International Absolute Gravity Basestation Network (lAGBN.set A). In addition, the stations serve as absolute gravity control for geodynamic networks in the Central and Venezuelan Andes and they improve existing national gravity networks. Numéro de notice : 28254 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=63598

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Introduction of absolute gravimetric techniques into a high-precision gracity and vertical control system in Northern Iceland / Wolfgang Torge (1992)

Public Titre : Introduction of absolute gravimetric techniques into a high-precision gracity and vertical control system in Northern Iceland Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Wolfgang Torge, Auteur ; T. Grote, Auteur ; R.H. Roder, Auteur ; M. Schnull, Auteur ; H.G. Wenzel, Auteur Editeur : Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Année de publication : 1992 Collection : DGK - B Sous-collection : Angewandte Geodäsie num. 297 Importance : 52 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-7696-8581-7 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique [Termes IGN] déformation verticale de la croute terrestre [Termes IGN] gravimètre absolu [Termes IGN] Islande [Termes IGN] réseau altimétrique local [Termes IGN] réseau gravimétrique [Termes IGN] système de référence géodésique [Termes IGN] volcan Résumé : (Auteur) Since 1938 gravity measurements were carried out in northern Iceland to investigate the tectonic process connected with the diverging of the Eurasian and the North American Plate. This paper describes the measurements performed by Institut für Erdmessung, Universität Hannover in 1985 and 1987/88. In the last epoch 1987/88, the absolute gravimeter JILAG-3 was first employed in order to contribute to the gravimetric datum and to overcome the calibration problem being inherent to the relative gravimetric technique. The detail survey in 1985 and 1987 was carried out using four to six LaCoste&Romberg gravimeters. By establishing four absolute stations in the control area in northern Iceland, and one in Reykjavik, the absolute gravity datum and the linear calibration could be verified on the 0.05 to 0.1 µms-2 and the 1-10-4 level, respectively. The mean relative network accuracy in 1985 (with respect to a constrained base station) and the mean absolute accuracy in 1987/88 is estimated to be ±0.06 /µms-2. As in former surveys, gravimetry was supplemented by geometric leveling. The tectonic activity in the Krafia fissure zone of northern Iceland has remarkably decreased in the beginning of the 1980's. The results of the 1985 and 1987/88 surveys indicate that the minor tectonic event which occurred in 1984 together with lava outflow, caused small variations with a range of about 20 km around the Krafia central volcano, reaching maximum changes of 0.4 µms-2 in gravity and 0.2 m in height compared to the 1980/81 surveys. The general tendency, gravity increase and subsidence in the activity center (Namafjall/Krafla area), and correlated gravity decrease and uplift at the flanks, is still visible. Numéro de notice : 30656 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=56853

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Untersuchungen verschiedener Höhensysteme, dargestellt an einer Testschleife in Rheinland-Pfalz / M. Leismann (1992)

Public Titre : Untersuchungen verschiedener Höhensysteme, dargestellt an einer Testschleife in Rheinland-Pfalz Titre original : [Études de différents systèmes d'altitudes, représentés par une boucle de test en Rhénanie-Palatinat] Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : M. Leismann, Auteur ; R. Klees, Auteur ; H. Beckers, Auteur Editeur : Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Année de publication : 1992 Collection : DGK - B Sous-collection : Angewandte Geodäsie num. 296 Importance : 97 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm - cont. 7 planches ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-7696-8580-0 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Allemand (ger) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes de référence et réseaux [Termes IGN] altitude normale [Termes IGN] hauteur ellipsoïdale [Termes IGN] positionnement par GPS [Termes IGN] Rhénanie-Palatinat (Allemagne) [Termes IGN] système de référence altimétrique Résumé : (Auteur) This report deals with the examination of several height systems for practical and scientific purposes. It starts with a short introduction to the height problem including the formulation of a catalog of demands coming from science, administration, planning and economy. Section 2 contains some foundations about the gravity field of a level ellipsoid, the theoretical closing error that would be obtained by errorless levelling from a starting point, around a level circuit, and back to the starting point and methods for gravity reduc-tions. In section 3 the different height systems being part of our examination are defined. Besides the geo-potential numbers and the dynamic heights we especially consider the orthometric heights and their differ-ent realizations restricting ourselves to those systems which can be determined from levelling and gravity measurements only; for other orthometric heights like Niethammer, Mader and Mueller we summarize the most important facts taken from known publications. Besides, we consider several normal heights, the so called spheroidal-orthometric heights presently used in Germany and the ellipsoidal heights as the only strictly geometrically defined height system. In section 4 we describe the properties of the different height systems and compare them with the catalog of demands mentioned before. The numerical calculations presented in section 5 are based on a closed 420 km levelling line located in the southwestern part of Germany with heights between 60 m and 700 m. The results show that none of the considered height systems meets all the requirements listed in section 1. That is why we propose the use of two systems; one for purposes placing the dynamic interpretation of heights in the foreground and the other to cover all the geometric tasks most important for piirely geodetic purposes and coming up from modern satellite techniques like NAVSTAR/GPS and inertial methods. In our opinion, from all the examined height systems the normal heights of Molodensky are the best compro-mise for all users leading to the best compensation between all the requirements. This height system is in contrast to the presently used spheroidal-orthometric system path independent, i.e. independent of the levelling route. In relation to the geopotential numbers and the dynamic heights they have a geometric interpretation, i.e. they define the distance of a point on the earth's surface from the quasigeoid, a surface differing from the geoid by some few centimeters or decimeters; only in some high mountain regions differ-ences up to 2 meters are possible. Its main advantage is especially in comparison with orthometric heights - that it is free from any hypotheses about the variation of gravity within the earth's crust and the isostatic compensation depth so that the accuracy of normal heights depends only on the accuracy of the measured gravity values and the levelling. Compared with the orthometric heights they suffer from the fact that the quasigeoid is not an equipotential surface of the earth's gravity field making the understanding of the heights possibly difficult for some practitioners. The corrections being taken into account to transform the results of levelling into normal heights and normal height differences are comparable to those for orthome-tric heights but greater than the spheroidal-orthometric corrections. But, for most of the practitioners they are not so hard to accept as the very large dynamic corrections. A disadvantage compared with dynamic heights is the fact that surfaces of equal normal heights are not identical with equipotential surfaces of the earth's gravity field. But the differences are very small and have to be considered only in some special cases like hydrologic projects where sometimes high accuracies are required. For geodetic purposes the geometric interpretation of heights is placed in the foreground, particularly in view of the great progress in satellite geodesy especially satellite positioning techniques like NAVSTAR/GPS and inertia! methods so that three dimensional geodesy will become more and more important even for local applications. In that sense ellipsoidal heights should be used as the fundamental geometric height system and should be incorporated into existing geodetic data bases. Numéro de notice : 28219 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=63565

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National report of the Federal Republic of Germany on the geodetic activities in the years 1987 to 1991 / Erik W. Grafarend (1991)

Public Titre : National report of the Federal Republic of Germany on the geodetic activities in the years 1987 to 1991 : XXth [20th] general assembly of the International Union for Geodesy and Geophysics in Vienna/Austria Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : Erik W. Grafarend, Éditeur scientifique ; K. Schnadelbach, Éditeur scientifique Editeur : Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Année de publication : 1991 Collection : DGK - B Sous-collection : Angewandte Geodäsie num. 294 Conférence : IUGG 1991, 20th general Assembly and symposium GM 5 Geodynamics, UGGI - IAG 11/08/1991 24/08/1991 Vienne Autriche Importance : 182 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-7696-8579-4 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie [Termes IGN] activité géodésique [Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre [Termes IGN] géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] géodynamique [Termes IGN] géopositionnement [Termes IGN] gravimétrie [Termes IGN] positionnement par GPS [Termes IGN] République fédérale d'Allemagne Numéro de notice : 61309 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Rapport d'activité Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=44245

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DGK-Arbeitskreis für Rezente Krustenbewegungen / H. Malzer (1990)

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Covariance propagation from GEM-L2 and GRIM-3M1P to TOPEX and ERS-1 orbits / J. Klokocnik (1989)

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Long range geoid control through the european GPS traverse / Wolfgang Torge (1989)

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A new gravimetric quasigeoid for the Federal Republic of Germany / Heiner Denker (1989)

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Underground measurements at tidal sensitivity with a long baseline differential fluid pressure tiltmeter / D. Emter (1989)

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Das Schweregrundnetz 1976 der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (DSGN 76), 3. Teil 3 Daten und Ausgleichung / G. Boedecker (1987)

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DGK-Arbeitskreis für Rezente Krustenbewegungen : Testnetz Pfungstadt. Berechnungen von Höhenänderungen mit unterschiedlichen Modellen / H. Malzer (1987)

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Landesbericht der Bundesrepublik Deutschland über die in den jahren 1983 bis 1987 ausgeführten geodätischen Arbeiten / K. Schnadelbach (1987)

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Studien zur detaillierten Geoidberechnung / T. Kling (1987)

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Die deutschen geodätischen Arbeiten im Rahmen der Internationalen Glaziologischen Grönland-Expedition (EGIG) 1959-1974 mit Beiträgen von Franz-Josef Heimes, Walther Hofmann, Achim Karsten, Klemens Nottarp und Manfred Stober / F.J. Heimes (1986)

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